四对的

This article outlines the progress of ancient Chinese lenses from the Pre-Qin Period to the Five Dynasties, and discusses mainly two arguments: First, the"yangsui" recorded and narrated in Lun Heng by Wang Chong of Eastern Han Dynasty may be a plano-convex glass lens; secondly, the"four mirrors" recorded and narrated in Tanzi Hua Shu by Tan Qiao of Southern Tang Dynasty may be a plano-convex lens, a biconvex lens, a transparent planeparallel plate and a concave-convex lens respectively, but what kind of tra...

本文概述了中国古代透镜从先秦到五代的发展进程，着重从古代文献和出土文物的研究出发，结合中国古代社会经济发展水平，论证了东汉王充《论衡》中记述的阳燧可能是玻璃平凸透镜；论证了南唐谭峭的《谭子化书》中记述的"四镜"可能是平凸透镜、双凸透镜、平光镜和凹凸透镜。作者认为《谭子化书》"四镜"段可能实际上是对中国古代透镜发展的阶段性总结。

The scales of "Sorbonne","Mera star","Siberia","Tiber" were used to study systematically soilless cutting skills of Oriental lily from pretreatment of scales, cutting medium to nutrition solution. The results indicated:① using broken dormancy bulbs which experienced disinfection and exposing could prevent it from rot and enhance propagation index;② There is no difference among four varieties on information of bulblet, so all four varieties can be propagated bulbs though cutting.

本试验以东方百合索蚌、残星、西伯利亚、泰伯四个品种的鳞片为材料，分别从鳞片的预处理、扦插或催芽基质的筛选、20—22℃室温下催芽、营养液选配等几方面对东方百合无土扦插的技术措施作以系统研究，结果表明：①用打破休眠的种球，并通过破球、消毒、晾晒处理，有效的防止了扦插过程中鳞片的腐烂，提高了繁殖系数；②东方百合鳞片也有扦插分生小子球的潜能，四个品种之间分生子球的差异不显著，因此它们都可以用扦插方法繁殖种球。

The full article divides into four parts. The first part is focusingon Shang De Yi, the composer's whole life and his achievementintroduction. The second part carries on the analytical research to hiswork's characteristics, including his work's theme choice characteristics,the cantus personality characteristics, several ...更多counterpoint skillmethods characteristics, the song type structure characteristics andthen several aspects of coloratura special features. The third partmainly investigates the esthetics values from analyses the work Thelast part summarizes the composer's creations experiences and theauthor's feelings and enlightens

全文共有四部分，第一部分，作曲家尚德义的生平及创作成就介绍，第二部分对他的作品特点进行分析研究包括他作品的题材选择特点、旋律性格特点、多声技法特点、曲式结构特点和作品的花腔特色几方面进行分析研究；第三部分主要是从分析其作品来考察其所体现的美学思想和原则，第四部分结语，总结作曲家的创作经验及写作本文的感受和启示。

Now that I have, not without difficulty, elucidated some tricky problems - who and what is worthy of the aulic vernacular, as well as which form I consider worthy of such honour as, alone, to be suited for the vernacular at its highest - I wish, before moving on to other matters, to enquire thoroughly into the canzone form, which many clearly employ more at random than according to the rules; and since, so far, all this has been taken for granted, I will now throw open the workshop of that art (leaving the forms of ballata and sonnet aside for the moment, since I plan to explain them in the fourth book of the present work, which will deal with the middle level of the vernacular).

上面我不无艰难地阐释了一些棘手的问题——谁和什么东西能够与高贵的方言相配，以及是什么构成了我认为能与最高贵的方言相配并享有这一荣誉的事物——我希望在转而讨论其他问题之前，对歌曲这一形式进行彻底探究，很多歌曲明显是随意创作而非根据特定的规则；因此，到目前为止，所有这些都被想当然地认可了，我将打开这一技艺工匠铺（暂时不考虑民谣和十四行诗，因为我将在本书的第四章再做解释，第四章将探讨中等的方言）。

By the theories of cavitations and free volume, it analyses the factors on lubricant low-temperature property in view of molecule structure, brings up effective ways to improve the low-temperature properties, conducts plenty of testing with even designs, and then investigates and tests the lubricant's low-temperature properties with computerized system; it analyses the data by regressi on method and optimizes the solving, and studies on the base oil of environment friendly lubricants and selects the composition of colza oil, esters and PAO2, and discusses on low-temperature flowability of vegetable-base lubricants.

