噪声控制

For a system with time delay, a approximate formula for calculating the residual servo variance is derived.

对于存在时间延迟的自适应光学系统，推导了计算大气湍流控制残余方差的近似公式，并给出了有探测噪声情况下确定系统最优控制带宽的公式。

Three actuation mechanisms of piezoelectric composite structures are studied: extension actuation mechanism, shear actuation mechanism and hybrid actuation mechanism Tip deflection of piezoelectric composite plate is analyzed for different actuator layer thickness. The research result can be used for mode control of active noise and vibration control and static shape control of intelligent structure.

研究了压电材料复合板的3种作动机制，弯曲作动机制、剪切作动机制、混合作动机制，针对粘贴在纤维板上不同厚度的压电作动层，具体分析了复合板的端部位移，研究结果对噪声和振动的主动控制中的模态控制和智能结构静态形状控制提供了一定的参考。

To overcome the bulky , inflexibility of traditional analog d ither system,a new solution for ring laser gyroˉ scope was designed with field programmable gate array.T he digital dither control method was given and dither characteristics were analyzed by square wave driving signal s.

针对传统机抖激光陀螺模拟偏频系统体积大、难于控制的缺点，设计了一种基于 FPGA的全数字抖动控制方案，提出了数字抖动控制原理，分析了数字方波驱动信号的性能，实现了伪随机噪声的生成和注入。

In this paper, the theory, algorithm, and experiment of automatic object detection and tracking are studied in depth. It is firstly pointed out that the essential of Mean Shift method is a special Newton-Gaussian method. A new method named Fast Mean Shift is established to stretch the conservative step of Mean Shift method. The convergence and validity of this new method are proved in theory. And it is also proved that the convergence speed of Fast Mean Shift is faster than that of Mean Shift. The contrast experiments of searching the maximum possibility density of random of data sets in plane and 3D space are done. The results show that this new method can reduce the iterations greatly. A new object tracking method based on Fast Mean Shift is built to improve the object tracking performance, which is shown in the face tracking experiment with the tennis sequence provided by the Ohio State University, and the car tracking experiment with the car sequence provided by Kalsruhe University. The face trcking experiment with highly noised images show that the object tracking method based on Fast Mean Shift has strong anti-jamming ability. A new fast color object detection technology based on characteristic color is established, which use characteristic color distribution to compute the characteristic color vector of any area in an image quickly. With the high performance search method, the fast object detection is achieved. At last, using object tracker based on Fast Mean Shift and color object detector based on characteristic color with the Kalman filter, PID controller, searial communication and other technologies, automatic object detection and tracking system with control system is built. The availability and anti-jamming ability of this system are verified by some object detection and tracking tests in different scenes.

本文对目标自动识别与跟踪进行了理论、计算、试验三方面的深入研究，主要包括：首次指出了目标跟踪技术中常用的均值迁移方法的本质为一种特殊的高斯-牛顿方法，改进了均值迁移方法步长取值保守的弱点，建立了快速均值迁移方法，证明了该方法的收敛性、有效性以及收敛速度优于均值迁移方法；进行了平面和3维随机分布数据集的最大概率密度搜索对比试验，试验结果表明，快速均值迁移方法大大减少了迭代次数；建立了基于快速均值迁移的目标跟踪方法，利用俄亥俄州立大学提供的乒乓球序列图像和卡斯鲁厄大学的汽车序列图像，对人脸和汽车目标跟踪性能分别进行了对比试验，并进行了高噪声人脸图像目标跟踪试验，结果表明，基于快速均值迁移的目标跟踪方法有效提高了目标跟踪性能，具有很强的抗干扰能力；建立了一种新型彩色目标自动识别方法，采用特征色彩分布函数实现了对任意图像区域特征色彩矢量的快速计算，建立了高效的搜索方法，实现了彩色目标的快速识别；将基于快速均值迁移方法的目标跟踪方法、基于特征色彩的目标识别方法与卡尔曼滤波、PID控制、串行通讯等技术结合，建立了带有控制系统的快速目标自动识别与跟踪系统，并在不同场景下进行了目标自动识别与跟踪试验，验证了快速目标自动识别与跟踪系统的有效性和抗干扰能力。

Simulation results show that the chaotic system can be controlled effectively in Buck power converter by this method. The method is still effective when there are parameter perturbation and noise.

