唯物主义

The Eastern and Western philosophers have much in common in this respect. The Miletus School in Ancient Greece, Empedocles, China's "Five Elements "view and India's "Five Mahabhutas" view all hold that such specific substances as water, fire, air, soil and wind are the original sources, which indicates that ancient people's philosophical exploration to meet the practical needs is featured by materialism.

东西方在这方面有共同之处，古希腊的米利都学派、恩培多克勒，中国的&五行&说，印度的&五大&，都把水、火、气、土、风等具体的物质形态当成世界的&始基&，说明人类最早根据实践的需要而作出的哲学探索是唯物主义性质的。

Among the numerous philosophers in 20th century, Lukacs initiates a historical perspective of the ontological studies on Marxism. The main point of his theory is to affirm the close relationship between Marxism and Hegelian Dialectics. After the reconstruction on Hegelian dialectic materialism, the transform in Marxism which is different from the formers' has been taken place in its foundation, i.e.

在20世纪的众多哲学家中，卢卡奇开创了把马克思主义作为本体论研究的历史视域，其理论要旨乃是确认马克思直接衔接着黑格尔的辩证法，通过对黑格尔辩证法的唯物主义改造，马克思的本体论在其根基处发生了不同于以往哲学家的理论变革。

The "materialism" of the stock exchange and of business accountancy does not hinder anybody from living up to the standards of Thomas a Kempis or from dying for a noble cause.

股票交易所和公司行号的会计人员的「唯物主义」，并不妨碍谁去追随Thomas a Kempis（德国的一位牧师和著作家，1379-1471）的生活方式，也不妨碍谁为一崇高的理想而以身殉。

From the angle of making the historical summary, it made a systematic observation and study towards the triangle relation among KMT, CPC and U. S. A. after the victory of the war of resistance against Japan with the basic principle of historical materialism, through the analysis on a lot of full and accurate data, revealed the historical characteristics and its law on the evolution of the triangle relation among KNT, CPC and U.

本文从总结历史经验的角度，运用历史唯物主义的基本原理，对抗战胜利前后的三国四方关系进行了系统的考察与研究，通过对大量翔实资料的分析，揭示了三国四方关系演变的历史特点及其规律。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。