咽上的

Stereotactic radiosurgery refers to the use of small, well-collimated beams of ionizing radiation to ablate intracranial lesions.

本文主旨在介绍加马刀治疗计画KULA系统的特色，并以一复发鼻咽为例，讨论临床上使用该系统之优缺点。

In the washing out the symmetry axis of the paper machine distributed four side point, and visiting pharyngo measuremen one of the biggest noise.

在晾纸机的对称轴上分布四个侧点，并巡咽测量确定一个最大噪声点。

Now my lady has no chaperon but the housekeeper-and the housekeeper is too busy to sit at lessons.

后来她染上了猩红热-没准这会咽气了，可怜的贱货。

The papillae on lingual mucosa in ostrich didn't develop consummately and it was merely distributed on the tip of lingua.

结果显示，鸵鸟舌背面黏膜乳头发育不完善，且仅分布在舌尖处；味蕾散在分布于舌咽及上下颌的黏膜上皮，结构简单。

Methods 21 cases of craniopharyngoima in suprasellar region were resected by trans-supraorbital approach, the diameter of tumors varied from 3.0 to 6.5cm; partial cystic tumor in 13 and solid tumor in 8. Skin incision was made in eyebrow, the hemicycle bone flap was approximately 2.5cm×3.0cm, tumor was dissected in I,II,III spaces and trans-endplate.

对21例位于鞍上，肿瘤上下径为3.0～6.5cm的颅咽管瘤患者(部分囊性变者13例，完全实性者8例)，作眉弓内弧形小切口，在眶上铣开一为2.5cm×3cm的半圆形小骨瓣，术中根据肿瘤位置，从I、II、III间隙和终板入路切除肿瘤。

Curvilinear calcification suggests an aneurysm but is a less specific finding because it can also occur in craniopharyngiomas and sphenoidal masses. The intense enhancement of the residual lumen is relatively specific, but differentiation from other masses may be difficult on CT scans depending on the timing and degree of vascular enhancement. The MR imaging features are usually diagnostic, although they can be very subtle [2]. Significant signal heterogeneity is seen with T1 hyperintense signal due to subacute thrombus or flow related enhancement. Areas of T2 hypointensity can be seen due to intracellular deoxy or methemoglobin, calcification, or flow void.

线样钙化提示动脉瘤，但不是一个非常特异的征像，因为这也可以见于颅咽管瘤和蝶骨肿瘤，管腔样明显强化更特异些，但是在CT上与其他肿瘤鉴别可能是困难的，因为这取决与增强的时间与血管强化的程度，MR的特征性表现是更具有诊断意义的，即使有时候可能表现的非常细微，在T1上可以看到明显的不同信号成分，这是由于亚急性的血栓或流动相关增强效应，T2序列上可以看到低信号区域，这是由于细胞内脱氧或高铁血红蛋白，钙化，或流空效应。

During CT scan,patients were in supine position, and the teeth in the middle of the contactposition on the jaw; and maintain a static head and body during the scanningprocess, did not swallow; measurement parameters including: soft palatelength, maximum thickness of the soft palate, pharynx lateral spacing, uvula length and base width of the free edge ofsoft palate to the throat wall spacing, velopharyngeal cross-sectional area,angina cross-sectional area,thickness of retropharyngeal wall.

随机对10例患者进行系统的腭咽CT测量，测量时间为术前、术后3个月、术后6个月；测量方法为：患者在清醒状态下进行平静呼吸时的上气道CT扫描，范围自听眶线至声门。利用CT工作站进行三维重建和测量。CT扫描时患者取仰卧位，牙齿处于正中颌的接触位上。

The supraorbital approach requires a much smaller skin incision, but could provide sufficient operating space in the suprasellar region for tumor removal which not only makes excellent surgical exposure for tumor and other structure in sella region and diminish brain retractionand tissue trauma, but also benefits for total excision of craniopharyngioma. So it is an effective and safe operative approach for tumor in the sella region.

眶上锁孔入路切口小，能提供鞍上区足够的手术空间，足以显露鞍区病变及其邻近结构，且减少了脑牵拉和手术创伤，有利于颅咽管瘤的全切除，是一种安全有效的处理鞍区病灶手术入路途径。

The supraorbital approach requires a much smaller skin incision, but could provide sufficient operating space in the suprasellar region for tumor removal which not only makes excellent surgical exposure for tumor and other structure in sella region and diminish brain retractionand tissue trauma, but also benefits for total excision of craniopharyngioma.

眶上锁孔入路切口小，能提供鞍上区足够的手术空间，足以显露鞍区病变及其邻近结构，且减少了脑牵拉和手术创伤，有利于颅咽管瘤的全切除，是一种安全有效的处理鞍区病灶手术入路途径。

Hot diet, hot tea, dry rigidity food, pickled vegetables, fast hot diet, cigaretter smoking, alcoholic drinking, family history of esophageal cancer had great loading in the first common factor; the second common factors were lower body mass index, education, occupation, economic income; the third common factors were inhabitancy landform, polluted water drinking; the forth common factors were batter cake, pickled foods, tinpot vinegar, mildewed foods; the fifth common factors were tea drinking, greenness vegetables fruit, bean products and garlic and gingers and the sixth common factors were upper alimentary canal diseases, chronic oesophagus inflammation, pharyngitis, stomatitis and decayed tooth.

结果 34项影响因素间存在6个主要公因子，其中，第一公因子上因子载荷较大的有喜烫食、烫茶、干硬食物、口味重、热食且快、吸烟、饮酒、及家庭关系、脾气性格、家族史，第二公因子上因子载荷较大的有BMI、文化程度、职业、经济收入，第三公因子上因子载荷较大的有居住地形、饮水污染，第四公因子上因子载荷较大的有煎饼、腌制品、醋、发霉食物，第五公因子上因子载荷较大的有饮茶、蔬菜、水果、豆制品、姜、大蒜，第六公因子上因子载荷较大的有消化道病史、慢性食管炎、咽炎、口腔溃疡、龋齿。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。