固体化

In summary, the alkylation performances of isobutane with butene over bothheteropoly acid and zeolite catalysts have been investigated in this thesis, and theresults are helpful for further development of the solid acid catalysts for this process.

通过本论文的研究，对杂多酸和分子筛催化剂的烷基化性能有了进一步认识，能对今后开发固体酸的碳四烷基化催化剂有所帮助和借鉴。

The isobutane/butene alkylation reactions over a solid acid catalyst were carried out under liquid phase and supercritical conditions respectively.

分别在液相和超临界两种反应条件下进行了固体酸烷基化催化剂的烷基化反应，并以超临界异丁烷流体对失活催化剂进行了再生。

The results of the experiment showed that the etherification ratio can be reached 93.5% when the mole ratio of alcohol and acid was 1:2; solid super acid SO4(superscript 2-)/Fe2O3 as catalysts and the reaction time for 2 hours.

实验结果表明较好的酯化条件是：n：n为1：2；催化剂为固体超强酸SO4(上标 2-)/Fe2O3；酯化时间为2h。其酯的收率可达93.5%。

ABSTRACT Immobilized penicillin acylase (from E.coli) was used to catalyze 7 phenylacetamido 3 E propenyl cephalosporanic acid hydrolyzation into 7 amino 3 E propenyl cephalosporanic acid. Then, trans APRA was acylated with hydroxyethyl ester of 4 hydroxy D phenylglycine to obtain trans cefprozil.

以7 苯乙酰氨基 3 E 丙烯基 3 头孢菌素 4 羧酸为原料，在青霉素酰化酶作用下，首先酶法水解得到3 E 丙烯基 3 头孢菌素 4 羧酸，过滤固相酶，滤液调pH分离得到反式APRA固体；在青霉素酰化酶作用下，反式APRA再与对羟基苯甘氨酸乙二醇酯缩合，得到反式头孢丙烯；酶法合成所得的产品与进口反式头孢丙烯对照品一致。

Nd_2O_3 was used as catalyst for estrification of Acetic acid with propanol and discussed thevariant conditions in reaction of esterification.

以三氧化二钕为固体催化剂，实现了乙酸和丙醇的酯化反应，讨论了催化酯化的各种影响因素。

Secondly, preparing terpineol and discussion of its results. It was put up by reaction-temperature, reaction-time, the ratio of catalyst and raw material, the kinds of esterify and dosage, the choice of solvent, catalyst life-span and so on. It was discovered that turpentine transform ratio was 86.29%, the yield ratio of terpineol was 68.89%, the selectivity of solid superacid catalyst was 79.84%.

二，松油醇的制备及结果讨论，从反应温度、时间、物料配比、酯化剂的种类与用量、溶剂的选择、催化剂寿命等几个进行了考察，结果发现反应温度为T3、时间L5小时、酯化剂用F3、物料配比为H3％、溶剂用G等时，松节油的转化率为86.29％、松油醇的收率为68.89％、固体超强酸催化剂的选择性为79.84％。

Treat each flask as follows. Add 5.0 mL of a solution prepared by dissolving 14 g of boron trifluoride in methanol to make 100 mL, swirl to mix, and reflux for 15 minutes or until the solid is dissolved.

在每一个锥形瓶中，加5.0mL三氟化硼溶液（取14g三氟化硼，用甲醇溶解并稀释至100ml），搅拌使混合，回流15分钟或直至固体物溶解。

It was found that the selective photoreductionreaction of this uranyl compound could take place under pulsed IR laser irradiation and the rate ofphotoreduction depended on the frequency, energy fluence and numbers of pulses of laser.

用TEA-CO_2激光研究了室温下固体的甲酸铀酰钠的红外光化学反应，发现该化合物在脉冲红外激光照射下可产生选择性的光化还原反应，其光化还原率与激光频率、能量密度和脉冲数有关。

The results indicate the mutual effect exists between the single coals, which could increase the maximum of thermal weight loss obviously and has a small effect on the temperature extent of the weight loss. The main pyrolysis production of coal is coke, but the main production of waste plastics is tar; the yield of water became decrease and the gas became increase by adding the waste plastics. And the CRI and CSR decreased with the ratio of waste plastics in coal. The main ingredients of tar from blend coal are aromatic hydrocarbon and alkane, while those of waste plastics are alkane and alkene. The result of co-coking with coal and waste plastics make the light tar and the aromatic hydrocarbon increase obviously. The combustible ingredient(CO、H2、CH4) of gas from co-coking with coal increase at different ratio; Co-coking with coal and waste plastics could increase the combustible ingredient and thermal value of gas.

结果表明，废塑料与煤混合物在煤的塑性温度区间内存在明显的相互作用，使最大热解失重峰迁移，热解速率变大，且随着废塑料配比的增加呈现规律性的变化；煤热解产物固体焦炭为主，而废塑料的热解产物以焦油为主，废塑料的添加使得总体焦炭和水产率下降，焦炉煤气和焦油的产率增加，即共焦化呈现出明显的&增油减水&效应；随着塑料添加量的增加，焦炭热强度呈现劣化趋势；废塑料代替瘦煤配煤炼焦可使其比例提高到3%而不影响焦炭的质量；纯煤焦化所得焦油以芳香烃类和烷烃类为主，而废塑料热解焦油以烷烃和烯烃为主；废塑料配煤炼焦，可使得的焦油呈现&环构化&和&轻质化&趋势；废塑料的添加可使煤气中的可燃组分(CO、H2、CH4)的含量均有不同程度的增加；废塑料配煤炼焦可以优化焦炉煤气的组成，增加煤气中的可燃组分，提高焦炉煤气的热值。

The experimental models of 330kV tank circuit breakers are established and four factors are studied respectively.

分别研究了六氟化硫气体压力、模拟实验的罐体大小、环境温度为20℃时六氟化硫气体的水分含量和断路器罐体内固体材料四个因素对环境温度与六氟化硫气体水分含量的关系的影响。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失