团的

It was found that the competition between cluster-cluster and cluster-surface interaction strongly affects the chemisorption configuration, and thus the film morphology.

发现团簇-团簇相互作用与团簇-表面相互作用的竞争显著地影响团簇在表面上的化学吸附组态，从而影响薄膜的结构。

The structures and stabilities of the ground-states for Cu13-nAgn clusters have been studied by Gupta model potential based on tight binding second moment approximation in combination with a genetic algorithm. It is found that the lowest energy structures of the pure clusters (n=0,13) are perfect icosahedron, and the structures for the bimetallic clusters (n=1～10) have stable structure which are slightly deformed with respect to the perfect icosahedron, The Cu atom prefers to occupy the center of the clusters with higher coordination numbers.

在混合团簇基态结构优化的遗传算法方案中增加了交换算子，结合Gupta紧束缚模型势研究了Cu13-nAgn团簇的最低能量结构，选择合适的交换和杂交概率，可有效地提高优化效率，优化结果表明，Cu13和Ag13是全对称的二十面体，n=1～10的混合团簇能形成稳定结构，其构型是在二十面体基础上发生畸变，Cu原子趋于处在团簇中心，随着Ag原子数目的增加，原子间的平均距离单调增加，团簇的结合能单调减小，Cu2Ag12和CuAg12只存在亚稳结构。

The equilibrium structure of the ionic cluster is very different in geometry from that of the neutral cluster.The results also revealed the significant difference between the two kinds of fragment ions and the corresponding neutral cluster.

研究结果表明：中性团簇最稳定构型为R－HNH2－HNH2(R∶1，4-二氧六环)，离子团簇由于发生质子转移，其构型与中性团簇有较大的不同，两类碎片离子R(NH3)＋和R(NH3)H＋与中性团簇R(NH3)的结构也有所不同。

The Teutonic Order was established in 1190 at the seige of Acre when it was apparent that the dominant knights Templar and knights Hospitalers failed to address the needs of German knights.

公元1190年，条顿骑士团创立于阿克里围城战期间，由于当时作为主要宗教武装的圣殿骑士团和医院骑士团已无法满足德意志骑士阶层的利益，条顿骑士团应运而生。

The results show that the perfect strength can be obtained under oxygen partial pressure about 20% O2, overhigh or low oxygen partial pressure is unfavorable for recrystallization of Fe2O3, which causes a decrease of pellet strength. The original hematite will be transformed into magnetite on reduction firstly when carbon-burdened hematite pellet is roasted in oxidizing atmosphere, and then the magnetite will be oxidized to secondary hematite, which is more active than original hematite, therefore, the induration strength of pellet is able to be enhanced.

研究结果表明：内配碳赤铁矿氧化球团在接近空气配比(氧含量约20%，体积分数)的氧化性气氛中焙烧强度最大，氧含量过高或过低都会影响Fe2O3的再结晶，使球团强度降低；在氧化性气氛中焙烧含碳赤铁矿球团时，原生赤铁矿先还原为磁铁矿，磁铁矿再氧化成活性较高的次生赤铁矿，提高了赤铁矿焙烧固结性能和球团强度。

Absorption spectra indicate that there is little or no interaction between chromphores in the ground state. However, the fluorescence emission of oxadiazole and triphenylamine moieties are almost quenched, which shows that in the excited ground state there exists very effective intramolecular singlet-singlet energy transfer .

研究发现，这些多发色团化合物在基态发色团之间没有作用或作用很小，而其中噁二唑和三苯基胺单元的荧光被严重的猝灭，这说明在激发态下，萘酰亚胺发色团与噁二唑、三苯胺功能团之间发生了分子内单线态—单线态能量转移。

Absorption spectra indicate that there is little or no interaction between chromphores in the ground state. However, the fluorescence emission of oxadiazole and triphenylamine moieties are almost quenched, which shows that in the excited ground state there exists very effective intermolecular singlet-singlet energy transfer.

研究发现，这些多发色团化合物在基态发色团之间没有作用或作用很小，而其中恶二唑和三苯基胺单元的荧光被严重的猝灭，这说明在激发态下，萘酰亚胺发色团与恶二唑、三苯胺功能团之间发生了分子内单线态－单线态能量转移。

The calculated results show that azido in azides has linear structure , the most optimized CaN6 has linear structure , and the most optimized (CaN6)n (n=2～5) clusters have chain structure of perpendicularity of approximate diamond composed by two azido with two Ca atoms . The middle N atoms of azido show positive, the N atoms at both ends of azido show negative, and the N atoms effected with Ca atoms directly show more negative . There is strong ionic bond between the Ca and N atoms. The IR spectra of the most optimized (CaN6)n (n=1～5) clusters have four vibrational sections , the whole strongest vibrational peak lies in 2195～2280cm-1,and the vibrational mode is anti-symmetric stretching vibration of N-N bonds in azido . Stability analysis show that (CaN6)3 and (CaN6)5 clusters are more stable than other clusters .

结果表明，叠氮化合物中叠氮基以直线型存在，CaN6团簇的最稳定结构为线型结构，(CaN6)n(n=2～5)团簇首先由两个叠氮基与两个Ca原子构成一个近似菱形，再由菱形相互垂直形成链状最稳定结构；叠氮基中间的N原子显示正电性，两端的N原子显示负电性，且与Ca直接作用的N原子负电性更强，金属Ca原子和N原子之间形成很强的离子键；(CaN6)n(n=1～5)团簇最稳定结构的IR光谱分为4个部分，其最强振动峰均位于2195～2280cm-1，振动模式为叠氮基中N-N键的反对称伸缩振动；稳定性分析显示，(CaN6)3和(CaN6)5团簇相对于其他团簇较为稳定。

The Teutonic Order was established in 1190 at the seige of Acre when it was apparent that the dominant knights Templar and knights Hospitalers failed to address the needs of German knights.

公元1190年，条顿骑士团创立於阿克里围城战期间，由於当时作为主要宗教武装的圣殿骑士团和医院骑士团已无法满足德意志骑士阶层的利益，条顿骑士团应运而生。

The whole contents were divided into six chapters. Chapter one is instruction, explains research motive and the purpose of study. In recent years the government vigorously promoted training policy of talented person -"A child has one kind of musical instrument; a school has a music mass organization." The result causes population increase that student play musical instrument in elementary school. Researcher has concentrated the string orchestra teaching in elementary school for many years. Researcher tries to provide the related information of string orchestra training by discussing this paper. That can help the promotion and development of the string education in elementary school.

本论文共分为六章，第一章绪论，说明本论文之研究动机与目的，基於近年来政府大力推广「一人一乐器，一校一艺团」之人才培训政策的结果，使得学习乐器的小学生人数增加，因此，笔者於多年来投注於国小弦乐团教学，拟藉此论文之研究讨论，提供弦乐团训练之相关资讯，以助於国小弦乐团教育之推广与发展。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。