咳嗽的

This cough is caused by a tumor blocking passage of air or irritating the airway lining.

这咳嗽的原因是肿瘤阻塞通过空气或刺激呼吸道内层。

OBJECTIVES: We examined the effect of specific topical treatment of rhinosinusitis on cough in patients presenting with a chronic cough associated with a postnasal drip or 'nasal catarrh'.

目的：在患有慢性咳嗽伴鼻后滴漏或鼻部卡他症状的患者中，研究针对鼻窦炎的特异性局部治疗对咳嗽的作用。

ConclusionThe causes of chronic solitary cough in children included postnasal drop syndrome,cough variant asthma,postinfection cough,psychogenic cough and primary gastroesophageal reflux disease.

结论儿童慢性孤立性咳嗽的病因有鼻后滴流综合征、咳嗽变异性哮喘、感染后咳嗽、心理性咳嗽等。

Recipe for Yan-Removing Wind and Dispersing the Itch and Stopping Cough is a safe and effective drug of Chinese herbal medicine for Pharyngal Cough.

本课题在以往研究的基础上，进一步观察严氏祛风除痒止咳方治疗咽源性咳嗽的临床疗效，观察其对咽源性咳嗽症状体征的影响；并以西药为对照组，客观评价严氏祛风除痒止咳方治疗咽源性咳嗽的疗效和安全性。

However, in a 2006 study of women with an average age of 48 who had a cough lasting for six months, 39 percent were found to have asthma, 9 percent had chronic upper airway cough syndrome (commonly known as postnasal drip), and 9 percent had gastroesophageal reflux disease.

然而，在2006年对平均年龄为48岁的患有持续六个月咳嗽的妇女的一项研究表明，39%的人查出患有哮喘，9%患有慢性上呼吸道咳嗽综合症，以及9%的人患有胃食管反流疾病。

The three leading causes of chronic cough in adults are upper airway cough syndrome (UACS, also known as postnasal drip syndrome), asthma, and gastroesophageal reflux disease.

成人慢性咳嗽的三个主要原因是上呼吸道咳嗽综合症（也称为后鼻道分泌物下滴综合征）、哮喘和胃食管返流疾病。

Methods: According to the mechanism of cough reflex, the c-fibres's role in the respiratory system, and the principle of isosterism. Here, a peripheral antitussive LD was regarded as a lead compound. Amino functional groups, as substituents at the 1-hydroxy group of the racemate of LD, were introduced into the structure of the molecule. These novel compounds were confirmed by 1H-NMR, MS spectrum. Their antitussive activities were studied on mice in sequential method. The EDT50, the stimulating time that caused cough by NH3 on half of mice, were measured. Then could caculated the ratio R between the EDT50 of the treated groups and control group.

根据咳嗽反射的机制及C-纤维在呼吸系统的作用，以外周镇咳药左羟丙哌嗪为先导化合物，依据电子等排原理，在其结构中引入氨基以取代羟丙哌嗪分子中1位的羟基，设计一系列未见报道的化合物（01-15）；并采用了一条适宜的路线进行合成，通过1H-NMR、MS确证结构；采用&序贯法&实验进行新化合物的镇咳活性研究，动物模型采用氨水引咳小鼠，获得引致半数小鼠咳嗽的氨水刺激时间（EDT50）及给药组EDT50与对照组的比值R。

When the swine's bile acid, made from the waste liquid of swine's bile after bilirubin is extracted, is used as an antitussive medicine to treat the mice's cough induced by SO2 the following result is recorded: The swine's bile acid is effective in prolongating the cough latency and decreasing the cough frequency per unit time.

本文利用提取胆红素后的猪胆汁废液所制备的猪胆汁酸，作对SO_2诱发咳嗽的正常NIH系小白鼠镇咳效果观察。结果表明；猪胆汁中的胆汁酸对SO_2诱发咳嗽的小白鼠具有延长诱发咳嗽潜伏期和减少单位时间内咳嗽次数的效果。

The repeatability of the mannitol challenge assessed by intraclass correlation was C2 = 0.53 and C5 = 0.59. A cut-off in the dose of mannitol of 62 mg/ml for C2 and 550 mg/ml for C5 had a sensitivity of 69 and 62% and specificity of 69 and 81% respectively to distinguish chronic coughers from healthy controls.

组内相关分析评价甘露醇激发咳嗽重复性结果显示，C2＝0.53，C5＝0.59.C2和C5激发咳嗽的甘露醇截止剂量分别为62 mg/ml和550 mg/ml，他们区分咳嗽患者和健康对照者的敏感性分别为69％和62％，特异性分别为69％和81％。

Clinical study: 90 patients diagnosed in The Third Hospital of Beijing University according as diagnostic standards were divided into three groups stochastically:therapy group, control group I and control group II, each group has 30 patients, the therapy group was treated by the method of clarifying and descending the lungs and the stomach, the anti－cough decoction; the control group I was given acute bronchitis syrup and Jiawei Baohe pills; the control group II only given acute bronchitis syrup, after seven days treatment, the results show that the efficiency of the therapy group is 80%, that is higher than both of the control groups(p.01), the therapeutic principle and formula is effective and valued in clinic.

临床研究部分：以2001年9月－2002年3月在北京大学第三医院中医科门诊就诊的90例有胃内伤基础的外感咳嗽患者作为观察对象，随机分为3组，治疗组治以肃肺降胃法，用自拟汤药治疗；对照组I治以急支糖浆合加味保和丸；对照组II单纯用急支糖浆，并详细记录患者临床症状和体征的变化，经一个疗程（7天）的治疗，治疗组取得了80％的显效治愈率，显著优于对照组（P.01），说明这种立法与处方是可行的，具有较高的临床价值，并进一步拓宽了治疗外感咳嗽的思路与方法。

I can not make it blossom and suits me

我不能让树为我开花

When temperatures are above approximately 80 °C discolouration of the raceways or rolling elements is a frequent feature.

当温度高于 80 °C 左右时，滚道或滚动元件褪色是很常见的特征。