四元的

The research on the CCD sensor information is used to determinate the satellite attitude system without gyroscope .(1) Using quaternion and MRP as attitude representation , the attitude kinematics function are established . The satellite attitude dynamics function is established,that is disturbed by the first-order Markov force moment.(2) Using the quaternion as attitude representations, the attitude determination state estimator EKF and UKF are designed , numerical simulation is done .

基于CCD星敏感器的无陀螺测量卫星姿态确定系统的研究(1)针对地球同步轨道卫星，分别建立了以姿态四元数和修正罗德里格参数为卫星姿态描述参数的姿态运动方程；建立了卫星受一阶马尔柯夫干扰力矩时的卫星姿态动力学方程；(2)设计了采用姿态四元数为卫星姿态描述参数的EKF和UKF估计器，设计了分别以姿态四元数和修正罗德里格参数为卫星姿态描述参数的UKF估计器，并进行了数学仿真。

In addition, Hamilton quaternion, Ma quaternion and their Euler formula similar to that of two-dimensional real signal were discussed.

讨论了Hamilton四元数、马氏四元数及其与二维实信号类似的欧拉公式。

In order to investigate the relationship of solubility between vanadium and the other co-existing ion in soil. The phase equilibria of the quinary systemNaVO_3 + KVO_3 + NaH_2PO_4 + KH_2PO_4 +(NH_2)_2CO + H_2O and its five quaternary sub-systems were studied at 298K with isothermal dissoluble method. According to the reference, all these systems are not reported yet. The solubilities and the physico-chemical properties such as density, conductivity, pH value and refractive index of the equilibrium solutions were determined. Based on the determined values, the solubility stereo-diagram and projected-diagram( saturated with KVO3), projected-diagramsaturated with (NH_2_2CO, and water content diagram of the quinary system, isothermal solubility diagrams of the quaternary sub-systems, and the physico-chemical properties-composition diagrams of the equilibrium solutions were plotted.

为探明土壤中钒的溶解性同土壤中主要共存离子间的关系，本论文采用等温溶解平衡法研究了文献中还未见报道的五元体系NaVO_3+KVO_3+NaH_2PO_4+KH_2PO_4+(NH_2)_2CO+H_2O及其五个四元子体系298K相平衡关系，测定了这些体系298K时各组分的溶解度及平衡液相的密度、电导率、pH值和折光率等物化性质，并绘制了五元体系溶解度空间立体图，以KVO_3为饱和的投影图，以(NH_2)_2CO为饱和的投影图、水图及四元子体系的溶解度等温图、水图和平衡液相物化性质一组成图。

In this paper, a constructive proof of singular value decomposition of quaternion matrix is given by using the complex representation and companion vector of quaternion matrix and the computational method is described.

四元数矩阵的奇异值分解是四元数矩阵理论的重要内容，奇异值分解在四元数矩阵的理论研究和数值计算中都起到非常重要的作用。

To one quaternion matrix, according to its normal form, into which a quaternion matrix is transformed after decomposed, the types of decomposition of a quaternion matrix are divided into three large classes: diagonalized decomposition, triangular decomposition and triangular-diagonalized decomposition.

对单个四元数矩阵，以分解后的四元数矩阵的标准型作为分类的标准，将四元数矩阵的分解分为三大类：对角化分解、三角化分解、三角一对角化分解。

Herbacium were isobilateral leaves, and those of G. hirsutum and C. barbadense were dorsiventral leaves. The reciprocal F〓 of cross G. arboreum×G. herbacium were also isobilateral leaves, while reciprocal F〓 cross of G. hirsutum×G. barbadense were also dorsiventral leaves. The quadrispecific hybrids F〓 were isobilateral leaves, regardless of their cytoplasms. The structures of the leaf stalks and the stems were analogous to each other among the four cultivated cotton species except their diameters varied with species.

四个栽培棉种及其种间杂种F〓的形态学和细胞遗传学观察四个栽培棉种的植株、叶片、茎杆以及花器等器官都有明显的差异；叶片、茎杆以及叶柄的横切面结构观察结果表明，两个二倍体栽培棉种的叶片横切面构造为等面叶，两个四倍体栽培棉种却均为背腹叶；F〓正反交的叶片也为等面叶，F〓正反交F〓仍为背腹叶，而它们的四元杂交种均为等面叶；四个栽培棉种的叶柄和茎的横切面结构基本一致，只是直径形状和和维管束多少的不同，四元杂种的叶柄和茎的横切面结构的差异不明显。

In addition, we improve Nivens method and our new method to solve the equation more quickly.2 Complete Solution Structure: We obtain that the whole solutions of real quaternionic polynomial equation are just composed of some quaternion equivalence classes and some isolated points.

另外，从新方法及四元数带余除法理论出发，进一步改进了新方法和Niven的传统方法。 2解的完整结构：由求解的新方法得到四元数多项式方程全体解的完整结构为四元数等价类与孤立点的集合，以往的结果成为其自然推论。

CITIC Securities report further pointed out that the companies within the next three years of seasonal influenza vaccine will be 2.5 billion in sales revenue, tetravalent meningitis vaccine revenues will reach 2 billion yuan, hepatitis B vaccine revenue at 1.2 billion yuan, will become the company's vaccines business The main driver of growth is forecast to the company in 2009 -2011 years of EPS were 0.87 yuan, 1.06 yuan and 1.41 yuan, to maintain the company "overweight" rating, target price of 44.55 yuan.

中信证券报告进一步指出，未来三年内公司季节性流感疫苗将达到2.5亿元的销售收入，四价流脑疫苗收入将达到2亿元，乙肝疫苗收入将达到1.2亿元，疫苗业务将成为公司高速增长的主要驱动力，预测公司2009年-2011年的EPS分别为0.87元、1.06元和1.41元，维持公司&增持&的评级，目标价为44.55元。

All the measurements show that the quality of our samples is excellent. 5. For the first time, the energy bowing parameters of quaternaries are verified experimentally to be non zero, and the values of that for GaInPAs, AlInPAs, AlGaPAs, AlGaInP, AlGaInAs are determined for the first time.

首次从实验上证实四元系的能带弯曲参数不为零，并且利用测量五元系化合物的光致荧光谱的方法，得到了AlGaInP、AlGaInAs、AlGaPAs、AlInPAs、GaInPAs等四元系的能带弯曲参数值。

These four constitute a half immanent and half transcendent quaternity, an archetype which I have called the marriage quaternio.7 The marriage quaternio provides a schema not only for the self but also for the structure of primitive society with its cross-cousin marriage, marriage classes, and division of settlements into quarters.

这四者组成了半主观半超验的四位一体，这是一个我叫做四元婚姻的原型。这四元婚姻不仅仅为人自己也为原始社会的结构提供了一副图景，后者有着姑表婚姻，婚姻阶级，并将殖民社区分成四分。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。