四部分的

First scanning the known handwriting materials then number them ,In pretreatment, we convert the valid part of the image into a standard size, as images carries out duotone and go throw off chirp handling in order to achieve better effect.draw features from the known handwriting materials with the Co-occurence,especially,we divided a copy of handwriting into 25 little pieces with the size of 128*128 ,drawing features from every little piecese with four directions(0 degree, 45 degrees, 90 degrees as well as 135 degrees) and calculate the four major feature values( veins and the statistical quantity of veins contrast and the statistical quantity of veins consistency Shang the statistical quantity of statistical quantity as well as the veins correlation of gray scale ), preservation all the feature value that drawn from all known ma terials to the handwriting characteristic database,then input the unknown handwriting materials, also using the method of the Co-occurence to draw those features, recycling the minimum European Distance law match the unknown writing material feature value with the handwriting characteristic feature database, export the label of the known hand writing materials which is most similar to the unknown material with minimum European Distance, and then we can confirm who is the author of the unknown material.

首先将笔迹材料作为图象扫描输入，并对其进行编号。预处理部分可将笔迹图象的有效部分规范化到一个统一尺寸，接着对其进行二值化和去除噪声的处理，以便于更好的提取图像的特征。在此我们采用了灰度共生矩阵法提取手写笔迹材料的纹理特征，与以往有所不同的是，我们将一份手写材料分割成64块大小为80*80象素的子图象，每个小块都从四个方向（0度、45度、90度以及135度）来更全面的提取特征，并计算出四个最主要的特征值（纹理一致性的统计量、纹理反差的统计量、纹理熵的统计量以及纹理灰度相关性的统计量），将从所有已知材料提取的特征值保存到纹理特征库中，对于待检手写材料，同样采用灰度共生矩阵的方法提取其纹理特征，再利用最小欧氏距离分类法将从待检手写材料中提取的特征值与纹理特征库中的特征值进行比对，与欧氏距离比对值最小的相匹配，输出匹配成功的原材料的标号，进而识别出待检材料书写者的身份。

This paper falls into four branches: in the first part, the genesis of psychology is reviewed, which is the early philosophical understandings of selfness, and the overall constructs of Buddhist self-view and criticism of egocentrism; in the second part, self understanding of conventional psychology and the "false self view of Buddhism are discussed; in the third part, self understanding of postmodern psychology schools and the "selflessness view" of Buddhism are compared; and in the last part, the "true self of Buddhism is explored.

本文主要分为四个部分，第一部分探讨了心理学的源头，即早期哲学对自我的认识，及佛教对于我的总体认识，和佛教对自我实有观的批判。第二部分探讨了传统心理学对自我的认识及佛教的"假我"之说。第三部分探讨了后现代心理学派对自我的认识，以及佛教的"无我"观。

This paper is mainly divided into three parts:part one includes chapter one and chapter two,three,in which the concept,characteristic,establish,development and the important function of the Intellectual Property Rights are discussed;part two consists of chapter four,five,six,seven,in which the fundamental content of TRIPS Agreement and the distance of Chinese law are talked about in details;chapter eight is the third part,as the peroration.

本文共分三大部分：第一、二、三章构成本文的第一部分，主要介绍了知识产权的概念、特征、产生与发展以及其在经济增长中的的重要作用；第四、五、六、七章构成本文的第二部分，分别详尽论述了TRIPS协议的基本内容以及我国目前知识产权立法与TRIPS协议的差距，应采取的相应对策；第八章构成本文的第三部分，为结束语。

In the first chapter, the application background and the main algorithms of the complementarity problems is introduced. In Chapter 2, some basic definitions and theories of complementarity problems are introduced. The 3rd chapter is the most important part of this paper, in which a new class of smoothing Newton method is detailed, also the global and local superlinear convergence is established for the method. In the 4th chapter, we propose some numerical experiment, and the results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.

全文共分为四章，各部分内容安排如下：第一章是绪论部分，介绍了互补问题的应用背景和近年来有关互补问题求解方法的研究成果；第二章介绍了与互补问题相关的一些定义以及相关的定理和推论；第三章是本文的重点，构造了求解互补问题的一类光滑牛顿法，从理论上证明了算法的全局收敛性和局部超线性收敛性；第四章是数值实验，通过数值试验的结果进一步证明了算法的可行性和有效性。

This chapter berifly analyses the necesasity of Rural Elementary and Middle Schools Budget Compilation and put forward the paper motivation and research objiectives. Chapter two is Theory of Rural Elementary and Middle Schools Budget Compilation. Chapter three is Design of Rural Elementary and Middle Schools Budget Compilation.This chapter introduces the principles、process、main contents and ways in the Rural Elementary and Middle Schools Budget Compilation,and sets up the systermic framework in the research of Rural Elementary and Middle Schools Budget Compilation. Chapter four is reform in Rural Elementary and Middle Schools Budget Compilation.

