四维的

After getting these four line-of-sight vectors, we inverse these data in special observation coordinate based on space analytical geometry, then we can get the vector that has three components on every coordinate, this vector will be treated as the total wind profile in the three-dimensional observation field, the result of this four-point method can basically reflect all the spatial and temporal variation of the atmospheric wind.

在得到视线方向风速矢量后，从选定的三维观测坐标系对这四个矢量进行空间解析几何的运算，可得到观测坐标系的各坐标轴上四个测量矢量的各坐标分量的标量和。从而以这个在三个坐标轴上都有分量的矢量作为在观测视场内的总的风场的风速矢量。

In this thesis, we implement a computational procedure to categorize and classify 3-D objects from their contour under a simple environment. First, we use foreground detection, Canny edge detection and speedy GVF snake to obtain the object's contour. The contour is then used to establish the object's features. Two databases are built using methods which compute similarity by modified aspect-combination algorithm proposed by Cyr and Kimia and new proposed aspect-combination algorithm. By using these two databases, we recognize 3-D objects using four recognition methods and compare their performance. Finally, a conclusion is made that our newly proposed algorithm is better than the modified algorithm proposed by Cyr and Kimia.

在本论文中，对一个在单纯环境下的三维物体，由撷取到辨识出此物体做了一个完整的实现，首先，利用前景侦测结合肯尼边缘侦测法和加速的梯度向量流动态轮廓侦测法，来得到物体轮廓，接著利用此轮廓找寻出物体的特徵，然后配合计算相似度的方法，代入修改后的Cyr and Kimia的外观结合演算法（aspect-combination algorithm）和新提出的外观结合演算法去建资料库，然后，对於三维物体则依据两种不同方法所建出的资料库，利用四种辨识的方法来辨识并比较其结果，最后得出新提出的外观结合演算法是优於修改后的Cyr and Kimia的外观结合演算法的结论。

The accelerated algorithm of volume rendering based on textures mapping and the wavelet-based multiresolution volume rendering in network are performed by using OpenGL 3D visualization technique. From the point of view of computer graphics, 3D visualization mechanism of volume rendering based on OpenGL textures mapping is studied, including modelview transformation, projection transformation, perspective division, viewport transformation and the ways to embed textures mapping and blending in above four transformations.

利用OpenGL三维可视化技术实现了本文所提出的基于纹理映射的体绘制加速算法和网络环境下基于小波的体数据的多分辨率体绘制，并从计算机图形学的角度，研究了基于OpenGL纹理映射技术的体绘制的三维可视化流程，包括OpenGL的模视变换、投影变换、透视除法、视区变换，以及纹理的定义、映射与融合等步骤在上述四个变换中的嵌入方法。

Chapter 1 gives the background,current research process of relatedproblems and summarizes this thesis\'s work.In chapter 2,we study the Brownian motion with holding and jumping on the boundary.We use the resolvent method to obtain the infinitesimal generator because the domain of the infinitesimal generator is essentially the same as the range of the resolvent.Knowledge of this range and of the differential operator determines uniquely the infinitesimal generator.Since the semigroup generated by the DHJ is not strongly continuous,to use the nice property of strongly continuous semigroup in analytic theory,in chapter 3 we show that the dual is strongly continuous and derive ergodicity through spectral radius formulas and finally obtain the ergodic theorem by duality. In chapter 4,we discuss a class of a more general process---one dimensional Feller diffusion proposed by W.Feller in 1954.The Feller diffusion allows the possibility of jumps from boundary to boundary,not only from boundary to the interior.We give the stationary distribution of this process.

具体地，本文的结构如下：第一章给出了问题产生的背景，研究现状及本文的主要工作；第二章研究了在边界上逗留后随机跳的布朗运动，我(来源：3dABC论文网www.abclunwen.com)们用预解算子的方法得到其无穷小生成元，因为无穷小生成元的定义域本质上就是预解算子的值域，知道这个值域和微分算子形式就能唯一地决定无穷小生成元；由于DHJ过程产生的半群不是强连续的，为利用强连续半群的一些漂亮性质，在第三章中我们证明其对偶半群是强连续的，然后由谱半径公式得到遍历性并且最后由对偶得到遍历定理；第四章讨论了Feller在1954年引入的更广的一类过程----一维Feller扩散过程，Feller扩散过程允许有从边界到边界的跳发生，即不仅仅局限于从边界到内部的跳，在这一章中，我们给出了一维Feller扩散过程的平稳分布；在第五章，我们讨论了一些相关的问题，给出了DHJ过程对应的PDE问题及特征值与收敛速度的关系。

In Chapter 4, A detailed comparison between the realization of Cholesky decomposition and OR method is given, a systolic/wavefront array made of general purpose DSP is used to realize the adaptive beamforming at a moderate speed, and a wavefront array to extract the adaptive weights which is necessary in some applications is designed. In Chapter 5, the author proposed a new structure to realize the space time adaptive processing. First 1~q using the FFr and the truncating infinite sequence and sone optimizing method, a much simpler architecture can be acquired in realizing the three portion of channel processing: quadrature sampling, pulse compression and adaptive equalization.

