囊

By statistic analysis, there were significant differences with the average cell number of each morulae, early blastula and blastula between in vivo and in vitro, there were no differences with the hatching of blastula between in vivo and in vitro.

经统计分析体内桑椹胚、早期囊胚、囊胚的每一胚胎平均细胞数与体外桑椹胚、早期囊胚、囊胚的每一胚胎平均细胞数有显著差异；扩张囊胚的体内，体外每一胚胎平均细胞数没有显著差异。

Following 72 h co-culture, desquamate, sporozoites, trophozoites, meronts, microgametocytes, macrogametocytes, zygote, thin-wall oocyst, and thick-wall oocyst appeared orderly. Between the 60th and 72th hour, many oocysts emerged. Inoculated by the C. parvum -infected cell culture supernatant at the 48th hour, the immunosuppressed mice became infected.

在感染后72 h内，隐孢子虫出现连续发育阶段，包括脱囊、子孢子、裂殖子、裂殖体、滋养体、配子体、合子、薄壁卵囊和厚壁卵囊，在60～72 h内形成卵囊；用感染48 h的细胞培养上清接种于免疫抑制小鼠， 10 d后有隐孢子虫卵囊排出。

This paper reviewed the research progresses about the cysts, especially the resting cysts of protozoans, mainly focused on the characteristics of morphologies, structures, constituents, and living activities, as well as molecular mechanism and significance of encystment for the protozoans, also, cell behavior during encystment and excystment was involved based on the references reported.

以国内外文献报道为依据，综述了原生动物包囊，特别是休眠包囊的研究进展情况，主要集中在包囊的形态、结构、组成、生命活动特征、包囊形成的分子作用机理和意义，以及包囊形成与解脱过程中细胞行为上的研究等方面。

The CC MRI findings are characterized mainly by:(1)frequently-encountered multiple circular foci during the cysticercus survival:small excentric spotty images of the mural cysticercus scolex :slightly high signs on T1WI and middle-lower signs on T2WI;lower signs on T1WI and high signs on T2WI of the capsular liquid;lower signs of the cerebrospinal fluid but relatively high signs of the capsular liquid on FLAIR;and unremarkable peripheral edema;(2)scolex disappearance,enlarged capsular cavity and remarkable peripheral edema during cysticercus degeneration and necrosis;(3)lower signs on T1WI and T2WI and peripheral edema disappearance after the focal calcification;(4)findings shown by the enhanced scanning:strengthened (24/36) or non-strengthened (12/36) cyst-wall circular images;strengthened (22/36) or non-strengthened (14/36) small intracapsular spotty images;(5)cerebral-ventricular type often occurring in the third and fourth ventricles:one case in the third ventricle (1/36) and three cases in the fourth ventricle (3/36),all of suffered from obstructive hydrocephalus;(6)hydrocephalus caused by arachnoid adhesion (2/36) in meningeal type.

结果 脑实质型18例，脑室型4例，脑膜型3例，混合型11例，主要MRI特点：(1)囊虫存活期，病灶呈圆型，多发常见，附壁囊虫头节呈偏心型小点状影，T1WI呈略高信号，T2WI呈中低信号；囊液T1WI呈低信号，T2WI呈高信号；在FLAIR上脑脊液呈低信号，而囊液呈相对高信号；周围水肿不明显。(2)囊虫退变坏死期，头节消失，囊腔扩大，周围水肿明显。(3)病灶钙化后，T1WI及T2WI均呈低信号，周围水肿消失。(4)增强扫描表现为：囊壁环状增强(24/36)，或不增强(12/36)；囊内小点状影增强(22/36)，或不增强(14/36)。(5)脑室型：常发生于第三、四脑室，其中第三脑室1例(1/36)，第四脑室3例(3/36)，均引起阻塞性脑积水。(6)脑膜型：因蛛网膜粘连，而引起脑积水(2/36)。

The author first reported the social phenomenon and synchronizing development incryptosporidia,the dynamic process of the sporozoites or merozoites aparted from theirparent substances and developed into trophozoites,the culture of C.baileyi in chickenembryo,and the excysting process without both the trypsin and the sodium taurocholatein 37℃ water.The high levels of excystation(60%)oceured at 37℃ water showedthat temprature was very important in cryptosporidia excysting process.

