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The paper, which is based on the "Research and Development of the Speed-up Train"s Manipulation of Optimization and Train Simulator project, concerns the sound system in the Train Simulator. In the paper, the sound system includes two parts contents: firstly, improving the sound effect of the sound simulation system in the Train Simulator and enhancing 3D sound effect, such as sense of distance, sense of orientation, Doppler Effect etc, to make the sound of training environment more verisimilar; secondly, realization of the speech communication in network between teacher and student in the Train Simulator.

本文是以铁道部科技发展项目"提速列车优化操纵与机车仿真器研究开发"为依托，对机车仿真器的声音系统进行研究：第一，对机车仿真器中声音仿真系统的音效进行改进，增加3D音效，如声音的距离感、方位感、多普勒效应等，使得训练环境音响更加逼真；第二，实现机车仿真器中教员与学员间的语音网络通讯。

The use of partitions condenser and water ring vacuum pump with heat pump, condenser pipe snake, water ring vacuum pump condenser preheater material doubles as a full use of steam at the end of the second heat efficiency and reduce the consumption of cooling water.

采用间壁式冷凝器和水环真空泵带热泵、蛇管冷凝器、水环真空泵冷凝器兼作物料预热器充分利用末效二次蒸汽的热量，并减少冷却水量的耗量。

Wipers wipers Scientific name: WINDSHIELD WIPER wiper wiper is installed on the windscreen of the important accessories.

雨刷器雨刷器学名：刮水器 WINDSHIELD WIPER 刮水器，是安装在风窗上的重要附件。

The general timing counter applied in computer includes configuration register TCCFG control word register TCCON, state register TCSTA, initial value register TCPAL and internal counter TCCOUNTER. Both the said internal counter TCCOUNTER and the internal bus are in 32 bit width and the 32 bit read-out bus and 32 bit write-in bus are connected directly to the 32 bit internal bus. Therefore, the present invention has the advantages of long counting time, high precision and simple chip design and programming.

本发明公开了一种应用于计算机领域中的通用计时计数器，包括配置寄存器TCCFG、控制字寄存器TCCON、状态寄存器TCSTA、初值寄存器TCPVAL和内部计数器TCCOUNTER；所述的内部计数器TCCOUNTER和内部总线都是32位宽度，其32位的写入总线和读出总线都直接连到32位的内部总线上；从而克服了现有技术中计数时间短、编程和芯片设计复杂、计数精度低的缺点，使得计数时间长、精度高、芯片设计和编程简单。

The First Law of thermodynamics and exergy analysis method were used to construct factors such as coefficient of performance , exergy efficiency and exergy index according to the AHT combined Carnot cycle model established. Aimed at the insufficient of the classical thermodynamics analysis method, the optimization relationships between the specific heating load and operating parameters, and between SHL and COP, was reasoned out using the Finite Time Thermodynamics method according to the characteristic of investment and capacity of AHT, and endo-reversible combined Carnot cycle model. Hence, the rationality of the energy utilization and the economic index, which related to the total heat transfer area, were both taken into account.

首先利用热力学第一定律分析法和〓分析方法，按照建立的吸收式热变换器理想联合卡诺模型，构建包括性能系数、热力学效率、〓效率、〓指数在内的吸收式热变换器热力学评价体系；然后针对经典热力学分析方法的不足，根据热变换器的功能、投资等方面的特点，按照内可逆联合卡诺模型，利用有限时间热力学理论方法，导出了吸收式热变换器比供热率与操作参数、比供热率与热力学性能系数的优化关系，从而使优化结果兼顾了系统用能的合理性和与总传热面积相关的反映设备投资回报的经济性指标。

The anisotropical characteristics of metal rubber elements performed under loadings in different directions were researched, and physical hypothesis were provided for the analysis of inner structure of metal rubber material The main parameters for the analysis of anisotropical performance were confirmed according to the previous hypothesis and tested experimentallyThe results show that variety of the relative heights and the radius of MR elements affect the radial stiffness of MR isolator When isola...

