咳痰

Objective To evaluate the influence of the sputum collected in different time on the determination of acid-fast bacillus.

目的 探讨痰标本的咳痰时间对抗酸杆菌检查结果的影响。

"Living close to main streets or in a dense street network increases the risks for certain respiratory symptoms in adults, particularly for asthma-related symptoms such as attacks of breathlessness and wheezing and for bronchitic symptoms such as regular cough and phlegm," they conclude.

他们得出结论，"临街居住或身居密集的大街小巷中的成年人患某些呼吸症状的危险增大，特别是与哮喘有关的症状如呼吸困难，支气管炎症状如经常咳嗽和咳痰。"

Use of 3 induced sputum samples was more sensitie than use of 3 gastric washings for diagnosis of tuberculosis in patients who could not expectorate spontaneously.

运用3次诱导咳痰比3次洗胃诊断不能自行咳痰的结核病人更具敏感性。

Patients are diagnosed with chronic bronchitis if they experience sputum expectoration for more than three months of the year over a period of two years in a row, in the absence of other respiratory or cardio-vascular problems that can also generate recidivating cough.

患者被诊断为慢性支气管炎如果他们的经验痰咳痰超过3个月的这一年的期间内连续两年，在没有其他呼吸道疾病或心血管的问题，也可以产生recidivating咳嗽。

We fear coughing most. It's easy for healthy people but to me it's a big challenge. Sometimes it takes half an hour for an expectoration.

最怕咳痰，普通人肺活量好，胸肌一用力，就能吐出来，但对于我来说，那简直是一次艰难的挑战，有时候吐一口痰，要用半个小时。

A few expectoration, without phlegmy in carry blood.

少量咳痰，无痰中带血。

DISCUSSIONThe Fluimucil in adjunctive treatment could effectively improve the respiratory symptoms in respiratory disease with intractable mucoid sputum, and its curative effects is reliable and has no evident side effects.

讨论］富露施辅助治疗可明显改善伴有顽固性黏痰不易咳出的呼吸道疾病患者的咳嗽及咳痰等症状，且疗效可靠，无明显副作用。

Gastric washing, sputum induction using nebulized hypertonic saline, and bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage have all been used to obtain specimens for diagnosis, but to our knowledge, the timing and volume of induced sputum have not been well studied, and these 3 methods have not been compared.

洗胃，使用高张生理盐水雾化诱导咳痰，以及用支气管肺泡灌洗进行的支气管镜检查均被运用于诊断获得的样本，但据我们所认识到，诱导咳痰的时机和容量还未被研究，并且这3种方法尚未比较。

ConclusionThe sputum collected time has a great influence on the positive rate of acid-fast bacillus.

咳痰时间对痰标本抗酸杆菌检出有很大影响；要强调清晨痰的送检，以提高痰菌阳性检出率。

The sputum collected in different time has a great influence on the positive rate of acid-fast bacillus.The determination of morning sputum should be emphasized.

咳痰时间对痰标本抗酸杆菌检出有很大影响，要强调清晨痰的送检。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。