回旋加速器

In this thesis, the beam dynamics inside the sector focused cyclotron and the general theory of its injection system are described in detail. The effects of space charge in sector focused cyclotron and spiral inflector are studied and calculated in two high intensity cyclotron's design.

本文比较系统地介绍了扇聚焦回旋加速器内部的束流动力学及其注入系统的一般理论，并结合两台具体的扇聚焦回旋加速器的设计讨论了在回旋加速器以及静电反射镜内空间电荷效应对束流的影响。

At the end of this chapter, two computer programs AOGRA_SCE and CINE〓_SCE used for space charge effect calculation are briefly introduced. In Chapter 3, the different injection methods for sector focused cyclotron and the different types of inflectors for axial injection are briefly described firstly. Then the reference particle's orbit and the optical property in spiral inflector, the most common-used injection method, are studied in detail.

在本章的第4节中，介绍了两台强流扇聚焦回旋加速器（50MeV-6mA H〓超导扇聚焦回旋加速器和17MeV-2mA H〓扇聚焦回旋加速器）的具体设计步骤和计算结果，讨论了这两台扇聚焦回旋加速器中加速轨道和相空间的传输以及空间电荷效应的影响。

Under the support from the CNSF, our group has been working on the accelerator scheme study based on the high intensity cyclotrons. The goal is to obtain beam power of 10 MW by a cascade of cyclotrons, e.g. 10 mA in beam current and 1 GeV in energy.

本基金项目开展了高功率强流质子回旋加速器的调研、方案研究和一些加速器物理问题的研究，也开展了研究内容相近的-散裂中子源的高功率质子加速器的研究，取得了多方面的研究成果。

The requirements and possibility for production of short-lived, neutron deficient radionuclides, for fast neutron therapy and activation analysis using cyclotrons are discussed briefly.

用回旋加速器来生产核医学所需的短寿命、缺中子同位素；用作为快中子治癌的中子源和用作活化分析工具，是回旋加速器在核医学领域中应用的主要方面。

his paper mainly introduces the research activities conducted in recent years at CIAE in the field of high intensity cyclotrons, and some critical technologies we have as well as the research progress to date. The technologies presented in this paper include high intensity cyclotron physics; production, adjustment and control of high intensity H-ions; advanced magnetic technique, high-power and high-stability RF technology, vacuum and comprehensive cyclotron experimentations, etc.

本文主要介绍了中国原子能科学研究院自2000年以来在强流回旋加速器领域的研究工作进展和到目前为止所掌握的一些强流回旋加速器的关键技术，内容涉及强流回旋加速器物理，强流负氢束的产生、调节、控制与诊断技术，先进磁工艺技术，大功率高稳定度高频技术，真空技术，回旋加速器综合试验技术等。

Even Lawrence, who became in later years the main driving force of big-machine physics, had similar problems when he started to build cyclotrons. In 1931 he had acquired for his newest cyclotron a huge magnet that weighed eighty-five tons, but he had no building big enough for it and so the cyclotron remained unfinished.

甚至劳伦斯这位后来的巨型加速器物理学领头雁在开始建造回旋加速器时也遇到同样的问题，1931年，他最新一代回旋加速器要求装配一块85吨重的巨型磁铁，但他做的不够大，因此那台回旋加速器一直没有完工。

An Energy Amplifier, which is composed of three cyclotrons, is one type of ADS. It will be used to produce 14.4 MW proton beam (12 mA, 1.2 GeV) and to operate a 1 500 MW nuclear reactor.

能量放大器是一个基于回旋加速器组合的ADS方案，由三级回旋加速器组成的加速器系统可以产生流强为12mA和能量为1.2GeV的质子束（束流功率14.4MW），用以驱动1500MW的核反应堆。

An Energy Amplifier, which is composed of three cyclotrons, is one type of ADS. It will be used to produce 14.4 MW proton beam (12 mA, 1.2 GeV) and to operate a 1500 MW nuclear reactor.

能量放大器是一个基于回旋加速器组合的ADS方案，由三级回旋加速器组成约加速器系统可以产生流强为12mA和能量为1.2GeV的质子束（束流功率14.4MW），用以驱动1500MW的核反应堆。

The accelerator physics problems of the upgrading program were discussed here, which include the space charge effect on the very low energy beam line, non-parity acceleration at the injector cyclotron SFC, longitudinal match between two cyclotrons, strong magnetic field leakage afluence on the beam transfer at low and very low energy, residual first harmonic magnetic field in the main cyclotron SSC injection region, the low efficiency and beam quality of heavy ions after through stripper etc.

主要问题有：超低能束流传输的空间电荷效应的影响，扇聚焦回旋加速器SFC高频加速电压不对称对束流轨道的影响，用半频聚束的方式补偿两台回旋加速器的纵向不匹配，前束线上聚束器的工作模式的选取，强杂散磁场对超低能和低能束流传输的影响，分离扇回旋加速器SSC注入区过垫补磁场对注入束流轨道的影响，SFC和SSC的单圈引出，重离子通过剥离膜后的束流损失和束流品质的变坏等。

The theory of medical runway microtron is expressed and its characteristics are compared with electron linear accelerator.

着重介绍了电子回旋加速器原理，重点介绍了跑道式电子回旋加速器的工作原理，并对电子回旋加速器和电子直线加速器的特点进行了比较。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。