固定化

The progress of the technology, immobility methods problems to be resolved and application foreground of the technology have been also clarified.

并且对固定化生物技术的发展、固定化方法以及固定化生物技术需解决的问题和该技术的应用前景作了阐述。

This paper is to find out the best condition of the immobilized microbial beads to treat NH+4-N in fishery wastewater ,which is made from entrapping nitrobacteria with chitosan and alginate as entrapment carriers.

用壳聚糖和海藻酸钠作为载体，包埋固定化硝化细菌，制备固定化小球，处理养殖水体中的氨氮，寻找了固定化硝化细菌小球的最佳工艺条件。

The effects of the immobilization conditions, the structure of spherule, the mechanical strength, elasticity, stability, and the activity of the bacterial enzyme were investigated, analyzed and determined the immobilization conditions.

探讨了固定化条件对固定化小球结构、机械强度、弹性、稳定性和培养后菌体的谷氨酰胺合成酶的活性情况的影响，分析确定最佳的固定化条件。

It was approved that the immobilized spherule had high biological activity, strength and mass transfer capability when PVA concentration was 9.0%, CA concentration was 1.0%,W/V was 1:1 and the cross linkage time was 24 hours.

在固定化实验中，通过正交实验对影响固定化细胞制备主要因素包埋剂、添加剂、包泥量以及交联时间进行条件分析，发现PVA作为固定化包埋剂的适宜包埋条件为：PVA浓度为9%、CA浓度为1.0%，包泥量为1：1、包埋时间为24h，包埋固定的小球具有较高的细菌活性，较好的强度及传质性能。

Compared with the previous method, the improved route can provide directly a spheroid form of immobilized lipase particles of which the size can be controlled by adding non-ionic surfactants during the preparation process so as to increase the recovery rate of enzyme as well as decrease the external diffusional restriction which can diminish the enzyme activity. The improved method can also alter the hydrophobicity and microstructure of the immobilized enzyme matrix by changing the molar ratios of different alkoxyl silanes so as to enhance the enzyme activity by a"surface active effect"and eliminating the internal diffusional restriction.

与前人的制备方法相比，改进的方法可直接制得球形的固定化酶颗粒，而且颗粒的大小可以通过在制备过程中加入非离子型表面活性剂加以控制，从而可以提高固定化过程的酶活回收率和减小外扩散效应对酶的表观催化活力的影响；改进的方法还可以通过改变原料硅氧烷的种类及配比来改变最终制得的固定化载体的疏水性质及微观结构，从而通过对脂肪酶的&界面活化&作用和减小内扩散效应提高固定化脂肪酶的表观酯化活力。

The result of immobilization showed that hydrophile membranes were more advantageous than hydrophobe ones to act as immobilization carrier. Crosslinking organophosphorus hydrolase by glutaraldehyde on polyethersulfone membrane is a simple and practical immobilization method. An appropriate amount of bovine serum albumin and crosslinker is necessary to get a good result of immobilization. In the biodegradation of methyl-parathion through enzyme membrane reactor, the effect of immobilized enzyme amount, flow rate of peristaltic pump, pH of the feed, and the methyl-parathion concentration on biodegradation rate was studied. It was shown that the biodegradation rate increased with immobilized enzyme amount and substrate concentration. Biodegradation rate didn't increase when the folw rate of the peristaltic pump was larger than 7 ml/min.

然后，研究固定化酶降解甲基对硫磷，从不同材料的膜载体固定有机磷水解酶的比较中，发现亲水膜比疏水膜适合作固定化酶载体；在此基础上，将有机磷水解酶固定在聚醚砜微滤膜上，并制成酶膜生物反应器，用于降解甲基对硫磷；戊二醛化学交联法固定时，酶液与10%牛血清白蛋白溶液的比例在3：1~2：1，与交联剂的比例在7：2~7：4范围内，固定化效果较好，并发现牛血清白蛋白和膜载体有降低酶活损失的作用；将固定化的酶膜装于酶膜反应器降解甲基对硫磷，实验结果表明：反应器的降解速率与固定化酶量呈正比，也随底物浓度的增加而加快，当流速低时，降解速率随流速增大而加快，到7ml/min以上时，降解速率不随流速脑黾佣洌到獾淖畹团ǘ任？

The effects of several components in the culture medium on Lithospermum erythrorhizon cell growth and secondary metabolite synthesis were studied, as well as structural dynamic model. The two-liquid-phase culture of Lithospermum erythrorhizon was carried out by choosing the proper organic solvent as the second phase. The bioactive carrier for adsorption was prepared and the condition of cell immobilization was determined. We combined the technique of two-liquid-phase culture and immobilization to carry out the culture. We chose the suitable type of reactor, studied its characteristics and results of cell culture using this reactor. The fed-batch operation was also studied on the basis of twoliquid-phase culture and immobilization used in culture in the reactor.

本文研究了紫草细胞悬浮培养中培养基中多种成分对细胞生长与次生代谢产物合成的影响，进行了结构化的动力学模型研究；通过选择合适的有机溶剂对紫草细胞进行了双液相培养研究；通过确定以吸附为细胞的固定化方法，进行了生物活性吸附载体的制备与固定化细胞的制备研究；并结合双液相培养技术，对紫草细胞进行了固定化培养及其动力学模型的研究；对反应器进行选型，并进行冷模与热模研究；在反应器中进行了固定化紫草细胞的双液相培养条件下的流加操作研究。

In order to overcome some of the disadvantages of plant cell suspension culture, such as variability and shear sensitivity of plant cells, limited transfer of oxygen to the culture, mixing and relative low metabolites production, etc.

本文针对悬浮细胞培养中植物细胞剪切敏感性、溶氧及混合困难和次生代谢产物合成能力低等问题，进行固定化长春花植物细胞培养生产生物碱过程的研究，主要涉及固定化方法、影响固定化长春花植物细胞合成生物碱能力因素、及有关固定化长春花植物细胞反应器等问题，应用模糊集理论探讨固定化细胞培养过程的基本规律。

The preparation of immobilized enzyme: The inulinase, used in the fructose production from Jerusalem artichokes, and the glucoamylase, used in the glucose production from dextrine were chosen as samples. The comparative tests were carried out on specially designed setups for the immobilization of enzymes, and a synthetic evaluation was made of the quality of the immobilized enzymes.

固定化酶制备方法的选择：选定了降解洋姜液生产果糖工艺的菊糖酶及降解糊精生产葡萄糖工艺的糖化酶分别进行了不同方法的酶的固定化；设置了相应的实验装置，进行对比实验，研究了各因素对酶的固定化的影响；并对所制备的固定化酶的效果进行了综合评价。

Min~(-1) fed in pH of 7.0.(3) DCase was dialysed via pressure of 70MPa,time of 15min.

以TJS环氧基树脂作为固定载体，最适固定化条件为：TJS用量1g对应133u酶活，固定时间15h，温度28℃，pH值7.5最后固定化酶活为58u·g~(-1)，蛋白固定率可达98％，酶活回收率达到49.3％。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。