固定器

Because of their beefy construction, they are the best choice for use with plastic telemark boots.

应为这种固定器强度很高，所以它是最适合塑料tele鞋的固定器。

Traditional 3-pin bindings are still used by many telemark skiers, especially those who favor the backcountry over lift-served slopes.

tele固定器有很多种，一般都比cross-country固定器要大和重，它将雪靴和雪板连接在一起，并能承受转弯时巨大的扭力。

They feature easy, toe-in entry and quick-clip heel cables or bales and can be upgraded with release plates that reduce the risk of injuries in case of a serious fall.

这种固定器方便使用，只要将鞋头伸进固定器，将后跟绳索锁死就能使用，同时还可以升级为可脱离的固定器，这样在摔倒时更安全。

2The spine fracture model is a type of instability spine model, it is satisfacted for the test. The new PETF can offer good three-dimensional stabilization to instability fracture spine.it has clinical feasibility . [3]To be a minimally-invasive surgical procedure ,the PETF assistanted microendoscopy can combine decompression and reduction with external fixation for the injuried vertebral colunm without segments fusion.

(1)骨折模型B组是不稳定性骨折模型，满足实验的要求，新型脊柱外固定器能为不稳定性骨折脊柱提供良好的三维稳定，具有临床可行性；(2)轴向压缩实验A组、C组和D组之间的差异均具有显著统计学意义，说明单纯新型脊柱外固定器是一种弹性固定，抗压刚度不够，但新型脊柱外固定器结合PVP术后抗压能力明显，但较正常标本仍有一定的差距，手术后短期内有必要适当腰部支柱保护；(3)新型脊柱外固定器联合MED和PVP术治疗胸腰椎骨折的微创技术能减轻病人的痛苦、达到胸腰椎骨折的治疗目的和效果，并具有非融合性固定的特点，具有较大的临床推广应用价值。

3To introduce a minimally-invasive technique of a new percutanous external spinal fixation assistanted minimally-invasive surgical procedure treating thoralumbar fracture and analyse its clinic applicable area and value. [1]According to advantage of spine external transpedicular fixation technique and limitation of traditional percutanous external transpedicular fixation,design a new percutanous external transpedicular fixation.

(1)根据脊柱外固定技术的优点，传统脊柱外固定器的不足自行研制一套新型脊柱外固定器(WS-1型)；(2)取7具新鲜小牛腰椎标本，自制实验不稳定性骨折模型，把实验分成正常A组、骨折模型B组、新型脊柱外固定器固定C组、新型脊柱外固定器固定联合PVP技术D组，分别按顺序测试四组的三维稳定性，并测试A组、C组与D组在300N轴向压缩实验，再行统计学分析比较；(3)应用新型脊柱外固定器联合椎间盘镜微创椎管减压技术和PVP技术手术治疗胸腰椎骨折，病例选择：本组病例共69例，年龄自10岁-70岁，平均年龄56.3岁。

In accordance with pathological changes and requirements for correctioning talipes equinus,cavus,calcaneus and forefoot varus or valgus,four standard external fixators were designed on the basis of Ilizarov apparatus assembly and tested biomechanically to correct the above.

根据中国患者马蹄足、高弓足、跟行足和前足内收或外翻畸形足的病理改变特点与矫形要求，在Ilizarov环形外固定器构型的基础上，设计完成了标准的矫正马蹄足、高弓足、跟行足和前足内收或外翻的4种外固定矫形器构型，并进行了力学测试。

Fusion with spinal internal fixator was used to treat instability of the lumbar spine. Several clinical studies have indicated that the fusion may accelerate degeneration at adjacent levels. The DYNESYS, a dynamic spinal internal fixator, is therefore designed to maintain intersegmental stability and prevent adjacent segment from degeneration.

脊椎内固定器合并融合术，主要用於治疗腰椎不稳定问题，但临床文献指出使用融合术后，加速邻近椎节之退化；因此，动态脊椎内固定器DYNESYS被开发出来解决此问题，以提供椎节间稳定度与避免邻近椎节发生加速退化情形。

Method］from january 2003 to may 2006,32 patients were corrected with qin si-he's orthotics devices on the ilizarov principle of tension-stress,which involved 15 males and 17 females,the age ranged from 10 to 25 years.among these patients,2 were caused by peroneal nerve injury,l by tumor in the vertebral canal,5 by meningocele,11 were caused by poliomyelitis,13 by congenital talipes equino-varus.in accordance with deformities,external fixator and limitied operative methods were dertermined.the limited release of soft tissue were performed in 7 patients,limited osteotomy in 25 patients.the dynamic muscle balance operation were performed in 9 patients with imbalance of muscle strength.according to the ilizarov technique,the fixative rods were installed.the telescopic rods on the apparatus were rotated one week after the operation,the divices had corrective function in three-dimensional directions.the deformity of talipes equinovarus,internal rotation and drooping of the forefoot were gradually corrected,and the patients could bear weight and walked on the deformed foot.the mean duration of traction were 42 days,then removed the external fixator maintained with plaster for a site time.

方法］2003年1月～2006年5月，根据ilizarov张力应力法则，应用秦泗河改良的外固定矫形器，遵循ilizarov穿针固定的基本原则，共手术治疗马蹄内翻足32例，男15例，女17例；年龄10～25岁，平均17岁。病因：腓总神经损伤2例，腰椎管内肿瘤1例，硬脊膜膨出5例，小儿麻痹后遗症11例，先天性马蹄内翻足13例。术前用足掌的前外缘负重行走者11例，用足的外缘或足背外侧负重者21例。根据马蹄内翻足畸形程度、性质和患者年龄，确定实施有限矫形手术的方法和外固定矫形器治疗。本组7例同期实施有限的软组织松解术，25例同期实施了有限的截骨术和跗骨间关节融合术，9例合并踝关节内外翻肌力明显失衡者，同期行足部肌腱转移的肌力平衡术。然后安装外固定矫形器。术后按作者制定的管理程序，7 d开始旋转相应的螺纹牵拉杆，对器械进行三维空间的缓慢调整，先矫正前足内收和后足内翻，后矫正足下垂畸形，直至达到矫形要求的标准。在矫形的过程中定期进行x线检测，以防止发生踝关节前后移位，治疗期间允许患足负重行走。术后平均牵伸42 d，拆外固定器后患足再上石膏固定适当时间。

Four Kirschner pins were thrusted in cortex from lateral and dorsal,the pin tails were fixated in pores of external fixator.

手法复位后，将固定器固定于皮肤外侧，以4枚克氏针从侧方斜穿至骨皮质内，针尾固定在固定器上螺孔内。

Page23of74 1026 中英版 2002 20.2 Except as noted in 20.3, a lampholder shall be so constructed and installed that uninsulated live parts other than the screw shell will not be exposed to contact by persons removing or replacing lamps in user service.

20.2除了20.3中提及的，指示灯固定器应固定装配好，在更换，移走指示灯固定器时，不能触及活动导电体，除了螺丝盖之外的其它活动导电体不得裸露。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。