围岩

The modeling test was carried out in a big water tank. The iron block was used to simulate the water-bearing body in working face and the water to simulate the surrounding rock mass of the roadway.

采用物理模拟方法，实验模拟是在大型水槽中进行，利用铁块模拟含水体，水模拟围岩。

So, the steel fiber reinforced concrete shotcrete is more suitable in large displacement conditions.

因此，钢纤维喷射混凝土作为初期支护更适合用在围岩大变形的场合。

It is important to reduce the span of the hard roof to avoid its impact load on supports. However, at longwall top coal caving face, the periodical weight of roof is a main factor that crushes the top coal, which is beneficial to the top coal recovery. How to use the roof pressure safely is of crucial importance in top coal caving. Based on field monitoring, theoretical analysis of strata movement, the numerical model of compound structure of hard roof stepped cantilever and the top coal cantilever beam is built, and the parameters of the model are also determined. The elasto-plastic finite element method is used to analyze the effect of hard coal fracture under the abutment pressure of hard roof, and the cracking coefficient is defined according to the stress state of the element.

通过对岩层移动的现场观测，建立了&两硬&条件综放采场台阶悬臂—悬臂梁组合的煤岩组合结构力学模型，并以此煤岩结构为基础，建立&两硬&条件综放采场顶煤压裂的有限元数值模型，分析了坚硬顶板不同来压步距对坚硬顶煤的压裂效应，并确定了合理的支架阻力，从而对坚硬顶板进行有效的控制，消除坚硬项板对采场的冲击隐患，同时保证采场矿压对坚硬顶煤的有效压裂，达到提高顶煤回收率之目的，由此形成了坚硬顶煤、坚硬顶板条件下综放采场围岩控制的基本理论和方法。

Based on unified strength theory, the unified solution of rock pressure under cave deformation was deduced.

基于统一强度理论，推导得出了硐室形变围岩压力的统一解，可以广泛适用于岩土类材料，修正的芬纳公式为其特例。

A recursive matrix method is adopted for computing the magnetic-current-source dyadic Green′s function in anisotropic media. The response of multi-component induction logging in layered and deviated anisotropic formation is simulated by using the obtained dyadic Green′s function. The influence of coil spacing, bed thickness, deviation angle and shoulder bed on the response is analyzed.

采用递推矩阵方法计算各向异性介质的磁流源并矢Green函数，并利用上述并矢Green函数对层状各向异性倾斜地层中多分量感应测井的响应进行数值模拟，分析了线圈距、层厚、倾角和围岩对多分量感应测井响应的影响。

In order to study the reasons and preventive measures of dynamic disasters such as shock bump and the destroy of rock mass in mining engineering resulted from the outburst of mash gas and coal during mining,stress-relieving measurement and temperature and confining pressure calibration were made with improved CSIRO cells at 4 measurement points in Datong mining area .

为了研究大同矿区在煤炭开采过程中煤和瓦斯突出形成的冲击地压、采矿工程围岩破坏等动力灾害的形成原因及其防治对策，采用改进型CSIRO空心包体应变计，对大同矿区进行了四个测点的应力解除测量实验以及室内温度标定和围压率定实验。

This paper studies the second Ventilated Shaft of Qinling Zhongnanshan tunnel in Xi an-Ankang freeway, and makes a research of the stability of the shaft surrounding rock through the construction process in different depth.

本文以西安-安康高速公路秦岭终南山隧道2#通风竖井为研究实例，以竖井开挖过程中围岩稳定性为主要研究对象，主要分析了开挖过程中，不同深度下竖井开挖对竖井同岩稳定性的影响。

Rockbolts which can make full use of the self-strength of rocks and soils around and enhance the load-supporting of rocks and soils and save the engineering materials are wildly used in the support of adjacent rocks of tunnels and reinforcement of roadbed and slopes, to be one of the most effective and economic support method in geotechnical engineering.

锚杆支护作为岩土体结构加固的一种常用方法，由于能充分调动锚杆周围的岩层自身强度，显著增强周围地层的承载能力，节约工程材料，从而成为解决岩土工程稳定性问题最经济、有效的方法之一，被广泛应用于隧道围岩支护、路基加固以及边坡稳定加固等岩土工程中。

A software for aided designing bolt of tunnel named ANSYSBOLT was designed on the basis of ANSYS finite element software. In the software environment, bolt supporting model of physical tunnel in tectonic stress field was structured according to physical parameters of coal and rock seam of some working face, and in conditions of different buried depth, bolt supporting structure and pre-tightening force, distributions of stress of surrounding rock of physical tunnel and its displacement were analyzed and calculated by ANSYSBOLT software. Then influence of different buried depth, bolt supporting structure and pre-tightening force on stability of roof and floor of tunnel was analyzed and finally feasible scheme of bolt supporting was gotten according to the analysis result.

在ANSYS大型有限元软件基础上开发了巷道锚杆辅助设计软件ANSYSBOLT；在该软件环境下，根据某工作面煤岩层的物理参数，建立了构造应力场条件下的实体巷道锚杆支护模型，并按照不同的埋藏深度、锚杆支护结构和预紧力条件，经软件分析计算，得出了实体巷道围岩应力及位移分布情况，进而分析了不同埋藏深度、锚杆支护和预紧力条件对巷道顶底板稳定性的影响，最终根据分析结果得出了可行的锚杆支护方案。

Cold places like cold stone substrate, transparency, quality nourish, low hardness, gloss strong line better varieties; soft ground nearly frozen to substrate, but the lack of transparency; just manner, then the hardness high, often with quartz quality of sand screw; hard the worst quality, hardness, opacity, gloss weak, often more impurities, and rock in the gravel. 3, defects, including impurities and cracks in the stone.

冻地的底质似冻石、透明度高、质细润、硬度低、光泽强，系较佳品种；软地的底质接近冻地，但透明度不足；刚地，则硬度偏高，常含石英质砂钉；硬地的品质最差、硬度大、不透明、光泽弱，常有较多杂质和围岩中的砂砾。3、瑕疵，包括石中的杂质和裂纹。

Plunder melds and run with this jewel!

掠夺melds和运行与此宝石！

My dream is to be a crazy growing tree and extend at the edge between the city and the forest.

此刻，也许正是在通往天国的路上，我体验着这白色的晕旋。