研究了金属橡胶构件在不同方向的载荷作用下表现出来的各向异性，提出了用于分析金属橡胶材料内部结构的物理假设，并根据假设确定了各向异性研究的主要参数，然后通过实验研究进行了验证。实验结果表明，如果改变金属橡胶元件的相对高度，增加径向尺寸可以在很大范围内改变金属橡胶隔振器的径向刚度；要使金属橡胶隔振器的力学特性更近于线性，应让隔振器在径向范围内工作；如果隔振系统中含有多个承受压载荷的金属橡胶隔振器，则可以使其工作在与成型压力方向相垂直的方向。当相同结构和尺寸的钢元件和金属橡胶元件在承受剪切载荷作用时，这两种材料表现出了相同的刚度变化趋势。

Two novel fractal network microchannel heat sinks are originated, namely, the biomimetic fractal tree-like microchannel net born of mammiferous aspiratory system and the biomimetic fractal comby microchannel net born of natural honeycomb.

首次提出并加工出了树状分形结构微管道网络换热器和仿蜂巢结构微管道网络换热器；分别对2种硅制分形结构微管道网络换热器的流动与换热特性进行分析，并与平行阵列型微管道换热器进行了对比。

2The spine fracture model is a type of instability spine model, it is satisfacted for the test. The new PETF can offer good three-dimensional stabilization to instability fracture spine.it has clinical feasibility . [3]To be a minimally-invasive surgical procedure ,the PETF assistanted microendoscopy can combine decompression and reduction with external fixation for the injuried vertebral colunm without segments fusion.

(1)骨折模型B组是不稳定性骨折模型，满足实验的要求，新型脊柱外固定器能为不稳定性骨折脊柱提供良好的三维稳定，具有临床可行性；(2)轴向压缩实验A组、C组和D组之间的差异均具有显著统计学意义，说明单纯新型脊柱外固定器是一种弹性固定，抗压刚度不够，但新型脊柱外固定器结合PVP术后抗压能力明显，但较正常标本仍有一定的差距，手术后短期内有必要适当腰部支柱保护；(3)新型脊柱外固定器联合MED和PVP术治疗胸腰椎骨折的微创技术能减轻病人的痛苦、达到胸腰椎骨折的治疗目的和效果，并具有非融合性固定的特点，具有较大的临床推广应用价值。

Secondly, 4 methods of azimuth estimation based on vector hydrophone according to forms of nosie and signal are brought forward. The principles of these 4methods are set forth, simulating them by computer. Acoustic intensity averager can effectively suppress isotropic non-coherent interference; DOA based on line-spectra can effectively detect the target radiating line-spectra and estimate its azimuth angle; Bar graph approach can suppress line-spectra coherent interference and distinguish different targets radiating line-spectrum. Weighted bargraph approach can detect target in broadband coherent interference and estimate its azimuth angle.

其次，根据背景干扰和信号样式的不同，提出了单矢量水听器方位估计的4种方法；阐述了这4种方法的原理，并进行了计算机仿真，指出平均声强器方位估计适用于各向同性噪声场背景干扰，讨论了平均声强器的处理增益；目标辐射噪声中有线谱时，线谱方位估计有很好的性能，其中的LOFAR线谱和高频解调得到的DEMON线谱都是目标的特征谱线，可以利用它们进行方位估计，详细讨论了利用特征线谱单个矢量水听器分辨多目标的性能；直方图方位估计能抗强线谱相干干扰；加权直方图方位估计可以抗宽带相干干扰。

The BEPCⅡ future pre-injector consists of a thermionic gun followed by two subharmonic bunchers, a travelling wave prebuncher and a travelling wave buncher.

BEPCⅡ未来的预注入器由热阴极电子枪、两个次谐波聚束器、行波预聚束器以及行波聚束器组成。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。