数值仿真结果表明：该方法能有效地实现Buck功率变换器混沌系统的控制，系统在参数发生摄动和存在噪声的情况下，控制仍然有效。

The control system for tank can finish independently mostly control functions. It can sample voltage and current online, control alumina content and regulate polar distance, analysis and report cell noise, predict the anode effect and warning with sound and light, keep watch on and control artificial schoolwork process.

在广泛收集专家控制经验与知识的基础上总结出新的控制策略，能在脱机状态下独立完成电压、电流的在线采集，正常槽况下的准连续按需下料控制与常态极距调节、槽噪声解析与报告，阳极效应预报与声光报警，人工作业工序监控等功能，能通过CAN总线与监控机交换数据，并接收来自监控机的参数设定与优化，使对电解槽的监控更为精确和可靠。

DK77 HE Series electric spark digital controlling machine tool High Efficiency and fine quality Multi-technical breaking-through, six paten honored Low price, high quality All-closed loop control, automatic multi-cutting, automatic machinery precision error compensating and highly intellectual Highest precision≤0.008mm Highest smooth finish rate, Ra≤0.58um and reedless Great benefits: at Ra≤1.2um, the process speed could obtain 75mm2/min Highly integrated: clear circuit, strong stability, reliable and easy to fix Unique wire winding system employed, smooth running, noiseless and long useful life Industry controlled computer system, PLC logical control and functional module design materialize the low error rate

DK77□□HE系列高性能电火花数控线切割机床惊人的效率、优良的品质多项技术性的突破、集六项专利于一身慢走丝的效果、快走丝的价格全闭环控制、自动多次切割、自动补偿机械精度误差、智能化程度高最高精度≤0.008mm 最高光洁度Ra≤0.58um，表面无条纹高效益：在Ra≤1.2um时，加工速度75mm2/min 高集成化：电路清晰、稳定性高、安全可靠、维修方便采用独特的运丝系统，运行平稳、无噪声、寿命长采用工业控制计算机系统、PLC逻辑控制、功能模块化设计，使产品故障率大大降低。

Other Northstar firsts on the XLR include four-cam continuously variable valve timing; electronically controlled, hydraulically actuated intake and exhaust cam phasers on all four camshafts for extra control; electronic throttle control; low restriction intake and exhaust manifolds and cylinder head ports; close coupled catalytic converters mounted directly adjacent to the exhaust manifolds; and a new air induction system, redesigned for enhanced capacity and noise attenuation.

Other北极星上首创的XLR包括四凸轮连续可变气门正时，电子控制，液压驱动进排气上的额外控制所有四个凸轮轴凸轮相位调节；电子节气门控制；低，限制进气和排气管和缸盖港口；紧密耦合催化转化器直接安装毗邻的排气管，以及一个新的空气感应系统，增强能力和噪声衰减重新设计。

A mixed sensitivity H∞ control model is constructed and the band width of wind turbine speed control is designed according to the frequency characteristic of wind speed variation and noise of rotating speed sensor. The sensitivity function is decreased within this frequency band to restrain the wind torque perturbation to wind turbine rotating speed control.

通过构造基于复合灵敏度的H∞鲁棒控制模型，根据风速的波动频率范围和传感器的噪声频率范围设计了风车转速控制的带宽，并在此带宽内降低系统的灵敏度函数，来抑制风力转矩对风车转速控制的干扰。

The control measures to reduce radiated noise from engine surface that are brought out in this dissertation have some effects. And all of these measures are very economic and feasible.

通过对发动机表面辐射噪声进行研究，本文提出的控制措施对于降低发动机表面辐射噪声有一定的效果，并且方法经济可行。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。