喹诺酮

RESULTS Anti-infection medicine and FQNs uses the trend that the medicine amount of money shares to always have with the medicine amount of money percentage to rise year by year,during the period 2000~2003,in 2004 hereafter lower gradually.

近年来，对氟喹诺酮类药物耐药的细菌日益增多，在几乎所有医院内感染致病菌中均发现有氟喹诺酮耐药株[1]，已严重影响其疗效和临床应用[2]。

FQNs shares the anti-infection medicine to don't greatly differ with the medicine amount of money,the application each year of frequency percentage.during the period 2000~2005,used the biggest species in the medicine amount of money were an floxacin,qurinodis,rufloxacin,rufloxacin,Gatifloxacin,lomefioxacin respectively,has 22.36%,18.05%,46.16%,22.55%,34.43%,23.8% that FQNs of that year always uses the medicine amount of money respectively.

笔者对2001年~2005年我院门诊氟喹诺酮类药物的用药情况进行较全面的分析，以期了解氟喹诺酮类药物在我院门诊用药的现状和趋势。1资料与方法1.1资料来源资料来源于我院电脑数据库。1.2方法统计2000年~2005年我院氟喹诺酮类药物的用药金额及在抗菌药

Second,the development trend and research status of fluoroquinolones was presented. Fluoroquinolones,which were newly-developed oral comprehensive antibiotics in recent years,has fairly strong flurorescent quality and therefore is used to explore the functional mechanism of drugs in human bodies,by the change of fluorescent extensity between fluoroquinolones and protein,as well as metallic irons.

其次是氟喹诺酮类药物的发展趋势及研究进展，氟喹诺酮类的药物是近年来迅速发展的口服广普抗菌药，具有较强的荧光特性，因此可以利用其与蛋白质及金属离子相互作用时荧光强度的变化来研究药物在人体内的作用机制等。

According to the synthetic methods study of the quinolones, it is found that the synthetic method of parent ring is of wide use by the condensation from α-substituted aryl formyl-β-substituted aminoacrylic acid and the inner molecular nucleophilic substitution reaction, which is almost suitable for the quinolones preparation of different rings or different substituted groups in 〓-position.

然后，对其合成方法进行了归纳，发现：由α-取代芳甲酰基-β-取代氨基丙烯酸缩合，经分子内亲核取代反应形成喹诺酮母环的合成方法用途非常广，几乎适用于所有不同环系或〓-位是不同取代基的喹诺酮类衍生物的制备。

This paper study mainly on synthesis, crystal structure, antitumor of quinolone compounds containing palladium, and synthesis, crystal structure of norfloxacin picrate supremolecular compound. The interaction of quinolones with DNA and the factors which effect interaction of quinolones with DNA also were studied. Meanwhile the interaction between phenthroline metal complex and DNA were studied by spectroscopy.

本论文主要研究了喹诺酮钯化合物的合成、晶体结构和抗癌活性；研究了喹诺酮与DNA之间的相互作用及影响因素；用分子静电势参数法研究了喹诺酮药物的定量结构-活性关系。

Given the success of 9-aminocamptothecin and meanwhile to investigate the impact of substituents with electron-donating groups on the activity of these compounds, amino group was incorporated into the 7-position of benzimidazole, benzoxazole or benzothiazole.

将第Ⅲ类化合物中的喹诺酮环用其电子等排体色酮环代替，得到第Ⅲ类化物，以考察喹诺酮的氮原子被氧原子取代后对活性的影响，该类化合物包括9个化合物，其中含4个色酮开环产物。

Synthesis of PPA are intermediate ester methoxy-pyrimidine main raw material; for quinoline acid synthesis; are prepared quinolones (such as: Pipemidic, Ciprofloxacin quinolinic acid, such as containing the quinolone drugs) of raw materials; also are manufacturing and other chemical products dyes intermediates.

是合成PPA的中间体甲氧基嘧啶酯的主要原料；用于喹啉酮酸的合成；是制备喹诺酮类药物(如：吡哌酸、环丙氟哌酸等含喹啉酮酸的喹诺类药物)的原料；亦是制造染料及其他化工产品的中间体。

A method of high performance liquid chromatography with post-column derivatization and terbium sensitized fluorescence for simultaneous determination of residues of ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and enrofloxacin in chicken was established, based on the effect that Tb3+ can sensibilize fluorescence of fluoroquinolones.

基于氟喹诺酮类药物与铽离子形成配合物后的荧光增强作用，建立了同时检测鸡肉中氟喹诺酮类药物环丙沙星、诺氟沙星和恩诺沙星残留的Tb3+增敏高效液相色谱柱后衍生荧光检测方法。

A method for the simultaneous analysis of 19 quinolone residues, enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, difloxacin, oxolinic acid, flumequine, sarafloxacin, sparfloxacin, danofloxacin, fleroxacin, marbofloxacin, enofloxacin, orbifloxacin, pipemidic acid, pefloxacin, lomefloxacin, cinofloxacin, and nalidixic acid in honey was developed by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. In comparison of the three different extraction methods, i.e.

建立了高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱联用测定蜂蜜中恩诺沙星、环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、氧氟沙星、双氟沙星、恶喹酸、氟甲喹、沙拉沙星、司帕沙星、丹诺沙星、氟罗沙星、马波沙星、伊诺沙星、奥比沙星、吡哌酸、培氟沙星、洛美沙星、西诺沙星和萘啶酸等19种喹诺酮类药物残留的方法。

In the method, the polyclonal antibodies are obtained by utilizing syntactic quinoxalone antibiotics multi-cluster antigen immunization; the coupling compound of the half antigen of the quinoxalone antibiotics and an egg-white protein OVA is taken as an envelope antigen; the quinoxalone antibiotics is taken as a standard; the indirect competitive enzyme-linked immune detection method for the quinoxalone antibiotics in animal food is established; a rapid and high efficient detection means is provided for the residues of the quinoxalone antibiotics in the animal food; because the polyclonal antibodies are adopted, the cost is low, and the stability and the repeatability are good; the detection limit (IC is smaller than 90) is 0.0126 ng/ml, the median inhibitory dose (IC is smaller than 50) is 0.52 ng/ml, and the detection range (IC is smaller than 20 to 80) is 0.04467 to 14 ng/ml.

本发明利用合成的喹诺酮类抗生素多簇抗原免疫得到多克隆抗体，以喹诺酮类抗生素半抗原与卵清蛋白OVA的偶联物作为包被抗原，以喹诺酮类抗生素为标准品，建立动物性食品中的喹诺酮类抗生素的间接竞争酶联免疫检测方法；为喹诺酮类抗生素在动物性食品中的残留检测提供了快速高效的检测手段，由于采用的是多克隆抗体，费用较低并且稳定性和重复性较好，检测限(IC 90 )为0.0126ng/ml、半数抑制量(IC 50 )为0.54ng/ml和检测范围(IC 20 ～IC 80 )为0.04467～14ng/ml。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。