咽

Objective:To explore the factors which lead to pharyngo-cutaneous fistula after total laryngectomy.

目的：探讨全喉切除手术后咽瘘发生的原因。

Best to go to the hospital to check, because of rough voice may be nothing, but also may have laryngitis or pharyngitis, there was a need to check.

最好去医院检查一下，因为嗓音粗有可能是什么事也没有，也有可能会有喉炎或咽炎，所以要检查。

If you do not just pharyngitis, but the old dying laryngitis.

如果只是咽炎倒不用，但喉炎旧不行了。

This subject is composed by rhniology, pharynology, laryngology esophagusology and tracheaology,otology, neck-surgery, special inflammation and occupational disease of this area.

耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科学主要包括鼻科学，咽科学，喉科学气管食管学，耳科学，颈部科学，耳鼻咽喉特殊性炎症和耳鼻咽喉的职业病。

It is showed fiber laryngoscope is of little pain and simple operation.

纤维喉镜下查取下咽及喉部间接喉镜下难取之异物有痛苦小、操作快捷的优势。

Pills or tablet, lolly or any medicines to apply for the internal body like tongue ,mouth and throat.

丸剂或片剂、糖啶（只有澳大利亚人把糖啶称作lolly）以及任何能够用于体内如舌，口腔或咽部的药物2。

Pharyngitis and cervical lymphadenitis resulting from exposure to larger infectious droplets or ingestion of infected tissues.

暴露于有传染性的较大的飞沫微粒或者摄入感染组织所致的咽炎或颈淋巴腺炎。

Cervical lymphadenopathy at initial presentation occurred in 12 patients.

结果：44例有完整随访资料的患者中，37例原发于鼻腔粘膜，5例原发于副鼻窦粘膜，2例原发于鼻咽粘膜。

Both the new peniculus 1 and the old haplokinety separated at the telophase.The two germinal rows germinal rowsfor both the daughter cells appeared almost at the same time;(2) The macronucleus became shorter and thicker, finally oblate during the division of the cell. Then the macronucleus restored its original shape, band-like form. The micronucleus were divided into two before the macronucleus division;(3) The original scopula and stalk contributed to the old cell. The new cell formed scopula gradually after the cell division.

同时，新仔虫的第一咽膜(P′1)也开始由老单毛基索复制，并在细胞分裂后期与老结构分离；(2)大核在虫体分裂过程中由长带状逐渐缩短变粗至扁圆形，于虫体即将分开时迅速拉长，然后分裂为二个新大核；小核分裂先于大核，在两仔虫口纤毛器即将分开时完成；(3)原帚胚及柄归属老仔虫，新仔虫的帚胚在虫体分裂后逐渐形成，柄内肌丝则在柄鞘形成后逐渐长出。

Patients were able to retain or rapidly regain oropharyngeal function in the majority of cases.

大部分患者能够很快的恢复口咽部的功能。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。