哮喘

BACKGROUND: To prevent reflex-induced bronchoconstriction in patients with asthma, local anesthetics are commonly administered by aerosol or IV as adjunct medication.

背景：为了防止哮喘病人反应性的支气管收缩，局麻药常常通过气雾剂吸入或静脉途径作为麻醉辅用药。

The outpouring of mucus from hypertrophied bronchial submucosal glands, the bronchoconstriction , and dehydration all contribute to the formation of mucus plugs that can block airways in asthmatic patients.

支气管黏膜下层的腺体肥大分泌黏液，支气管壁的破坏和脱水均有助于黏液栓的形成并阻塞哮喘病人的气道。

Children have the highest prevalence of asthma, an obstructive lung disease characterized by bronchoconstriction, persistent airway inflammation and airway remodeling.

多伦多大学医学院外科及生理学系，加拿大多伦多M5G 2C4哮喘是一种梗阻性肺疾病，以支气管收缩、持续性气道炎症和气道重塑为特征。

We conclude that SI can be performed safely following exercise challenge in asthmatics with EIB, and that the seerity of EIB prior to SI is not a major determinant of bronchoconstriction during SI.

在运动支气管痉挛性哮喘患者运动激发后进行SI是安全的，SI前EIB严重度并非SI时支气管痉挛主要决定因素。

Results: BIO-1211 aerosol at 1, 3 and 10 mg/ml significantly inhibited the changes in lung resistance and lung dynamic compliance after antigen challenge in the sensitized rats in a dose-dependent manner, BIO-1211 at 25, 50, 100 and 200μg/ml inhibited the fibronectin-induced neutrophil adhesion by 23.5%, 24.6%, 61.4% and 58.1%, respectively, and serum-induced adhesion by 29.9%, 35.9%, 35.3% and 15.4%, respectively. Inhalation of 10mg/ml BIO-1211 did not show any protection against histamine and actetylcholin-induced bronchoconstriction.

结果：给大鼠气雾吸入BIO-1211 (1、3、10mg/ml)呈剂量依赖抑制致敏大鼠抗原攻击引起RL的升高和Cdyn降低；BIO-1211(25、50、100、200μg/ml)明显抑制纤维黏连蛋白和血清诱导的中性粒细胞黏附反应，其抑制率分别为23.5%、24.6%、61.4%、58.1%和29.9%、35.9%、35.3%、15.4%；但BIO-1211 (10 mg/ml)给豚鼠气雾吸入不能抑制乙酰胆碱和组胺诱导的药物性哮喘。

Objective: To compare the effect of ipratropium bromide with sulbutamol, on bronchodilatation in patients with asthma and COPD.

目的：比较溴化异丙托品气雾剂与沙丁胺醇气雾剂分别使用及联合应用对哮喘和COPD患者的支扩作用。

Their pulmonary function and bronchodilatation test were checked and compared.

结果：支气管哮喘缓解期老年患者的肺通气功能异常率达91.67％，青年患者只有57.14％；支气管舒张试验测定老年患者阳性率为58.33％，青年患者达92.86％。

Their pulmonary function and bronchodilatation test were checked and compared.

支气管哮喘缓解期老年患者的气道受限、可逆性都比青年患者差，提示缓解期气道炎症仍然持续存在，需长期维持治疗，定期复查肺功能有助于指导治疗。

The results are compared and analyzed.Results Among the 244 patients' bronchial provocation test results,160 are positive （65.57%）,77 are negative （31.56%） and 7 are suspected positive （2.87%）.The 160 positive patients are treated with glucocorticoid and bronchodilatation,and the symptoms are relieved.

结果 244例患者支气管激发试验阳性160例（65.57%），阴性77例（31.56%），可疑阳性7例（2.87%）。160例支气管激发试验阳性患者按支气管哮喘予吸入糖皮质激素及支气管舒张剂治疗，症状缓解。

Results: In the senile asthmatic patients during their alleviative period, 91.67% had abnormal pulmonary function and 58.33% had positive reaction in bronchodilatation test.

支气管哮喘缓解期老年患者的气道受限、可逆性都比青年患者差，提示缓解期气道炎症仍然持续存在，需长期维持治疗，定期复查肺功能有助于指导治疗。

The labia have now been sutured together almost completely.The drains and the Foley catheter come out at the top.

此刻阴唇已经几乎完全的缝在一起了，排除多余淤血体液的管子和Foley导管从顶端冒出来。

To get the business done, I suggest we split the difference in price.

为了做成这笔生意，我建议我们在价格上大家各让一半。