唯物主义

Part 2: The quantitative analysis of Chinese urban residents size income distribution gap and pauperization together with international comparison (chapter 2, 3, 4) This part is one of the main contents: I try to apply the worldwide used methods, such as Gini Coefficient decomposition by Shorrocks and Theil Entropy Measures by Theil, to give Chinese urban residents' whole income gap, consumption gap, income resources and structure gap, regional gap, professional and ownership gap, industrial gap a detailed decomposition and analysis, as soon as to reveal the reasons which bring about the gap.

鉴于一些经济学者对我国居民收入分配差距已作了较为系统的整体分析，所以，本文选择从城镇居民收入分配的角度，以坚持和运用马克思主义的辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义的基本分析方法为基础，批判借鉴西方新制度学派的制度分析方法，计量经济学分析方法等，对我国城镇居民规模收入分配格局的制度变迁及其特征进行较为全面的分析。

Dissimilaritily, Chen Duxiu discuss the problems from the practicality and aim at the disadvantage of the period, nevertheless, due to the deficient of the theretical, he frequently stay on the superficial analysis. But Plekhanov commences discussing it from the philosophy rootage problems which possess strong theoretical color, yet ignoring the domestic fact.In Chapter Six, Plekhanov's religious thought is estimated and analyzed. For the needs of the theory and practical fighting, Plekhanov studied and treated the religious problems in detail.

分析普列汉诺夫宗教研究取得较高成就的原因，在于他是一位坚持辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义立场的渊博的思想家，在于他对宗教问题的阐发与论证既是出于深化、扩展唯物史观的需要、更是出于社会实践迫切的需要，在于他研究角度的客观和全面以及注意吸取资产阶级理论家理论中的合理成分。

The highest point reached by contemplative materialism, that is, materialism which does not comprehend sensuousness as practical activity, is contemplation of single individuals and of civil society.

直观唯物主义所能达到的最高点是，唯物主义并不能把感性活动当作实践的活动，而只是直观的理解单个人和市民社会。

After making above efforts, we can deeper our under standing of the theory of labor value of Max and draw on the experience of the acheivenent western predominant economics especially their theoretical analysis of operating system and its taw of market economy under the guidance of the Maxilism philosophy , namely, dialectical materiales and historical materialism.

使我们深化对马克思劳动价值论的认识，在马克思主义哲学即辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义指导下，借鉴西方主流经济学的积极成果，尤其是借鉴它们对于市场经济运行机制及其规律性的理论分析，丰富、发展和创新马克思劳动价值论，为解决进一步完善社会主义经济过程中出现的一系列现实问题，提供较有说服力的理论依据。

The state advocates the civic vir tues of love of the motherland, of the people, of labour, of science and of so cialism. It conducts education among the people in patriotism and collectivism , in internationalism and communism and in dialectical and historical material ism, to combat capitalist, feudal and other decadent ideas.

国家提倡爱祖国、爱人民、爱劳动、爱科学、爱社会主义的公德，在人民中进行爱国主义、集体主义和国际主义、共产主义的教育，进行辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义的教育，反对资本主义的、封建主义的和其他的腐朽思想。

This paper combinate the historical background, on the basis of previous studies, to the Marxist dialectical materialism and historical materialism as a guide, to the rural market economy as the starting point, foreign social old-age insurance system on the useful experience, Both attention to the social old-age insurance system and the universality of common existence, also expressed concern about the special nature of rural in Jiangxi Province and personality, Combining Jiangxi rural social endowment insurance system for the status quo, to adapt to the Jiangxi rural social endowment insurance system of the model framework, At this stage of the full implementation of rural social endowment insurance system for the feasibility with a view to Jiangxi rural social endowment insurance system and provide a theoretical basis.

本文结合时代背景，在前人研究的基础上，以马克思主义的辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义为指导，以农村市场经济为出发点，借鉴国外社会养老保险制度的有益经验，既注意社会养老保险制度存在的普遍性和共性，又关注江西省农村的特殊性和个性，结合江西省农村社会养老保险制度现状，提出适应江西省农村社会养老保险制度的模式框架，探讨现阶段全面实施农村社会养老保险制度的可行性，以期为江西省农村社会养老保险制度建设提供理论依据。

Eliminative materialism is a new attempt solving the questions of the essence,standing and future destiny of the mental in philosophy of mind,is a "radical ontological transformation",and is a extreme from of the family of materialism.

取消式唯物主义是心灵哲学中解决心理本质、地位和未来命运问题的一种最新尝试，是一种&激进的本体论变革&，是唯物主义大家族中的一种极端的形式。

If one is a materialist but believes that all reductive efforts have failed and that a non-reductive materialism is incoherent, then one can adopt a final, more radical position: eliminative materialism.

如果一个人是唯物主义者但相信所有还原的努力都已经失败了，以及一个非还原的唯物主义是条理不通的，那么一个人接受一个最终的、更激进的立场是：取消的唯物主义。

Based on the dialectical materialism and historical materialism, the thesis makes use of the historical documentations, the methodology of the unity of history and logic as well as the epagogic analysis, researching on Lenins Governancing Ideology of Communist Party.

本文在辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义的指导下，运用历史文献、历史与逻辑相统一、归纳分析等方法，结合俄共的执政实践，对列宁共产党执政思想进行研究。

The paper considers that urban planning methodology is composed with three parts. They are philosophy foundation, noetic methodology and operational methods. The philosophy foundation of urban planning methodology under the framework of multi-rationality composes of Marxist philosophy with materialistic dialectic and historical dialectic as the core, western philosophy such as humanism, verificationism, and historism etc., oriental philosophy centralized on synthesis and unison. The noetic methodology of urban includes micro logical noetic methods macro visual noetic methods and micro-macro creative noetic methods. The urban planning operational method includes the route, process and techniques needed in practice.

其中，城市规划方法的哲学基础是在总体的复合理性框架之下，由以辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义为核心的马克思主义哲学，人本主义、实证主义、历史主义等西方哲学以及强调综合调和、天人合一的东方哲学思想所构成；城市规划思维方法体系，是城市规划过程中思考问题的角度及处理问题的方法论的总和，包括微观的逻辑思维方法、宏观的形象思维方法和宏微结合的创造性思维方；城市规划操作方法体系是直接用于城市规划实践的方法归纳和概括，包括城市规划的方法路线、程序组织、技术方法等等。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。