本篇论文以理论为指导，以解决迫在眉捷的实际问题为目的，用四个部分论述了免费教育背景下的农村中小学预算编制：第一部分是论述其必要性、紧迫性和研究的意义及创新之处；第二部分是预算编制的理论基础；第三部分是预算编制的具体设计，分别从预算编制的原则、编制流程、主要内容和编制方法等方面进行系统设计，以期为推动改革提供可供借鉴的基本框架。

A review on the researches about co-enzyme NADH model compounds was given in the first part of this thesis. In the second part, some new synthetically useful reactions employing Hantzsch ester were discussed which are summarized as following (Scheme 1):Scheme 11 The selective reduction of the exocyclic double bond of the 4-arylmethylene- and 4-alkylidene-4H-isoxazol-5-ones and 4-arylmethylene-4H- pyrazol- 5-ones was achieved by using Hantzsch 1, 4-dihydropyridine as the reducing agent in ethanol.

论文包括两个部分：我们在第一部分对辅酶NADH模型化合物的研究作了综述，第二部分是反应研究，分为四章，我们发现和发展了辅酶NADH模型化合物—汉斯酯参与的几个具有合成价值的新反应和体系。

The results showed that: at metaphase I, the homoeologous chromosome pairing among different F1 hybrids ranged from 2.0 to 11.4 bi-valents formed by homoeologous chromosomes per pollen mother cell, and very few multivalents, and even very few bivalents were formed by two chromosomes within one genome rather than homoeologous chromosomes in some PMCs; at anaphase I, all biva-lents were disjoined and most univalents were divided.

结果表明在中期I阶段，这些杂种一代的近缘染色体联会变化很大，每个花粉母细胞中二价体形成的数目从平均2个到11.4个不等，甚至在某些花粉母细胞中，还发现极少的多价体和非部分同源染色体所形成的单基因组内二价体；在后期I时，所有的二价体分离，同时多数单价体也分离，分离的二价体和分离的单价体都移向两极，从而形成两组染色体；因为这时完整花粉母细胞中分离的二价体在两组染色体中总是对应出现，从而根据半二价体上染色体重组的位置可以分析在二价体的四分体时期发生在非姊妹染色体之间的多种染色体交换类型，如单交换、三线双交换、四线双交换、四线三交换和四线多交换。

The first part of this paper mainly intends to state the concept of the campus digitization; then the second part makes a simple statement on the present development situation computer network system and function enlargement of the contemporary campus network system; the third part isthe key point of this paper, which surround the practical subject----thedesign and plan of Weihai college network system digitization and study the network development from the angle of the connection between theory and practice; the fourth part states the design and plan of the campus network system digitization building from the application of the new technology and the achievement of the administration function two aspects; the fifth part studies the problem we find and discuss the further innovation and the future campus digitizations development direction according to the campus digitization building; the sixth part is a conclusion forecast the future information building of national education from the campus digitization.

本文第一部分主要针对数字校园的概念进行了阐述；然后在第二部分就计算机网络技术的发展现状以及现阶段校园网功能的拓展做了简单论述；第三部分是本文的重点，围绕威海职业学院数字化校园网络系统的规划设计建设这个实际项目，从理论联系实际的角度出发展开研究；第四部分则主要从新技术的应用以及管理功能的实现两方面对校园数字化建设规划设计进行了探讨；在第五部分，根据校园数字化建设探讨了未来数字校园的发展方向，并从发现的问题入手研究探索数字化校园的进一步发展更新；第六部分是对全文的总结，从校园的数字化展望未来国家教育的信息化建设。

Thus, the meiotic chromosome cofigurations showed that the tetraploids and hexaploids in C.reticulata allopolyploids, and the appearance of a few tetravalents in some populations might indicatehomology of chromosomes in different genomes to some extent.

根据减数分裂的构型，我们认为，四倍体和六倍体分别为异源四倍体和异源六倍体，少数四价体的存在表明染色体有部分同源性。

Usually need to focus on playing some games, such as pictures to find missing part (scissors only one blade, only one long rabbit ears, a small car wheels, etc.), four-person scramble a circular motion to sit three chairs,"three-guess a" or "a four-guess"(the table first and three or four toys toys, let him look at one minute, and then took a blindfold and opened his eyes and let him look less what pieces) and so on.

平时玩一些需要集中注意的游戏，比如看图找缺失部分（剪刀只有一扇刀片，兔子只有一只长耳朵、汽车少一个轮子等）、四人转圈抢坐三只椅子、&三猜一&或&四猜一&（桌子先放三件玩具或四件玩具，让他看一分钟，然后蒙上眼睛拿走一件，打开他的眼睛，让他看少了哪一件）等。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。