响应性

The relationship between transient response and shape design variables is highly non-linear, and the behavior of feasible domains is often not good, which may cause convergence difficulties. In order to improve convergence speed of iteration process, some algorithms the feasible domains adjusting, the adaptive move limit, the approximate line search and the approximate reanalysis, are adopted.

采用基于Newmark积分的直接求导法计算瞬态响应灵敏度，在序列二次规划算法中采用了可行域调整、近似—维搜索、自适应运动极限等改进技术，提高求解效率和收敛稳定性，以解决结构动态响应与设计变量的关系复杂、高度非线性，优化可行区域的性态不良等问题。

At 0-60 ℃, the maximum fluorescence intensity of GCS-EPF decreased on heating and the relationship between fluorescence intensity and the change of temperature was linear; At pH=0-13.5, its fluorescence intensity increased with basification and completely disappeared at very acidic pH.

结果表明，修饰后水溶性壳聚糖的水溶液、固体粉末和薄膜在520 nm附近具有较强的荧光发射，其荧光强度不仅在0-60 ℃时对度有较快敏感响应，同时在pH=0-13.5时对pH也有较快敏感响应，具有双重敏感响应，因此可将其作为温度荧光探针和pH荧光探针的高分子材料。

The thesis studies the difference between GWSs composition and traditional workflow applications, proposes the implement mechanism and technical architecture of GWSs composition and defines the reference model of GWSs composition platform, which provide holistic framework and top-level guidance for studying dynamic GWSs composition technology, designing GWSs composition platform, and implementing representative composite service applications.2、Theories and methods of composite process modeling and process analysis. This thesis proposes a meta-model of Geo-spatial Web services composition process defining from two aspects, i.e. process and resource. According to the process definition meta-model, we propose a new Geo-spatial Web services composition Process/Resource model based on extended WF-net, which effectively resolves the problems on uncertain activity option and dynamic variation of service in composite process model. A notion with regard to soundness of process model is proposed from three aspects, i.e. the structural correctness of process model, validity of data link and validity of resource. The notion of soundness definitely gives a dividing line on correctness of composite GWS process. This thesis analyzes sufficient and essential terms of soundness, and studies compositional property of WSCP/R-net models which provides an effective method to construct a soundness WSCP/R-net model. According to WSCP/R-net, the thesis proposes composition algebra and studies the properties of it. Based on the composition algebra, 6 kinds of composite process reduction rules are induced to optimize the process.3、Geo-spatial Web service QoS model and its application architecture. This thesis proposes an extendable GWS QoS model from three aspects, i.e. Geo-spatial Web Service itself, networking conditions and service consumer which can be used to distinguish GWSs with overlapping or identical functionality. We work over the QoS evaluation methods of composite GWS process which can be used to guide the execution, monitor and service selection of composition process. Aming at some disadvantages in traditional Web service discovery model for its lacking of QoS supporting, this thesis proposes a new service discovery model SDMQ supporting QoS constraints.4、Technologies of composite service executing. SSPL, a new composite service process language, is defined to overcome the disadvantages of existing composite services process languages which can not adapt to the dynamic variation of Geo-spatial Web Services. An algorithm is described to translate WSCP/R-net model into SSPL. The thesis studies the model of dynamic services selection with QoS global optimization, presenting an algorithm GODSS to resolve dynamic services selection with QoS global optimization in GWSs Composition.5、Design and implement experimental system and representative applications. According to the research findings presented above, we design and implement an experimental system and construct two representative applications to show that our achievements are effective and practical.

针对当前空间信息服务聚合研究中存在的若干不足，本文重点在基于工作流的空间信息服务聚合框架、空间信息服务聚合流程建模和分析技术、空间信息服务QoS模型及应用体系以及空间信息服务聚合流程执行等几个方面进行深入研究，主要工作和创新点包括：1、基于工作流的空间信息服务动态聚合框架：研究了空间信息服务动态聚合和传统工作流应用的不同，在此基础上提出了基于工作流技术的空间信息服务动态聚合实现机制、技术体系和参考模型，为研究空间信息服务聚合的关键技术、开发服务聚合支撑平台以及在此基础上构造特定的空间信息服务聚合应用提供了总体框架和顶层指导。2、空间信息服务聚合流程建模和分析技术：首先基于动态服务聚合流程建模的需求和空间信息服务动态变化的应用实际，从服务聚合的过程维和资源维出发定义了服务聚合流程定义元模型；与之相对应，对基本的WF-net进行扩展，提出服务聚合流程/资源网作为空间信息服务聚合流程的形式化描述模型，有效解决了现有的基于基本Petri网和工作流网的服务聚合建模方法所不能解决的不确定路径选择和服务的动态变化性问题；从流程结构正确性、数据依赖有效性和资源实现有效性三个方面提出了WSCP/R-net健壮性的概念，明确界定了聚合流程正确性的标准，并对WSCP/R-net模型的健壮性分析方法和WSCP/R-net模型的组合特性进行了研究；提出了空间信息服务聚合代数算子并对其性质进行了研究，在此基础上提出了6种聚合流程约简规则，从而可达到优化聚合流程、提高聚合流程执行效率的目的。3、空间信息服务QoS模型和应用体系：从服务本身、网络环境和服务消费者三个层次出发，提出了一个可扩展的空间信息服务QoS模型GSQM，实现了对空间信息服务的度量和评价，并对GSQM不同质量要素信息的客观、公正采集方法进行了研究；研究了空间信息服务聚合流程QoS评价方法，有效支持了空间信息服务聚合流程的执行、监控以及服务选择等操作；针对目前的服务发现模型仅支持服务功能性描述、不能有效满足空间信息服务应用需求的现状，提出了一种新的支持QoS约束的服务发现模型SDMQ，并对模型的实现框架进行了研究。4、空间信息服务聚合流程执行技术：针对现有的服务聚合流程描述语言不能有效满足空间信息服务动态聚合流程描述的特点，基于BPEL4WS提出了一种新的空间信息服务聚合流程描述语言SSPL；研究了满足健壮性要求的WSCP/R-net模型向SSPL的转换算法，在此基础上可以满足用户无显式编码来实现空间信息服务聚合应用的目的；研究了服务动态选择QoS全局优化模型，并在此基础上提出了一种解决服务动态选择QoS全局优化问题的实现算法GODSS.5、基于论文研究成果，设计实现了"空间信息服务聚合实验系统"，并构建了"矿产资源评价"和"城市消防应急响应"两个典型应用案例，对论文所述模型、方法的可行性和有效性进行了验证。

