喹唑啉

Objective: To know the sulfonamides residue level of the animality food, inquiry into the source of its pollution, evaluate the safety of its meal, a high performance liquid chromatography method was developed for determination the sulfonamides residues of sulfadiazine, sulfamonomethoxinne, sulfamonomethoxine and sulfaquinxalin in pork.

目的：为了解动物性食品中兽药残留水平，探讨其污染来源，评价其膳食安全性，因此建立猪肌肉组织中磺胺嘧啶、磺胺甲恶唑、磺胺对甲氧嘧啶、磺胺喹恶啉残留量的高效液相色谱测定方法。

Results: The proportion of Gram-negative bacilli rose obviously, so did the opportunistic pathogen's and Yeasts detected rate. Most drug sensitive tests showed the drug-fast rate turned to be high. Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Citrobacter resistant and so on to fluoroquinolones was 57%~97%. These bacteria to imipenem showed excellent activity. Meticillin-resistant-staphylococcus resistant to ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, clindamycin, tetracycline, erythromycin, cefazolin and ampicillin were 40.9%, 42.4%, 63.6%, 72.2%, 85.9%, 100.0% and 100.0%, respectively Streptococcus and Enterococcus resistant to major β-lactams-penicillin, aminoglycosides, macrolides, tetracyclines and sulfonamides were between 36.0% to 100.0%.

结果：革兰阴性杆菌比例显著升高，条件致病菌和酵母样真菌检出机会显著增多；药敏结果显示多数临床细菌对常用抗生素的耐药趋势在不断上升；大肠埃希菌、沙门菌和枸橼酸杆菌等革兰阴性杆菌对喹诺酮类药物的耐药率达57%~97%，亚胺培南则对阴性杆菌有较高的敏感覆盖率；耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌对环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、氯洁霉素、四环素、红霉素、头孢唑啉和氨苄西林的耐药率分别为40.9%、42.4%、63.6%、70.2%、85.9%、100.0%和100.0%；链球菌和肠球菌对多数β内酰胺类青霉素、氨基糖苷类、大环内酯类、四环素类以及磺胺类药物均呈高度耐药，耐药率在36%~100%。

To Dec. 2003 years in Yuxi city People's Hospital. RESULTS: The proportion of G－ bacilli were much. The opportunistic pathogen's and Yeasts detected rate rose obviously. Most drug sensitive tests showed the drug-fast rate turned to be high. Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Klebsiella and so on to fluoroquinolones was 50～97.7%. These bacteria to imipenem showed excellent activity. MRS resistant to ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, clindamycin, tetracycline, erythromycin, gentamycin, trimeth/sulfa and cefazolin were above 50%. Streptococcus resistant to major β-lactams-penicillin, aminoglycosides, macrolides, tetracyclines and sulfonomides were highness.

结果：G－杆菌比例居多，条件致病菌和酵母样真菌检出机会显著增高；药敏结果显示多数临床细菌对常用抗生素的耐药趋势在不断上升；大肠埃希菌、沙门菌和克雷伯菌等G－杆菌对喹诺酮类药物的耐药率在50％～97.7％，亚胺培南则对阴性杆菌有较高的敏感覆盖率；耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌对环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、氯洁霉素、四环素、红霉素、庆大霉素、复方新诺明和头孢唑啉的耐药率均在50％以上，链球菌对多数β内酰胺类青霉素、氨基糖苷类、大环内酯类、四环素类以及磺胺类药物呈高度耐药。

Binding affinity data of twenty seven 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-α]quinoxaline derivatives for human adenosine A3 receptor subtype have been subjected to QSAR analysis using genetic algorithm method.

战金辉，李吉来，黄旭日*，左明辉，孙家锺摘要：采用遗传算法构建了27种人类腺苷受体拮抗剂1，2，4-三唑并[1，5-α]喹喔啉衍生物与受体之间的亲和性的QSAR模型。

Benzyloxy benzoyldimethylsulfoxide was prepared by the reaction of ethyl 4-benzyloxybenzoate and dimethyl sulfoxide in the presence of sodium hydride, followed by Pummerer reaction with concentrated hydrochloric acid to afford eo-hydroxy-co-thio-methyl-(4/-benzyloxy) acetophenone, which reacted with urea, thiosemicarbazide, semicarbazide hydrochloride and o-phenylenediamine to give imidazolidine-2,4-dione, l,2,4-triazine-3- one and quinoxaline derivatives, respectively.