应用空穴理论及自由体积理论，从分子结构角度分析了影响润滑油低温性能的因素，提出了改善对润滑油低温性能的有效途径，组织了大量试验，通过润滑油的计算机检测系统对润滑油的低温性能进行了分析检测，采用均匀设计来组织实验；用逐步回归对数据进行分析并且进行最优化求解，对环境兼容润滑油的基础油进行了分析研究，选择菜籽油、季戊四醇酯和聚α-烯烃作为基础油，并从理论上对植物基润滑油的低温流动性进行了探讨。

By the theories of cavitations and free volume, it analyses the factors on lubricant low-temperature property in view of molecule structure, brings up effective ways to improve the low-temperature properties, conducts plenty of testing with even designs, and then investigates and tests the lubricants low-temperature properties with computerized system; it analyses the data by regression method and optimizes the solving, and studies on the base oil of environment friendly lubricants and selects the composition of colza oil, esters and PAO2, and discusses on low-temperature flowability of vegetable-base lubricants.

应用空穴理论及自由体积理论，从分子结构角度分析了影响润滑油低温性能的因素，提出了改善对润滑油低温性能的有效途径，组织了大量试验，通过润滑油的计算机检测系统对润滑油的低温性能进行了分析检测，采用均匀设计来组织实验；用逐步回归对数据进行分析并且进行最优化求解，对环境兼容润滑油的基础油进行了分析研究，选择菜籽油、季戊四醇酯和聚α-烯烃作为基础油，并从理论上对植物基润滑油的低温流动性进行了探讨。

By the theories of cavitations and free volume, it analyses the factors on lubricant low-temperature property in view of molecule structure, brings up effective ways to improve the low-temperature properties, conducts plenty of testing with even designs, and then investigates and tests the lubricant's low-temperature properties with computerized system; it analyses the data by regression method and optimizes the solving, and studies on the base oil of environment friendly lubricants and selects the composition of colza oil, esters and PA02, and discusses on low-temperature flowability of vegetable-base lubricants.

应用空穴理论及自由体积理论，从分子结构角度分析了影响润滑油低温性能的因素，提出了改善对润滑油低温性能的有效途径，组织了大量试验，通过润滑油的计算机检测系统对润滑油的低温性能进行了分析检测，采用均匀设计来组织实验；用逐步回归对数据进行分析并且进行最优化求解，对环境兼容润滑油的基础油进行了分析研究，选择菜籽油、季戊四醇酯和聚α-烯烃作为基础油，并从理论上对植物基润滑油的低温流动性进行了探讨。

In this design, the dimension M of the memory vector field may be not necessarily equal to the dimension N of the network vector field. This may be the usually case in applications. Designing a network with either static or oscillating behavior, after analysing the dynamical. behavior of its four-dimension subspace, we get 2-torus in the subspace. If we vary the ratio of the imagine parts of the complex conjugate eigenvalues, the periodic motion of all kinds of period ratio on 2-torus are obtained.

设计一个既具有静态平衡点又具有动态振荡的网络，其静态平衡点由多余维叉形分叉得到，动态振荡形式由多余维Hopf分叉得到，通过对其中一个具有振荡行为的四维子空间的进一步分析，可以得到网络在四维子空间中的二环面运动，适当调整约当形中共轭复特征根虚部的比值，可以得到各种周期比的二环面上的周期运动。

The total inter-action energy of the most stable conformer has the basis set superposition error corrected total interaction energy 99.53 kJ/mol, and many-body analysis shows that two-and three-body energies have significant contribution to the total interaction energy whereas the relaxation energies and four-body energies are small.

对8个稳定氢键结构进行多体相互作用分析表明，最稳定的氢键结构经基组重叠误差校正后总相互作用能为－99.53kJ/mol，两体与三体相互作用能对总相互作用能的贡献较大，驰豫能与四体相互作用能对总相互作用能有很小的贡献。

The present paper through to the value investment theory's formation and the development discussion, to the value investor behavior characteristic's elaboration, using the behavior finance theory from the expectancy theory, the flock of sheep effect, responded excessively, the reverse operation model and so on four aspects and have carried on the contrast congenially to the value investment, theoretically explained why the value investment idea does have the sophistication.

本论文通过对价值投资理论的形成与发展的探讨，对价值投资者行为特征的阐述，运用行为金融理论从期望理论、羊群效应、过度反应、反向操作模型等四个方面对价值投资与投机进行了对比，从理论上解释了价值投资理念为什么具有先进性。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。