四相点

A plane figure consisting of four points, no three of which are collinear, connected by straight lines.

四边形，四角形由四个角组成的平面图形，没有任何三个点共线，通过直线相连接

Mathematics A plane figure consisting of four points, no three of which are collinear, connected by straight lines.

四边形，四角形：由四个角组成的平面图形，没有任何三个点共线，通过直线相连接

In metastable equilibrium phase diagram of quinary system Li+, Na+, KV/C032, B4O72 -H2O at 288K, there are six crystallization fields (saturated with Li2CO3): K2CO3 -3/2H2O, Na2CO3 MOHjO, NaKCO3 -6H2O, K2B4O7 5H2O, Li,B2O4 -16H2O and Na2

五元体系Li~+，Na~+，K~+∥CO_3~(2-)，B_4O_7~(2-)—H_2O 288K稳定相图中，有六个Li_2CO_3饱和的结晶区：K_2CO_3·3／2H_2O，K_2B_4O_7、·4H_2O，Na_2CO_3·10H_2O，Na_2B_4O_7·10H_2O，NaKCO_3·6H_2O及Li_2B_4O_7·3H_2O；九条单变度曲线及四个无变度点。

The latter three strategies are new and also the paper's three innovative points. First of all, appeal the law to prohibit reversed payment, unify this with the BOLAR exception, and promote the drugs into the market as soon as possible. Secondly, put the public health, medicine patent and the IPRs protection of traditional knowledge and the genetic resources together. Through giving the traditional knowledge and the genetic resources IPRs protection to treat the developed countries' medicine patents, they can settle the public health crisis. Finally, the legal mechanism of Prior Consent is a new strategy that Brazil proposed for the purpose of protecting the public health, which divides the examination of patent applications for pharmaceutical products and processes between two federal agencies, National Institute of Intellectual Property and National Sanitary Supervision Agency. ANVISA has the obligation to render the final decision, granting or denying a patent.

其中前四种措施是国际社会上一直以来倡导的主要措施，后三种是新的解决公共健康危机的法律措施，其创新点在于：第一，呼吁将禁止反向支付纳入法律，并与BOLAR例外相结合使用，促进仿制药品的尽快上市；第二，将公共健康、医药品专利以及传统知识和遗传资源的知识产权保护三者紧密相连，通过对传统知识和遗传资源予以知识产权保护来应对发达国家的医药品专利；第三，&事先同意&法律制度是巴西提出的一种旨在保护公共健康，应对医药专利的新的法律制度，该制度规定凡是涉及医药品专利的申请都必须经过国家知识产权局和国家公共卫生监督局的公共审查，并且国家公共卫生监督局有是否授予专利的最终决定权。

Form macro and microlevel ,the forming of the medicine industrial cluster of Tonghua have four level, Themedicine industrial cluster is the main important factor that promotes thedevelopment of the economy in Tonghua.

本文从该点入手，运用网络分析法和企业访谈法相结合的方法，从静态和动态两个方面分析了通化医药产业集群形成的四个阶段，并分析各阶段的基本特征。

Methods The determination was carried out over a Symmetry C18 column at 25℃. Methods tetrahydrofuran: 0.2% citric acid (14∶1∶85) was used as mobile phase at a velocity of 1 ml.min-1 and the detection wavelength was set at 360nm. ResultsRutin was found in SFE extract of Sparganium Stoloniferum.

方法在聚酰胺膜上点样，以80%乙醇作为展开剂鉴别芦丁，采用Symmetry C18色谱柱，以乙腈-四氢呋喃-0.2%枸橼酸（14∶1∶85）为流动相，柱温25℃，在流速为1.0 ml.min-1，360 nm的检测波长下，测定芦丁含量。

Methods tetrahydrofuran: 0.2% citric acid (14∶1∶85) was used as mobile phase at a velocity of 1 ml·min-1 and the detection wavelength was set at 360nm. ResultsRutin was found in SFE extract of Sparganium Stoloniferum.

方法在聚酰胺膜上点样，以80%乙醇作为展开剂鉴别芦丁，采用Symmetry C18色谱柱，以乙腈-四氢呋喃-0.2%枸橼酸（14∶1∶85）为流动相，柱温25℃，在流速为1.0 ml·min-1，360 nm的检测波长下，测定芦丁含量。

By employing the Jordan-Wigner transformation and a modified mean field method, we are able to determine its ground-state quantum phase diagram approximately. The chapter IV is the main part of this Thesis. It contains the main innovations in our work. We propose and study in detail a S=1 Ising chain with the interplay of single-ion anisotropy and dimerization. The main results and innovations are the following: We show that the total number of the zero-component of spins at each site is a conserved quantity. This quantity, which may intuitively called as hole's quantum number, is hidden in the system. We show further that the hole's number in the ground-state is zero; By using the Jordan-Wigner transformation, we map this model onto a series of subsystems described by the spin 1/2 dimerized transverse Ising model. We solve the subsystems exactly, by presenting the exact wave functions and spectra;We show that this system exhibits a series of quantum phase transitions by varying the dimerization strength. We determine the quantum critical points exactly. We also show that the criticality is the same as that of the uniform S = 1/2 transverse Ising chain.

第四章是本文的重点及主要创新内容，我们具体研究了自旋为1的在横向单离子晶格场中的一维二聚化Ising链，我们得到的主要结果和创新之处是：(1)证明了这一模型具有一种隐藏的对称性，即自旋第三分量为零的格点数目是一个守恒量，并证明基态出现在空穴数目为零的子空间中；(2)利用Jordan-Wigner 变换将此模型变换到一系列自旋为1/2的横磁场中的二聚化Ising 模型，并给出了相应严格的波函数及能谱；(3)我们发现系统的基态随着二聚化强度的变化将呈现出一系列量子相变，我们得到了量子临界点的精确位置，并证明其临界性质与自旋为1/2的横磁场中的均匀Ising 链中的临界行为属于同一普适类。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。