器孢子

A binucleate spore of a rust fungus , formed in a chainlike series in an aecium .

锈孢子锈菌的双核孢子，在锈孢子器中形成链状系列来源：词友

It was found through observing configuration of mycelium and conidiophore undermicroscope that white, diaphragmatic mycelium extended like branch, and pycnidium was roundor nearly round, and organ wall was dark brown and membranous, and spore was linear,transparent, straight or curving with 1～3 diaphragm.

于显微镜下观察菌丝体结构和分生孢子形态发现：菌丝体呈树杈状伸展，白色，有隔膜；分生孢子器球形或近球形，器壁暗褐色，膜质；分生孢子线形，无色透明，正直或弯曲，顶端略尖，1～3个隔膜。

The alternate irradiation of ultraviolet lamp and daylight lamp is favorable for production of pycnidium, and mature pycnidium couldn't form in dark condition.

紫外灯与日光灯交替照射有利于分生孢子器的形成，黑暗条件下不能形成成熟的分生孢子器。

The spore germination and gametophyte development of 21 ferns are studied. It indicates that :① the development period of prothallium and young sporophyte of the same species is different due to seeding time of spores;② the optimal temperatures of spores germination and gametophyte development of 21 ferns are about 15 -24 ℃;③ the rate of spore germination of rare ferns is much lower than the ferns which occur large populations in nature;④ the treatment with GA 3 can accelerate the germination of the spores;⑤ the prothallium changes from large to small, green to yellow when young sporophyte comes out. The prothalliums of all 21 ferns die away after the appear of the 3rd leaf of sporophytes;⑥ shapes of the 1st and 2nd leaves of the young sporophyte are different from those emerged later;⑦ spores cultured in dark can not germinate;⑧ a prothallium can develop only one young sporophyte though it has many archegoniums, and the spore propagation with leaf mould substrate is an economical method.

摘 要：以腐叶土为培养基质，对 21 种蕨类植物进行了孢子萌发和原叶体发育的研究，结果表明：①不同时期播种的同种蕨类的孢子，发育出原叶体和幼孢子体所历经的时间长短不同；②孢子萌发和配子体生长发育的适宜温度约为 15 ～ 24 ℃；③稀有蕨类的孢子萌发率低，而在野外能形成较大种群的蕨类的孢子萌发率高；④用 GA 3 处理孢子可以促进萌发；⑤当原叶体上长出幼孢子体时，原叶体由大变小，由绿变黄， 21 种蕨类的原叶体都在幼孢子体上长出第 3 片叶时消失；⑥幼孢子体上长出的第 1 、 2 片叶在形态上与以后长出的叶不同；⑦孢子萌发需要光；⑧ 1 片原叶体尽管有多个颈卵器，但仅发育出 1 株幼孢子体；⑨利用腐叶土进行蕨类孢子繁殖是一种经济实用的繁殖方法。

The test established optimal conditions for producing pycnidium that optimal medium was corn powder,optimal temperature was 25-30℃,optimal pH was 7-8.UV irradiation induced the forming of pycnidium.

最适合草茎点霉SYAU-06菌株形成分生孢子器的培养基为玉米粉培养基；最适温度为25-30℃，最适pH为7-8，而且光照有利于产孢，适量的紫外线照射可诱导分生孢子器的形成。

After 13 months culture, sporophytes began to form. Each gametophyte had several archegonia, and only one sporophyte was produced per gametophyte. The first sporophyte frond was simple and had pinnate venation.

抱子体在经13个月的培养后开始产生，每个配子体虽然有许多的藏卵器，但只产生一株孢子体，第一片孢子体的叶片为单叶羽状脉。

The results showed that pathogen conidia germination germ tube after the invasion from pore to complete the required invasive 12h ~ 48h, the 10d show symptoms around, 16d browser ripe conidia; host bacteria cause symptoms of infection, the mycelium from the Under surface of leaf across the mesophyll cells, in thin-walled small positive inter-leaf assembly, and finally the formation of conidia, and conidia generated subepidermal parenchyma cells in between, a certain randomness.

结果表明：病菌分生孢子萌发后产生芽管从气孔侵入，完成侵入需要12h～48h，大约到10d显示症状，16d分生孢子器成熟；病菌侵染寄主引起症状后，菌丝多从叶背面跨过叶肉细胞，在叶正面薄壁细间集结，最后形成分生孢子器，分生孢子器产生于表皮下薄壁细胞之间，具有一定随机性。

A binucleate spore of a rust fungus , formed in a chainlike series in an aecium .

锈孢子锈菌的双核孢子，在锈孢子器中形成系列来源：词友

Aschersonia turbinata is different from other species in Aschersonia by its yellowish-white subcylindric stromata when fresh, irregular pycnidia produced in one or more flat or concave disks on a more or less bulbose base and fusoid conidia with conical tips.

锥形座壳孢有别于该属其他成员的特征是新鲜时具有微黄白色近圆柱形的子座，不规则的孢子器产生于1个或更多个平或凹盘里，梭状的器孢子具有锥形尖端。

Antheridia occurred in the cushion on the dorsal and ventral surfaces of gametophytes while archegonia were observed on the ventral surface only. On hermaphroditic gametophytes, antheridia and archegonia were usually intermingled. Both types of gametangia were eusporangiate.

藏精器与藏卵器分别在孢子洒播10及12月后发生；藏精器长在中肋的背面及腹面，藏卵器只在腹面发生；两性配子体的藏精器与藏卵器混生一起，两者均属厚囊蕨型。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。