固体

Nanomaterials have many new characterizes which different from the normal materials for their small size, big surface area ratio and quanta dimension domino effect, for examples, the metal with good conductor will be turned into nonmetal when the size is reduced tonanometer levels; the resistance of originally nonconductor will be descended greatly when its size is reduced several nanometers or so, and loss the nonconductor property; the general solid is steady under certain conditions, while under nanometer conditions, the capabilities will be effected greatly by the granule sizes, the newness characteristics made nanomaterials have great appliance foreground on catalyze, optics, and industry produce and so on, therefore the nanomaterials have been the hotspot for materials science, chemistry science and so on.

纳米材料由于尺寸小、比表面积大和量子尺寸效应使它具有不同于常规固体材料的新的特征，如原来是良导体的金属，当尺寸减小到纳米量级时就变成非金属型；原来是绝缘体的物质，当尺寸减小到几纳米或几十纳米时电阻大大下降，失去了绝缘体特性；常规固体在一定条件下物理性能是稳定的，在纳米状态下，颗粒尺寸对性能产生强烈的影响等等，这些新奇的特点使得纳米材料在催化、光学、工业生产等各个方面都有着广阔的应用前景，因此，纳米材料目前已经成为材料科学、物理学及化学等学科的前沿热点。1990年7月在美国巴尔基摩召开了国际第一届纳米科学技术会议，正式把纳米材料科学作为材料科学的一个新的分支公布于世。

The calculated results show that there is an obvious difference between the interfacial tension of the bulk liquid nitrogen and that of the adsorbed liquid nitrogen film on most of nonporous so.

根据表面热力学原理，本文导出从无孔固体吸附氮气的等温线计算其表面上吸附生成的液氮膜界面张力方程式；还导出计算固体中圆筒形间隙孔径方程式。

A general Godunov finite difference schemes-WENO schemes which had fifth-order accuracy was used to make a numerical calculation for 2-dimensional axis symmetrical laser-supported plasma flow field under laser ablated solid target and laser ablated propulsion efficiency parameters(mechanical coupling coefficient etc.) was obtained by the simulation.The models of the calculation of ionization degree of plasma and the interaction between laser beam and plasma and the simplified eos of plasma were considered in the simulation.

采用针对高温气体电离度的一种近似计算方法，以及具有五阶精度的广义Godunov差分格式-加权本质无振荡格式WENO(weighted essentially non-oscillatory schemes)，给出了高温气体状态方程的简便描述，并考虑激光与等离子体的相互作用，模拟了强激光与固体靶相互作用时激光支持靶面等离子体流场的动态物理过程，并给出了不同参数条件下激光烧蚀固体靶的推进效应参数。

Through solid fermentation process, the mixture of sodium humate, oilcake and rice husk are mixed with bacterial liquid and inorganic elemnt solution, the final mixture is formed to various shape and fermented in solid fermentation cylinder for 2-5 days before drying, natural drying and crushing.

采用固体发酵法，将腐植酸钠、油料饼粕和谷壳粉混合，按料液比1∶0.5～1.3，加入10～30％的菌液和40～100％的无机元素溶液，搅拌均匀后制成各种形状，再装入固体发酵罐发酵2～5天，干燥，自然冷却，粉碎。

The calculation methods are presented for the reflection and transmission of ultrasonic waves incident from the fluid on to the arbitrary orientation interface of the general anisotropic solid. It is found that the reflection and transmission coefficients depend on, in general, the elastic parameters of the media, orientation of anisotropic solid surface and incident angle.

考虑到由流体斜入射到各向异性固体时超声波模式转换的一般情况，给出了超声在流体和各向异性固体任意取向界面上反射和折射问题的求解方法；超声反射和折射系数是媒质弹性参数、界面取向及入射角的函数。

Mycelium bourgeoning test of solid culturing with liquid strain showed the optimum culture condition was as follows: 4d strain age, 10% inoculation quantity, stirring inoculation mode. Mycelia would overgrow 250ml culturing bottle within 1 week. Compared with traditional technique, the result showed that solid culturing with liquid strain by this means would reduce culture period greatly.

通过液体菌种固体栽培菌丝萌发试验，确定最佳液体菌种种龄为：摇瓶菌种6d，发酵罐菌种4d，接种量为10％，搅拌式接种，以这种方式进行固体栽培，1周内即可使菌丝于250ml培养瓶种发透，与传统方法比较，大大缩短了栽培周期。

Urogenital swabs were inoculated on the conventional solid media, new solid media and urea liquid media as such.⑤Synovial fluid, synovial-membrane biopsy samples, blood, urogenital swabs and pharyngal swabs from RA were examed the presence of mycoplasmas using culture and Polymerase Chain Reaction assay.

46例泌尿生殖道标本直接划在固体培养基表面后洗脱在Uu液体培养基和Mh液体培养基中；另20例标本直接划在无青霉素的固体培养基后洗脱在Uu液体培养基中。

Solid at room temperature, phosgene is a solid, relatively stable, even when boiling, only a small amount of decomposition, as a substitute for phosgene, not only low-toxic and easy to use, and the mild reaction conditions, good selectivity and high yield.

固体光气在室温下是固体，比较稳定，即使沸腾时，也仅仅少量的分解，作为光气的替代物，不仅毒性低，使用方便，而且反应条件温和，选择性好，收率高。

The shapes of the melting solid surface may be concave, convex or plane, while the perimeter of plane contact regions may be rectangular, circular, elliptical, parabolic and arc curve. The types of relative motion reviewed here are the movement of a solid PCM melting inside a heated capsule, the movement of a hot body through a melting solid medium, slide contact and rolling contact. The contact melting may be caused by temperature difference, pressure difference, friction and viscous heating. Finally, the research regions in the future are summarized.

内容包括各种形式的接触熔化，可归纳为：在接触形状上可以有凹、凸与平的面，而接触的周长可以是矩形、圆形、椭圆形、抛物线形与弧形曲线；相对运动的类型有固体相变材料在加热容器内熔化，加热体通过熔化固体介质的运动，滑动接触与滚、转动接触；引起接触熔化的原因有温差、压力差、摩擦与粘性热。

The preparation process of self-holing polyimide with organosilicon block includes the following steps: 1 the first reaction of polyacid anhydride in functionality not lower than 2, silicon oil with 2 or more amino or imino groups and polyamine with 2 or more amino groups, and the second reaction with one or several kinds of added isocyanate with 2 or more isocyanate radicals to produce sol of polyamido acid containing organosilicon block; 2 solidifying the sol to obtain solid polyamido acid containing organosilicon block; and 3 imidonating the solid to obtain self-holing polyimide with organosilicon block.

本发明公开了一种有机硅嵌段自发孔聚酰亚胺的制备方法，该方法包括以下步骤：(1)有机溶剂中具有大于或者等于2的酸酐官能团度的多酸酐与具有大于或者等于2的胺基或亚胺基的硅油以及具有大于或者等于2的胺基的多胺反应，随后添加一种或多种具有含有等于或者大于2个异氰酸酯基的异氰酸酯反应，生成含有机硅嵌段聚酰胺酸的溶胶。(2)溶胶固化制成有机硅嵌段聚酰胺酸固体。(3)固体亚胺化，即得有机硅嵌段自发孔聚酰亚胺。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失