园林

According to the relative literature, this paper surveys the taxonomical adscription, the main botanic characters and ornamental characters of the Malus and Chaenomeles species which have been used or have potential applied value in landscape architecture, summaries the expressional forms of their culture, states their disposition and applied forms in the classical and modern landscape, points out the problems that lie in the development and application of them in landscape, raises the exploitation measures and forecasts the application prospect.

依据相关文献，概述了中国园林绿化中已经应用或有潜在应用价值的海棠树种资源的分类学归属、主要植物学特征和观赏特征，总结了海棠文化的内涵和表现形式，阐述了海棠树种在古典和现代园林中的配置方式和应用形式，指出了海棠树种资源在园林应用开发方面存在的问题，并提出开发对策，展望了应用前景。

With deeply study and detailed analysis of some works of famous landscape architects such as Dan Kiley , Peter Walker and Martha Schwartz, as well as some well-know modern landscape projects such as Parc Andre-Citroen and Parc de la Villette, this article explores how modern landscape design inherited and developed the great tradition of Le Notre's gardens in the western countries.

通过对西方著名风景园林师如丹·凯利、彼得·沃克和施瓦茨等人的一些作品、以及某些著名的西方现代园林实例如巴黎雪铁龙公园和拉·维莱特公园的深入研究和细致分析，探讨了西方现代风景园林设计是如何继承与发展勒·诺特尔式园林之优秀传统的。

The Chinese botanical garden completely is different, also does not ask the spool thread to be symmetrical, also does not have any rule to be possible to follow, on the contrary is actually the mountain surrounded by water hugs, winds windingly, not only flowers and plants trees, no matter what original condition of the nature, even if constructs artificially also as far as possible complies with the nature, but is irregular, makes every effort with the nature fusion.

而园林是人工创造的，他理应按照人的意志加以改造，才能达到完美的境地。中国园林则完全不同，既不求轴线对称，也没有任何规则可循，相反却是山环水抱，曲折蜿蜒，不仅花草树木任自然之原貌，即使人工建筑也尽量顺应自然而参差错落，力求与自然融合。关键词：中西方；园林艺术；人化自然

This article annotates on the concept of "Nature" and reflects on the view of nature in Chinese traditional gardens again.

对&自然&的概念加以诠释，重新反悟中国传统园林的&自然观&及其发展历程，能对中国传统园林有一更为深刻的认识，对于当前的园林建设会产生某种启示。

This article annotates on the concept of "Nature" and reflects on the view of nature in Chinese traditional gardens again. Its aim is to help promote deeper understanding of Chinese traditional gardens, and to produce some enlightenment to the present landscape construction.

对&自然&的概念加以诠释，重新反悟中国传统园林的&自然观&及其发展历程，能对中国传统园林有一更为深刻的认识，对于当前的园林建设会产生某种启示。

This article annotates on theconcept of "Nature" and reflects on the view of nature in Chinesetraditional gardens again. Its aim is to help promote deeperunderstanding of Chinese traditional gardens, and to produce someenlightenment to the present landscape construction.

对&自然&的概念加以诠释，重新反悟中国传统园林的&自然观&及其发展历程，能对中国传统园林有一更为深刻的认识，对于当前的园林建设会产生某种启示。

To the question that the garden nursery of Beijing exists at present, for instance: The unordered competition still exists in the garden nursery of Beijing, nursery stock market have situation, operation mechanism of disordered state can meet development of market economy , lack long-term nursery stock plan, shoot timber structure await and improve, the quality of the nursery stock can not be got, garden nursery scientific research consciousness is desalinized , still lacks the qualified personnel in a specific field with engineering level, soil resource to consume seriously etc..

针对目前北京市园林苗圃存在的问题，如：北京市园林苗圃仍然存在着无序竞争、苗木市场存在无序状态的情况、运营机制不能适应市场经济的发展、缺乏长远的苗木规划，苗木结构有待改善、苗木的质量得不到有效保障、园林苗圃科研意识淡化、仍然缺少具有技术水平的专业人才、土壤资源消耗严重等。

In this paper, the introduction of two Western medical gardens is hoped to provide some new design direction for Chinese landscape designers, which is that more attention should be paid to the landscape design of special space, such as hospitals, sanatoriums, and homes for the aged, and to the disadvantaged minority, especially the disabled, the aged, the sub-healthy people and patients.

通过对西方2个医疗性园林的介绍，希望可以为中国的风景园林师提示一些新的设计方向，即关注医院、疗养院、老人院等特殊空间的园林设计，要更多地关注弱势群体，尤其是那些残疾人、老年人、亚健康人群以及病人，为他们创造出宜人的、有助于康复的园林环境，帮助他们恢复健康、保持健康，把自然和人真正地联系起来，使人们重回&伊甸园&。

The interest-focused interactive landscape architecture is different from the natural scenery in that it attracts spontaneous public participation, leads the deep-thinking issues into the lives of the public, and naturally make human as the important component of the interactive landscape architecture.

注重情趣的互动园林不同于自然风景式园林，它吸引公众的自发参与，将很多需要深层次考虑的问题引入人们的生活，并且自然而然地将人作为互动园林的重要组成部分。

Ltd is a morden synghetic company which handling with grove works fostes、foster、landscape and salcs of grove machinery、tools、fire appliance.

上海越丰园林工程有限公司是专业经营绿化工程，养护、园艺景观、园林喷灌、园林设备及工具、消防器材及工程的综合性公司。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。