In this thesis, the discreteness of bridge response excited by train will be analysed considering the relationship between system's input energy and vibration response.

本文从系统输入能量与振动响应的关系来分析桥梁车振响应的离散性。

Therefore, the discreteness of bridge response excited by train will reflect that of this system's input energy; The largest input energy will lead to the largest vibration response.

因此，桥梁车振响应的离散性反应车--桥系统输入能量的离散性；最大的输入能量产生系统最大的振动响应。

Following that, we implement the algorithms of FOC, space vector pulse-width modulation, and speed control using the digital signal processor. Regarding to the influence of controller parameters on dynamic response of the motor speed, this thesis proposes the speed control of PMSM using self-tuning fuzzy technique. By the self-tuning technique, the on-line fuzzy logic controller output can give better speed response under the load disturbances or variable speed commands.

本文首先使用数位讯号处理器完成磁场导向控制、空间向量脉波宽度调变及速度控制之策略，针对控制器参数对系统动态响应之影响，提出采用自调式模糊控制器於速度控制回路，藉由自调式机制，线上调整模糊控制器之参数，使PMSM在变动负载及速度命令下有较佳之动态响应，达到提升系统响应及强健性之目的。

The response of the sensillar field on the maxillary palp of the cockroach was studied for different stimulants such as four salts, three sugars, eighteen amino acids and bovine serum albumin . Analytical properties such as selectivity, sensitivity, repeatability, response time, lifetime, and dose-response relationship etc. were investigated.

主要探测了四种盐、三种糖、十八种游离氨基酸和牛血清白蛋白等刺激物质作用下美洲蜚蠊下颚须味觉毛的响应及其特点；并对这一生物传感器的分析特性诸如选择性、灵敏度、重现性、响应时间、寿命、和剂量响应关系等方面进行考察。

So, in view of the peculiarities of the short-term dynamic model and the impulse response function, impulse response is stable and sensitive. In the short-term period, the central bank has a greater control of Ml through the conduction of the base currency and the result is better. It can also prove that the money multiplier of our country has long and firm relations with other elements except the base currency. Through the short-term dynamic equation, it successfully calculates the money multiplier beyond the sample and provides the basis for the central bank to prefigure the regular alteration of the money multiplier.

实证检验显示，中央银行运用货币政策工具时受外汇占款变量的制约影响太大，而再贷款成了调控基础货币投放的主要对冲手段，它的作用的发挥有赖于外汇占款的变动情况，存在明显的被动性。2、基础货币与M1和M2存在长期稳定关系，从长期来看基础货币对M2的冲击影响强于对M1的影响，而从短期来看基础货币对M1的影响要强于对M2的影响；M1和M2在基础货币冲击下具有冲击的放大传导机制和缓沖传导机制，脉冲响应具有稳定性和灵敏性，基于短期动态模型和脉冲响应函数所表现出的特征。

On the basis of the previous results and according to the central composite experimental design principles,the method of response surface method with 3 factors and 3 levels was adopted.then the factors influencing the technological parameters were determined by means of regression analysis.response surface and contour were finally graphed with the extraction rate as the response value.resultsthe optimum conditions of lycium barbarum polysaccharides extraction were as follows:the ratio of material to solvent of 1∶32,extraction temperature of 84℃ and extraction time of 2.3 h,one time extraction.conclusionthe yield of lycium barbarum polysaccharides is 11.10% under the optimum conditions.

方法在单因素实验基础上选取实验因素与水平，根据中心组合（box-benhnken）实验设计原理采用3因素水平的响应面分析法，依据回归分析确定各工艺条件的影响因子，以多糖提取率为响应值作响应面和等高线。结果在分析各个因素的显著性和交互作用后，得出枸杞多糖水浸提的最佳工艺条件为：料液比1∶32；浸提温度84℃；浸提时间2.3h；浸提1次。结论在最佳工艺条件下，枸杞多糖的实际提取率可达11.10%。

Our results showed 1 The changes in trends of leaf traits response to the rainfall gradient differed either with species or with a specific trait; 2）The same trends were found at the functional group level, However, leaf traits for grasses tends to be less sensitive, then for forbs, and the legumes is the most sensitive functional group along the rainfall gradient, indicated that the Grass function group is quite strong to the soil moisture content tolerance, and which certainly explained to the local vegetation distribution and the substitution between species.

主要结论如下：1 叶片性状在降雨量梯度上的变化趋势在物种水平上表现出多样化的特点，性状的变化趋势是否有显著的格局取决于物种或特定性状。2 叶片性状对水分梯度的响应在功能群水平上表现出各自的特点，Grass功能群对水分梯度的响应敏感性较低，Forb居中，Legume表现出较强的敏感性，表明Grass功能群对水分的耐受性比较强，这在一定程度上解释了当地克氏针茅草原上目前以禾草类为主的现状，对物种之间的替代有一定的指示性。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。