本文用4-苄氧基苯甲酸乙酯和二甲亚砜为原料，在氢化钠存在下反应，合成了(4′-苄氧基)-苯甲酰基-二甲亚砜。研究了该亚砜在浓盐酸的存在下发生的Pummerer重排反应，用重排产物ω-羟基-ω-甲硫基-(4′-苄氧基)-苯乙酮分别与尿素、氨基脲、氨基硫脲和邻苯二胺反应合成了2，4-咪唑啉-二酮、1，2，4-三嗪-3-酮、喹喔啉等含氮杂环化合物。

A UPLC method was established for the ten sulfonamides including sulfadiazine,sulfathiazole,sulfadimidine(SM2),sulfamethoxypyridazine,sulfachlorpyridazine,sulfamonomethoxine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfachloropyrazine (Esb3),sulfadimethoxine and sulfaquinoxaline in pig muscle and milk.

建立了猪肉和牛奶中磺胺嘧啶、磺胺噻唑、磺胺二甲嘧啶（SM2）、磺胺甲氧嗪、磺胺氯哒嗪、磺胺间甲氧嘧啶、磺胺甲基异噁唑、磺胺氯吡嗪（Esb3）、磺胺地索辛和磺胺喹噁啉共10种磺胺类药物残留检测的超高效液相色谱法。

Results Cefoperazone/Sulbactam, Imipenem, Piperacillin/Tazobactam, Cefetamet and Quinolones had strong effects to resist Chromobacterium violaceum,while resistant effects of those antibiotics were not significant, including Ampicillin, Cefazolin, Gentamicin, Tobramycin, Aztreonam, Ceftriaxono, and Ceftazidime.

结果 12种抗菌药物中舒普深、亚胺培南、特治星、马斯平及喹喏酮类抗菌药物对紫色色杆菌均有较强的抗菌作用，而氨苄西林、头孢唑啉、庆大霉素、妥布霉素、氨曲南、头孢曲松和头孢他啶等抗菌药物抗菌效果不佳。

The reaction mechanism was studied and the proposed methods were applied to the determination of SOD activity.Second, baded on sodium terephthalate trapping HO, an automated spectrofluorimetry for determining HO with flow injection analysis was developed. It was applied to the anti-oxidation determination of maize pollen polysaccharose and natural foods.

一设计合成了两种用于超氧阴离子自由基识别检测的荧光探针——香草醛缩-8-氨基喹啉和2-吡啶甲醛苯并噻唑啉，用普通荧光法和流动注射荧光法对超氧阴离子自由基进行分析测定，研究了反应机理，并将其用于超氧阴离子自由基和超氧化物歧化酶活性的测定。

The drug susceptibility testing indicates that Quinotones, Amikacin,Kita sermonic, Cephazolin and Erythromycin have good inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus. All these three kinds of Staphylococcuus take on high sensitive effect.

药敏试验表明，喹诺酮类药物、丁胺卡那、庆大霉素、头孢唑啉钠和红霉素对葡萄球菌的抑制效果较好，三种葡萄球菌对上述药物均呈现高敏反应。

objective to study the infection and sensitivity to antimicrobial agents of staphylococcus of bacterial prostatitis patients.methods the results of bacteriology and drug susceptibility of 421 patients,who were suffered from prostatitis,were analysed retrospectively.results in the 421 succus prostaticus samples,278 strains pathogenic microorganisms of 15 genera were isolated from the 273 succus prostaticus samples,and the major pathogenic microorganisms was staphylococcus aureus(57.2%) and coagulase negative staphylocous（17.3%.the drug resistance rate of staphylococcus to penicilling,erythromycin and albomycin was 88%-97%,and it was 33%-50% to fluoroquinolones.the drug resistance rate of staphylococcus to amikacin,cefazolin,nemycin,rifampicin and cefoperazone was lower than 30%,and they all appeared susceptible to vancomycin.conclusion staphylococcus is the main germ of bacterial prostatitis and it appears high drug resistance to usual antibacterials.staphylococcus is susceptible to vancomycin,amikacin,cefazolin,neomycin,rifampicin and cefoperazone.

目的 探讨细菌性前列腺炎患者葡萄球菌的感染状况及抗菌药物敏感性。方法回顾分析421例前列腺炎患者标本的细菌学和药物敏感性试验结果。结果 421例前列腺液标本，273例分离出细菌，共分离出15个种别共计278株病原菌，其中金黄色葡萄球菌占57.2%，凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌占17.3%；葡萄球菌对青霉素g、红霉素、白霉素耐药率为88%～97%，对氟喹诺酮类耐药率为33%～50%，对丁胺卡那霉素、头孢唑啉、新霉素、利福平和头孢哌酮耐药率均0%，对万古霉素全部显示敏感。结论葡萄球菌是细菌性前列腺炎的最常见病原菌，对临床常用抗菌药物具有较高的耐药性，葡萄球菌对万古霉素、丁胺卡那霉素、头孢唑啉、新霉素、利福平和头孢哌酮较为敏感。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。