四线的

The diffraction theory of Kirchhoff is applied to the four-pinhole aperture diffraction screens, the intensity, the zero-contour of the real and imaginary parts of complex amplitude and the phase distribution in deep Fresnel diffraction region are simulated, and it is found that the bright spots in interference field show central symmetry distribution. When the observation plane close to the diffraction screen, the zero-value points of light intensity can form line segment, on which the eccentricities of the light intensity isoline are close or equal to 1, the intensity changes very fast on both sides of the zero-line of light intensity.

利用基尔霍夫衍射理论计算了四圆孔径衍射屏在菲涅尔深区形成的的干涉光场的强度、零值线和相位的分布，发现干涉光场亮斑关于中心呈对称分布，在距离衍射屏较近的观察面上，光强值为的零点组成光强零值线段，该线段上光强等值线的离心率都接近或等于1，其两侧的光强值变化非常剧烈。

The error source of CMM is complex, and the current main research is its geometric error. In the paper, 21 items of geometric error are measured accurately, simply and fast with the 2-D laser interferometer and four quadrants photo detector. The measurement gets rid of measuring so many lines and several diagonal lines in linear displacement method, and also solves the question that error measure of large-scale CMM can not be measured with 1-D ball array and ball plate conveniently.

坐标测量机的误差源纷繁复杂，当前主要研究的是其几何误差，课题中研究了一种采用二维激光干涉仪和四象限光电探测器相结合的测量方法，对三坐标测量机的21项几何误差进行了准确、简便、快速的测量，摆脱了线位移法测量直线过多且包含多条对角线测量的弊端，同时也解决了一维球列和球板不方便检测的大型测量机的误差检测问题。

He had besides the things before mentioned, twelve marbles, part of a jews-harp, a piece of blue bottle-glass to look through, a spool cannon, a key that wouldn't unlock anything, a fragment of chalk, a glass stopper of a decanter, a tin soldier, a couple of tadpoles, six fire-crackers, a kitten with only one eye, a brass door-knob, a dog-collar-but no dog-the handle of a knife, four pieces of orange-peel, and a dilapidated old window sash.

除了以上提到的那些玩意以外，还有十二颗石头子；一只破口琴；一块可以透视的蓝玻璃片；一门线轴做的大炮；一把什么锁也不开的钥匙；一截粉笔；一个大酒瓶塞子；一个锡皮做的小兵；一对蝌蚪；六个鞭炮；一只独眼小猫；一个门上的铜把手；一根拴狗的颈圈——却没有狗——一个刀把；四片桔子皮；还有一个破旧的窗框。

In You Jin's work, Chaotic Code include the following meanings: first, color, light and lines are the main language characteristics, and the precise, ordered and mechanical depicting techniques stand out the random order and weaken traditional pictorial expression; second, in objective representation of images, garbled symbols emphasize a certain unreal sense of subjective construction with the representation of transient images; third, the atmosphere of the picture represents sublimation and ballyhack, bustling, calm and gloomy, which emphasizes the stimulation of visual sense; fourth, the subject of chaotic code indicates floweriness, change, and grotesque idea, implying that the hidden trouble of danger, horror, unsteadiness and peril potentially exists in the rapid developments of current society and the advancement of technical information.

看由金的作品，"乱码"包含了以下意义：一，在语言特征上，以色彩、光、线为主，以严谨、有序、机械的刻画手法，呈现乱中有序的特点，削弱了传统绘画性表现；二，在表现物象上，以虚幻的影像呈现，强调一种主观营造的非现实感觉；三，画面氛围，呈现着绚丽繁华、冷静沉郁、升华毁灭的氛围，强调视觉感官的刺激；四，表达主题，营造一种绚丽繁华、瞬息万变、光怪陆离的表象，暗示当代社会的快速发展及科技资讯的发达，潜在地存在着危险、恐怖、不稳定、不安全等的隐患。

By Llibre's algebraic invariant theory, at first on the basis of classification for quadric and quadric homogeneous binary polynomial, the plane linear and cubic homogeneous polynomial differential systems are classified.

利用Llibre的代数不变式理论，首先由二元二次和二元四次多项式的分类结果，对一次和三次齐次多项式微分系统进行代数分类，同时补充了已有结果中出现的漏洞；其次，由称共变张量空间的性质，对缺二次项的三次微分系统在保证轨线走向不变的前提下进行代数分类，使分类后同类系统的示性多项式有相同零点；最后通过讨论一类简单系统的有界性说明了分类的方便方处。

This thesis is divided into six parts. The first chapter is preface, the current status of research in the inverse problems for parabolic partial differential equations is reported; the second chapter is "regularization methods for numerical differentiation and their applications ", in this chapter we investigate many regularization methods from a viewpoint of regularization theory and algorithm, some applications in the inverse problems for parabolic partial differential equations are given; the third chapter is "spectral regularization methods". Based on Fourier analysis, within the framework of regularization theory, we apply the spectral methods to some ill-posed problems. Many numerical experiments are done in order to show the validity of the methods; the fourth chapter is devoted to wavelet dual least squares method and a revised wavelet method; in the fifth chapter,we combine finite difference method with method of lines and apply it to the backward heat conduction problem in time; in the sixth chapter "identification problems for unknown source ", the essence and the degree of two problems related to source identification are pointed out, at the same time, some numerical methods are reported.

