嗅学

And both of them spentmore time on sniffing nose, sniffing body, sniffing vulvae of social investigatingbehaviors. 2. Comparation of histology of main reproductive organs between the XO femaleindividuals and the XX female individuals: There were no significant differences incolor of pelage between the XO female individuals and the XX female individuals,and their pelage were gray when they were yong, and weak coffee when they are adult.All of the female mandarin voles had three openings: vulvae, urethra, anus.

在遭遇陌生雄性时，XX雌体和XO雌体都运动了较多的时间，同时也花费了较多的时间接近和攻击雄性，还有花费较多的时间并以较多的频次进行嗅鼻、嗅体、嗅外阴等社会探究行为。2、棕色田鼠XO雌体和XX雌体主要生殖器官的组织学比较：从外形看，XO和XX雌体无毛色差异，年龄较小的时为灰色，较大时时呈现出淡咖啡色。

Methods MRI-based area measurements through several special coronal levels(anterior commisure, mamillary body and lateral genicular nucleus)of the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex were measured; the using imaging analyzer, we counted neuronal density of the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex on the same coronal levels.

应用MRI与组织学测量相对照的实验方法， MRI测量20例无明显神经系统疾病的人脑，在通过几个特定冠状层面上（前联合、乳头体及外侧膝状体），测量海马、内嗅区皮层厚度及面积；组织学方面应用图像分析仪进行神经元计数。

The imaging findings of post-trauma dysosmia commonly manifest as malacia and chronic hemorrhageic foci in frontal lobe, olfactory bulbs and tracts as well as temporal lobes.

外伤后嗅觉功能障碍的最常见影像学表现是额叶底部、嗅球嗅束和颞叶的软化灶、陈旧出血改变。

Structural magnetic resonance imaging include lineal mesure, volume measure and volume rendered. They can detect the abnormal brain structure, especially the change of mesial temporal lobe in early onset of Alzheimer s disease. Recent studies more focused on functional imaging which can find the functional changes in brain. Prior to structural changes, functional changes happen, so it can reflect the sutile pathological process in Alzheimer s disease.

磁共振成像结构影像学主要介绍了磁共振成像线性和面积测量、磁共振成像体积测量和磁共振容积再现三方面，其研究热点主要集中于阿尔茨海默病患者异常脑结构的分布，以及特征性结构内侧颞叶，尤其是海马，杏仁核，以及内嗅皮质在结构在阿尔茨海默病早期诊断治疗中的作用。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。