围岩

Differential equations of the corresponding deformations, turning angles and bending moments are deduced and the solutions of these models are given.

分析表明，管棚的最大挠度和最大剪力出现在掌子面附近已开挖未支护的部分，掌子面前方1.5~2.0倍开挖高度范围内的围岩有变形和松动。

The main environment geological question is: The earth"s crust where the faultage and earthquake are active is unstable; collapse , landslide, mud-rock flow and soil erosion ; The underground karst subsides, seepage question; Basic rock expand, expend and compress soil body, the salt deposit corrode out of shape and groundwater"s corrodent harm; The soft soil question of basin; The soft rock body, cracked rock and the weathering rock are relatively poor stability; High and cold regional highways and railways" frozen soils freeze and melt calamity problem; The around rock of tunnel are unstable because of the coal seam gas, spring water, underground developed area; Project cutting slopes, constructed abandon soil and reservoir, lake"s ecology geological environmental protection issue; Thedangerous shoal of the channel % submerged reef question; The problem of rebuilding channel project and dock etc.; And the problem of unstable ground and groundwater corrosivity during building airport; At the same time, with the international big pathways" implementation and completions of constructions, adjusting the cities and counties" constructions , the crowd occupy changing , the cultivated land distribute changing and the adjustments of structure, will cause local environmental geological issues outstanding; According to multiple statistical analysis , value calculate and integrated appraise result, in the northwest and southwest of Yunnan, the traffic relatively low density, traffic engineering is relatively weak impact on environment, It is the area where a environme

主要的环境地质问题是：活动性断裂、地震带的地壳不稳定；崩塌、滑坡、泥石流及水土流失；地下岩溶塌陷、渗漏问题；基础岩体膨胀、胀缩土体、含盐层侵蚀变形和地下水的腐蚀危害；盆地软土问题；软弱岩体、碎裂、风化岩体稳定性较差；高寒地带公路、铁路建设的冻土冻融灾害问题；煤层瓦斯、涌水、地下采空区等隧道围岩不稳定问题；工程切坡、施工弃土及水库、湖泊生态地质环境保护问题；航道险滩、暗礁问题；渠化工程、码头等库岸再造问题；以及机场建设中的不稳定地基及地下水腐蚀性问题；同时，随着大通道建设的实施和完成，城镇建设的调整、人群居落的变化和耕地分布及结构的调整组合，都可能造成局部环境地质问题的突出等等。经多元统计分析数值计算、综合评价结果，滇西北、滇西南地区交通密度较低，交通工程对环境的影响程度较弱，是环境地质状况好的区域；有主要高原湖泊分布区的，包括昆明、个旧、文山的滇东南区域，环境地质状况较好；大姚、楚雄、篙明及会泽、昭通一镇雄的区域，即滇中北部中生界红层和滇东北岩溶区，环境地质状况中等；而包括保山、德宏、大理、临沧的滇西地区及景东一墨江以东、双柏一石屏一河口以西及东川一寻甸一曲靖地段的滇中一滇东地区，环境地质状况较差。云南国际大通道建设涉及全省区域，如何利用地质环境、实现可持续发展，就必须依赖于国际大通道建设与地质环境之间良性关系的建立。应本着对区域地质环境客观存在的科学认识原则、建设过程中环境效益优先的可持续发展原则、法制性原则、对大通道建设中环境地质的因地制宜及其可防治性原则。并且从组织管理、不同类型大通道、不同环境地质问题类型等方面，提出了对策措施。最后，提出了建立国际大通道建设与环境地质良性关系的宏观建议。

The stresses and displacements of the crane beam are calculated when the counterfort columns (1.5 m or 5.0 m under the beam) are considered or not considered in class-Ⅲ and-Ⅳ surrounding rock.

分别计算了Ⅲ、Ⅳ类围岩设扶壁柱（梁下1.5m或5.0m）与不设扶壁柱的岩壁吊车梁结构的应力和位移。

Besides,the construction principle of tunneling and reinforcement in swelling country rock are summarized.

一般情况下，流变效应是普遍存在的，坚硬围岩的这种效应表现较弱，软岩表现

The test and study on loose rock country in tunnels is providing scientific basic for tunnels sustain.

开展围岩松动圈的测试研究，可以为巷道支护方法试验提供依据。

A thorough knowledge of the isotopic compositions of potential contaminants is essential for a proper evaluation of the role of country rock derived S in ore formation.

全面了解同位素组成的潜在混染对合理评价提供硫来源的围岩在矿石形成中的作用是非常必要的。

And the excavation of tunnels and underground engineering which continuously changes in time and space is a dynamic process. Therefore, research on the structural stability of country rock and support is meaningful and of practical significance to highway tunnel excavation.

隧道和地下工程的开挖是一个在时间和空间上不断变化的动态过程，因此对围岩与支护结构稳定性问题的研究具有一定的理论及实际意义。

Considering characteristics of Grotto Relics, the influence factors and dynamic finite element analysis methods on deformation stability grotto country rock are discussed.

针对石窟文物的特点，阐述了影响石窟围岩变形稳定性的主要因素和动力有限元分析方法。

The research results agree well with the results of field test of weak deep-sea valley.

研究结果表明，考虑流固耦合作用的数值模拟结果与现场监测、观测结果具有良好的一致性，进一步说明围岩、地下水以及相应的施工控制是海底隧道的三大核心技术要素。

The type of gold mine of the diabase belongs to a reforming type of gold mine.

桂西辉绿岩型金矿属改造型金矿，金主要来源于基性岩浆对围岩的混熔改造。

Plunder melds and run with this jewel!

掠夺melds和运行与此宝石！

My dream is to be a crazy growing tree and extend at the edge between the city and the forest.

此刻，也许正是在通往天国的路上，我体验着这白色的晕旋。