本文分为六个部分，第一章前言简要分析了国内外抛物型偏微分方程反问题的研究现状；第二章数值微分的正则化及其应用从正则化理论和算法的角度出发，考察了许多正则化方法，还给出了数值微分在抛物型偏微分方程反问题的一些应用；第三章谱正则化方法是在Fourier分析的基础上，在一般正则化理论的框架下，给出了这种方法在各种不适定问题中的应用，数值实验表明谱方法是有效的；第四章研究了小波对偶最小二乘方法和改进的小波方法；第五章主要研究了有限差分方法结合线方法在时间反向热传导问题中的应用；第六章是未知源识别问题，主要指出了两类未知源问题的不适定程度和不适定本质，同时报告了一些数值方法。

Main contents of the second chapter "art words methods" are introduction of art words, basic writing skills and originality design of chinese and western characters, etc. Main contents of the third chapter "basic components of plane" are spot, strokes and spaces, etc. Main contents of the fourth chapter "format and rules of plane" are symmetry and balance, repitition and group tendency, rhythm and cadence, comparision and change, consonance and unification, breakthrough and variance, etc. Main contents of the fifth chapter "basic design of space of a whole page" are gridding system, visual process of space design, word editing, graph space design, etc. Main contents of the sixth chapter "color planning" are color introduction, surface color system, color and visual psychology, color planning, etc. Main contents of the seventh chapter "plane advertisment design" are newspaper and magazine advertisment design, outdoor and POP advertisment design, etc.

第二章"美术字技法"的主要内容有美术字概说、中外文字体的基本写法、中/外文字体的创意设计等；第三章"平面构成的基本要素"的主要内容有造型基本要素如点、线、面等；第四章"平面构成的形式法则"的主要内容有对称与平衡、重复与群化、节奏与韵律、对比与变化、调和与统一、破规与变异等；第五章"基础版面设计"的主要内容有网格系统、版面设计的视觉流程、文字编排、图形的版面设计等；第六章"色彩计划"的主要内容有色彩概论、表色体系、色彩与视觉心理、色彩设计等；第七章"平面广告设计"的主要内容有报刊广告设计、户外广告设计、 POP 广告设计等。

Stamens inserted at corolla base; filaments distinct, threadlike, alternate with minute teeth; anthers connivent, adnate to stigma head, appendages membranous; pollen tetrads in solitary masses in each anther cell, pollen carriers erect; retinaculum minute, dilated at base.

在花冠基部着生的雄蕊；离生的花丝，线状，互生的具小牙齿；靠合的花药，贴生于柱头头状花序，附属物膜质；在每间花药小屋，花粉搬运工直立里的在单生群众里的四合花粉； retinaculum小，膨大的在基部。

Based on the load transmission mechanism of space truss, and referenced theanalysis of test materials, a formula for calculating the bearing capacity of reinforcedconcrete compression strut is introduced. By using the theory of plastic hinge-line, anupper limit solution of bent bearing capacity for four-pile cap, which coincidesprecisely with the practical measurements, is obtained. By utilizing the reaction ofthe soil under cap and by basing on the method of plastic ultimate analysis, an upperlimit solution of punching shear bearing capacity for pile cap is acquired, which. coincides precisely with the practical measurements, and the formula is similar to thecode.A brief discuss on cooperative work of strip beam of foundation and single rankof piles is made. Separately considering the pile-cap and the pile-group, thencoupling their matrix of rigidity, the inner force of pile-cap is solved by the numericalmethod under some reasonable supposition. In comparison with other method, thecalculating results are exact, reliable and convenient in using. The method provides apowerful tQol fOr further analysis and research on this kind of structure.

本文以空间桁架传力机理为基础，结合试验资料分析，推导了钢筋混凝土等边三桩承台受冲切承载力计算公式；根据塑性铰线理论，导得了与试验结果吻合良好的四桩承台受弯承载力的上限解；利用承台底土反力分布，根据塑性极限分析方法，导得了桩基承台受冲切承载力的上限解，在此基础上，通过简化假定，得到与规范公式相类似的承台受冲切承载力实用公式，该公式能方便考虑台底土反力作用，与试验结果的吻合程度比规范公式好；简要讨论了桩基条形承台梁与单排桩的协同工作分析；在一些合理假定的基础上，将承台与群桩分开考虑，分别得到其刚度矩阵后进行耦合，通过数值方法求解承台内力，算例表明，该方法结果准确，使用方便，为该类结构的进一步分析研究及工程设计提供了强有力的工具。

He had besides the things before mentioned, twelve marbles, part of a jews-harp, a piece of blue bottle-glass to look through, a spool cannon, a key that wouldn't unlock anything, a fragment of chalk, a glass stopper of a decanter, a tin soldier, a couple of tadpoles, six fire-crackers, a kitten with only one eye, a brass doorknob, a dog-collar -- but no dog -- the handle of a knife, four pieces of orange-peel, and a dilapidated old window sash.

除了以上提到的那些玩意以外，还有十二颗石头子；一只破口琴；一块可以透视的蓝玻璃片；一门线轴做的大炮；一把什么锁也不开的钥匙；一截粉笔；一个大酒瓶塞子；一个锡皮做的小兵；一对蝌蚪；六个鞭炮；一只独眼小猫；一个门上的铜把手；一根拴狗的颈圈――却没有狗――一个刀把；四片桔子皮；还有一个破旧的窗框。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。