在国内首次观察和描述了薄壁型隐孢子虫卵囊；首次报道隐孢子虫具有群体寄生现象和同步发育特征；首次描述了隐孢子虫的裂殖子或子孢子离开母体和发育为滋养体的动态变化过程；首次应用粪便中纯化的C.baileyi卵囊感染鸡胚成功，并用37℃水脱囊，其脱囊率高达60％，表明温度对隐孢子虫的脱囊具有重要作用，无需胰酶和牛胆酸钠的参与。

In 4 cases, the cavities were full of perilymph. We could find that the cavity was irregularly round-shaped, about 6.5 mm in diameter, with thin mucosa adhere to the cavity wall. In the center area, around the internal acoustic meatus fundus, there was a horseshoe- shaped cystic structure about 3 mm3, which was a combined structure of the saccule, utricle and scala media. In 1 case, there was little perilymph in the cavity, with about 1.5 mm thick soft tissue and granulation adhere to the wall. The saccule, utricle and scala media were not recognizable.

结果 对5例患者进行共同腔内耳蜗内镜检查，见4例腔内充满液体，吸出后腔壁有扉薄黏膜附着，腔呈不规则圆形，直径平均约为6.5 mm，中央区贴近内听道底部位见马蹄形或肾形囊腔，约 3 mm3大小，为内耳球囊、椭圆囊和中阶畸形融合的结构；1例腔内淋巴液较少，共同腔壁附着软组织和肉芽，约1.5 mm厚，无法将腔壁上的软组织与中阶、球囊、椭圆囊的结构区分。

Results Five cases with common cavity underwent micro-endoscopy during cochlear implantation. In 4 cases, the cavities were full of perilymph. We could find that the cavity was irregularly round-shaped, about 6.5 mm in diameter, with thin mucosa adhere to the cavity wall. In the center area, around the internal acoustic meatus fundus, there was a horseshoe- shaped cystic structure about 3 mm3, which was a combined structure of the saccule, utricle and scala media.

结果 对5例患者进行共同腔内耳蜗内镜检查，见4例腔内充满液体，吸出后腔壁有扉薄黏膜附着，腔呈不规则圆形，直径平均约为6.5 mm，中央区贴近内听道底部位见马蹄形或肾形囊腔，约 3 mm3大小，为内耳球囊、椭圆囊和中阶畸形融合的结构；1例腔内淋巴液较少，共同腔壁附着软组织和肉芽，约1.5 mm厚，无法将腔壁上的软组织与中阶、球囊、椭圆囊的结构区分。

（1） In common cavity malformation, in addition to the abnormal bony labyrinth such as the cochlea, vestibule and lateral semicircular canal, the inner ear perceptive organ such as the saccule, utricle and scala media were also abnormal.（2） Though we could not identify the basal membrane and sensory epithelia under micro-endoscopy, the utricle and saccule could be clearly identified.（3） During cochlear implantation in common cavity malformation, electrode insertion should be monitored under micro-endoscopy, the electrodes should be put close to the anterior wall of the cavity, otherwise the vestibular organ may be damaged.

（1）共同腔畸形极重度聋患者不仅前庭、外半规管和耳蜗的骨性结构形态发生了变化，而且腔内耳蜗中阶与前庭的球囊、椭圆囊的膜迷路结构形态也发生了变化；（2）微窥镜下分辨不出基底膜或听神经细胞的形态结构，可见畸形前庭的球囊、椭圆囊的囊性结构；（3）进行共同腔畸形人工耳蜗植入手术时，应在耳蜗内镜的监视下，将电极摆放到准确位置，尽可能贴近共同腔的前壁，不应损伤前庭器官。

Based on the security,efficacy,cheapness and easy gain three disinfectant drugs(acids, degerming agents,surface active agents)were chosen to killing coccidial oocysts in chicken.

本试验按照安全、有效、经济、来源容易的原则，从对鸡球虫卵囊有一定抑杀作用的三类消毒药物(酸类、消毒剂类、表面活性剂类)中，筛选了 17组不同药物和浓度的搭配组合，设计了 3个试验：抑制鸡球虫新鲜卵囊孢子化试验；抑杀孢子化卵囊试验；新鲜卵囊和孢子化卵囊经药物处理后感染小鸡试验。

Results: Immature cysticerci were found in liver, heart, brain, lungs, tongue, and muscles of limbs and body on the 40 day. On the 80 day, cysticerci were bigger and matured. On the 120 and 150 days, large quantity of mature and alive cysticerci were found in all infected organs except liver in which the cysticerci gradually died. Cysticerci were not found to grow in kidney or spleen all the time.

结果：感染后第40天剖杀家猪，多数脏器和组织，如肝脏、心脏、脑、肺、舌、四肢及驱干肌肉内有未成熟囊尾蚴寄生；感染第80天时各器官及组织内囊尾蚴先后发育成熟，囊尾蚴随感染时间增加而逐渐增大；感染第120天或第150天时，除肝脏外各器官及组织内仍可见大量成熟囊尾蚴，且无死亡和钙化现象，而此时肝脏内囊尾蚴几乎全部死亡和钙化；在实验全过程中，肾脏和脾脏未见囊尾蚴寄生。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了