第五章研究并提出了用全通用DSP模块设计空时二维自适应信号处理机的新方案，首先用快速付立叶变换和对长序列截断处理的重叠保留法以大大减少的运算量完成了处理机通道处理部分的正交插值、脉压、自适应均衡三个功能块的长阶数线性卷积运算，接着对自适应波束形成提出了多种实现方案，分析了多种方案下的运算量和设备要求，指出在不同通道数、不同数据吞吐率、不同自适应要求时这几种方案有不同的可行度和实现难度，并针对实际要求确定了一种运算田N、的实现方案，对自适应波束合成部分的大量贝玉以良元组咸肋冈络结拘和处凰闺和羽凶挝娠昨了优化设计以威少设备复杂性，构成了设备量大夕父伯小、们g团回高、辜于生回阴田闩引愧快的空时二维自适囱戏升引毗四机。

As one part of the project, the dissertation is developed with thelocalization problem in mobile robot navigation. Combined with "MobileRobot 1 of Central South university (MORCS-1)", a mobile robot designed byus that equipped with a 2D laser measurement system to sense the environmentand the proprioceptive sensors such as the odometry, gyroscope to calculate itsdead reckoning, the approach about the four kind uncertainty factors of mobilerobot localization is studied. These researches include that the error analysisand calibration of position sensors is implemented to reduce the measurementnoise, the 3D kinematic model of mobile robot is built to gain the accuratepose in complex terrain, some work on the automatic detection of static ordynamic obstacles based on laser scanner is investigated to eliminate thedynamic influence of the environment and to realize the reliably absoluteposition, and lastly a robust algorithm is presented to involve the incrementalenvironment mapping and self-localization of mobile robot with unknown dataassociation and to improve the self-localization performance of mobile robotunder unknown environment.

作为该项目研究的一部分，本论文以移动机器人导航中的定位问题为研究内容，利用自行研制的装配有二维激光雷达环境感知系统，并通过里程计、陀螺仪等内部传感器来实现航迹推测的移动机器人"中南移动1号MORCS-1"，重点围绕影响移动机器人系统定位的四类不确定性处理展开研究：通过移动机器人定位传感器的误差分析及校准，旨在消除传感器噪声所带来的测量误差；通过建立移动机器人的三维运动学模型进行航迹推测，以期实现复杂地形下精确的移动机器人本体姿态感受；通过基于激光雷达的动静态障碍的自主检测等相关研究，尽量消除环境的不确定因素影响进而实现可靠的移动机器人绝对定位；通过以上研究，针对未知数据关联下移动机器人增量式环境建图与自定位的研究提出一种鲁棒的滤波算法，改善未知环境中移动机器人自定位的性能。

The complexes areneutral as shown by values of molar conductivity in aqueous solution, namely,〓 The crystal structure determinations show that, in complexes, metal ions werecoordinated by four nitrogen atoms and form slightly distorted square planar configuration,relationship between fluorene ring plane and coordination plane is similar to those betweenpeptide planes of β-folding in proteins. The complex molecules linked by hydrogen bonds formone dimension chain or two dimension network structure.

摩尔电导测定表明他们都是二氧四胺中酰胺氮去质子化后形成的产物。X-射线衍射晶体结构测定表明〓的铜、镍配合物的配位多面体都是稍微畸变的平面正方形，配合物分子中芴基平面与配位平面的关系类似于蛋白质β-折叠结构中肽平面之间的关系，配合物分子之间通过氢键连接成一维链状或二维网状结构。

Through the analysis of intake valve exit three dimensional flow field and its angular momentum flux of four valve diesel engine under different plans, the law of in cylinder air angular momentum flux by the influence of disturbance between two intake ports was discovered.

利用测得的四气门柴油机气门口三维流场，分析了进气门出口流场产生的缸内空气动量矩流率，揭示了四气门柴油机两进气道的相互干扰对缸内空气动量矩流率影响的变化规律。

At the beginning of the thesis, the structure of usually used radome is introduced and the parameters of electromagntic characters are described in Chapter Ⅰ; the different methods for analysis of the electromagnetic characters of radome are summarized in Chapter Ⅱ; the propagation of 3-D beam in free space is conducted in Chapter Ⅲ; then in Chapter Ⅳ, the 3-D Complex Ray Theory are analyzed and the characters of transmitted field of sum and difference beams through radome are studied, and the relative formulations of calculation are rekened; at last the electromagnetic characters of the ellipsoidal sandwich radome and the plane single-layered radome are discussed, and suggestions for optimization of electromagnetic properties of radome are given.

本文第一章介绍了常用雷达罩的结构和描述雷达罩电磁特性的参量，第二章概述了目前分析雷达罩电磁特性所采用的各种方法，第三章分析了三维波束在自由空间传输特性，第四章研究了三维复射线理论，并应用它分析了单脉冲和差波束穿过雷达罩透射场的特性，导出了有关计算公式，在第五章，通过大量的数值计算和实验研究，讨论了椭球形三层夹心状实用雷达罩和单层介质平板模拟雷达罩的电磁特性，并提供了雷达罩电气特性优化的建议。

Called upon to undertake the duties of the first executive office of our country, I avail myself of the presence of that portion of my fellow-citizens which is here assembled to express my grateful thanks for the favor with which they have been pleased to look toward me, to declare a sincere consciousness that the task is above my talents, and that I approach it with those anxious and awful presentiments which the greatness of the charge and the weakness of my powers so justly inspire.

汤马斯。杰佛逊是《独立宣言》、《维吉尼亚宗教自由法令》、一七八四年与一七八五年西部土地法，以及其它大批官方文献的起草人，他一度担任维吉尼亚州州长、驻法大使、国务卿以及美国副总统，并于一八○○年当选为美国总统。杰佛逊是所有鼓吹民主信仰的美国人之中辩才最健的一位，他把崇高的理想与广泛的实际情况结合在一起：他是一位学者、科学家、建筑师、民主党创始人，同时也是注重实际的政治家。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。