四倍的

There was also not any haploid metaphases (n=16 or 19) was detected in hybrids. However, about 1-2% metaphases observed in this study was allopolyploid. GISH proved that they was made up of haploid genomes of M. nobilis (n=16) and triploid genomes of C. farreri (n=57). GISH was also employed to detect different chromosome components and identify donor chromatin in hybrids between C. farreri♀×A.

但我们检测到了约1-2%异源多倍体的分裂相，GISH分析后发现这些分裂相是由单倍的华贵栉孔扇贝的染色体和多倍的栉孔扇贝染色体组成，比如论文中图示了一个异源四倍体的分裂相，它是由单倍的华贵栉孔扇贝的染色体(n=16)和三倍的栉孔扇贝染色体(3n=57)组成。

The results showed that the best effect of autotetraploid was obtained with 2.0 gL-1 colchicine solution for 6 times, and the frequency was 4.5%.

结果表明：经2.0 gL^(-1)秋水仙素处理6次获得同源四倍体的效果最佳，四倍体诱导率达到4.5%。

All these contributed to the genetic selection and improvement in rice breeding. As mentioned above, the results are not only helpful to promote the process ofrice improvement, but also to confirm the basic for further study of autotetraploid rice.

上述产量、品质性状及遗传差异分析的结果，不仅有利于加快同源四倍体水稻的遗传改良进程，而且为进一步研究、利用同源四倍体水稻奠定了初步基础。

We could get a better induction effect when we treated at the inflorescence out 1/4,or the another co- lor changing from light green to green-yellow color .It was just the period chromosome changed from bouquet stage to diakinesis stage.

在秋水仙素诱导小报春体细胞的研究中：以0.05g L~(-1)浓度的秋水仙素浸泡萌动种子48h得到1株四倍体；组培诱导中，以秋水仙素加入培养基中，秋水仙素浓度为0.1gL~(-1)处理一周获得2株四倍体小报春。

If 〓mRNA positive expression, its DNA heteroploid type display as triploid or hypodiploidy, if 〓mRNA negative expression, its DNA heteroploid type display as hyperdiploidy、tetraploid or Bistem line. These from one flank demonstrate the role of 〓 gene suppress the proliferation of malignant tumor

表达阳性者，其DNA异倍体主要表现为三倍体或低二倍体，〓表达阴性者，其DNA异倍体主要表现为高倍体、四倍体和双干系，从一个侧面显示出〓基因的抑制恶性肿瘤细胞增殖的作用。

They are complex polyploids, being partly tetraploid and partly hexaploid

它们是复杂的多倍体，其中一部分是四倍体，一部分是六倍体。

However, analysis of DNA methylation level indicated that the total DNA methylation levels were not significantly different between diploid and autotetraploid. Autotriploid showed a trend of low DNA methylation level. It implied that the alterations of DNA methylation levels were not linear with the autopolyploidy level in watermelon.

有趣地是，二倍体与四倍体西瓜相比DNA甲基化水准却未发生大规模的调整，而三倍体西瓜显示出较为明显的低DNA甲基化水准趋势，表明西瓜同源多倍化过程中其基因组DNA甲基化水准变化与其倍性不成线性关系。

The genetic analysis and improvement of characters, such as tuber processing quality traits and yield components which tend to be quantitatively inherited, are far more difficult than those at diploid potato. Reviewing the earlier studies indicated that a few systematic investigations on genetics of important traits in potato were untaken and most focused on estimates of combing ability for agronomic traits due to limited materials and methodologies available.

利用二倍体材料简化了遗传分离比例、可应用现有的二倍体遗传模型进行遗传分析并更有效的挖掘和利用二倍体资源中的优异基因，进而通过倍性育种及遗传工程育种将有利性状转育到四倍体普通栽培品种。

From the valuation point of view, the current fourth quarter of the Shanghai market in recent rolling 12.81 times earnings, 1.96 times市净率, the Shenzhen market, nearly four-quarter rolling for 10.86 times earnings, 1.97 times for市净率; and with the end of last year, the Shanghai market and Shenzhen markets static earnings ratio 59.24 times, 60.48 times have been significantly reduced, valuation has been very clear advantages.

从估值角度来看，目前的第四季度，上海市场最近推出12.81倍的市盈率，市净率1.96倍，深圳市场，近四个季度的10.86倍的市盈率，滚动市净率1.97倍；及与去年年底，上海市场和深圳市场的静态收益率59.24倍，60.48倍已大大降低，估值已经非常明显的优势。

Finally both SNR and slope of modulation transfer spectra of I2 with different absorption length were compared experimentally while I2 cell temperature was held at -15 ℃. The results of comparison showed that modulation transfer spectra was optimal at three-pass (120 cm).

实验上比较了碘池温度为-15 ℃时一倍程(40 cm)，二倍程(80 cm)，三倍程(120 cm)和四倍程(160 cm)的光谱信号信噪比和谱线中心斜率，得到三倍程时信号信噪比和谱线中心斜率为最大，估算得到相应的激光稳频精度为9×10-14(1 s积分时间)。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。