和指数

The background survey and tracking survey of artificial reef area in Chenghai Laiwu were carried out before and after reefing in 2003 and 2007, respectively. The results indicated that after the deployment of artificial reefs, the biomass density of fishery resources increased by 25.63 times, which were much higher than before. The resources species was much more abundant; total number increased from 23 to 41, which increased by 0.78 times. The crab resources sharply increased by 1.75 times after artificial reef were deployed. Harpodon nehereus and Portunus sanguinolentus , which did not appeared in background survey, now became the dominant species in tracking survey. There were high diversity indexes in artificial reefs area and control area in tracking survey. In conclusion, the results indicated that the fish-aggregating effect of artificial reef site has improved a lot, and the community structure and the habitat environment have been significantly improved.

摘 要：2003和2007年分别对澄海莱芜人工鱼礁区进行了投礁前的本底调查和投礁后的跟踪调查，结果表明，投礁后礁区海域游泳生物的资源密度明显比投礁前高，增加了25.63倍；礁区海域各类资源种类均比投礁前丰富，总种数由投礁前的23种增加至41种，比投礁前增加了0.78倍，其中，蟹类种数增加最多，增加了1.75倍；在本底调查中没有出现的经济种类龙头鱼 Harpodon nehereus 和红星梭子蟹 Portunus sanguinolentus 在跟踪调查中已成为主要优势种；Shannon-Wienver多样性指数在礁区和对比区均比投礁前有所增加。

Boron- and Silicone-Containing Phenolic Resin was synthesized by using barium hydroxide and zinc acetate composite catalyst. The structure of BSPR was characterized by FT-IR.

采用氢氧化钡和乙酸锌为催化剂合成了含硼和硅的酚醛树脂 BSP，用 FT- IR对其结构进行了分析，用 TGA和氧指数仪对树脂的耐热性和阻燃性进行了测试。

The problem of a curved rigid line or crack crossing the interface of the circular inclusion are studied by the principal part analysis method of Cauchy type integral equation. The singular stress index at the intersection and the singular stress at the angular regions near the intersection are obtained. The singular stress coefficients of rigid line at intersection and the stress intensity factors of crack at intersection are defined by using the singular stress.

利用Cauchy型奇异积分方程的主部分析方法对曲线型刚性线和曲线裂纹和圆夹杂界面的相交问题进行了研究，得出刚性线以及裂纹和界面交点处的奇性应力指数以及交点处角形域内的奇性应力，并利用奇性应力分别定义了刚性线在交点处的应力奇异因子和裂纹在交点处的应力强度因子。

The issues of present seismic wavelet frequency caused by different concepts, such as apparent frequency, dominant frequency, peak frequency and centroid frequency, etc., which are defined by different methods, and understanding deviation, definition of seismic wavelet frequency for time and frequency domain are concluded and summarized. On this basis, three kinds of seismic wavelets in common use such as Ricker and Zinc wavelets as well as sine wavelet with exponential attenuation characteristics are analyzed and a conclude is achieved that apparent frequency and dominant frequency are consistent in essence, but peak frequency and centroid frequency as well as apparent frequency or dominant frequency are not completely consistent with different seismic wavelets. For actual seismic data, peak frequency can approximately be used as dominant frequency, but it is not suitable when seismic wavelet is known for it can give out any wrong knowledge and results.

针对目前地震子波频率由于定义方式出现的各种概念（视频率、主频、峰值频率、中心频率等）以及理解上出现的偏差等问题，首先从时间域定义和频率域定义2个方面进行了归纳和总结，并在此基础上对3种常用地震子波（Ricker子波，Zinc子波，正弦指数衰减子波）进行了分析和研究，得出视频率与主频概念一致，但不同地震子波的峰值频率、中心频率和视频率之间并不完全一致的结论；而对于实际地震资料，将峰值频率近似看作地震子波的主频是可以的，但在地震子波已知的情形下这样做是不恰当的，甚至可能会得出错误的结论和认识。

China"s stock markets had made a great progress after 14 years" development, their functions of financing, resource disposal, liquidity providing and company management bettering had got well exerted. This means the function efficiency had been improved.2.As for the market structure, operating method and regulations conditions, the participants" structure and quality had been increased fast, the transaction cost had been greatly reduced, and issuing and liquating method had become more fair and effective, the relative laws and regulations had been better and better, the operation efficiency had been improved.3.Compared with other stock markets, China"s stock markets" indexes had performed a good random walk property, which means that the pricing efficiency had been improved.4.Compared with other advanced markets in the world, by and large, on the basis of China"s rapid improvement on economy recently, China"s stock markets" efficiency was relatively low.

根据分析研究，本文的主要结论和观点如下： 1、中国股市14年来的发展取得了重大进步，其融资、资源配置、提供流动性以及改善公司治理等功能都得到了良好的发挥，功能效率程度得到提高； 2、从股市结构、运作机制和体制环境来看，股市主体的结构和质量有了快速提高，交易成本大大降低，发行和流通方式更加公平、有效，各项法律法规也不断得到完善，其运作效率程度得到提高； 3、与世界主要股票市场相比，中国股市指数的随机游走特性逐渐良好，说明14年来，中国股市定价效率得到了快速提高； 4、中国股市与世界先进市场相比，综合来看，考虑到中国股市的发展背景和近几年国民经济的快速发展，其效率还是较低的。

Result shown: value of fractal dimension is a comprehensive index, which reflect the changes of landscape, patch areas, patch numbers, area per patch, and their interaction. And the index can reflect the irregular degree and the complex degree of landscape patch in dumping place. The fractal dimension of mixed vegetation of arbors – shrubs and mixed vegetation of shrubs maintain the high level, while fractal dimension of new reclamation land and grass land are low. The difference of other type landscape fractal dimension is not significant. Vegetation landscape is influenced by many kinds of factors. It is primarily influenced by surface material composition and terrain in south and west dumping place, which diversity index is high. It is primarily influenced by vegetation type in inner dumping place and expanded west dumping place. The landscape multiplicity index of the mixed vegetation of grass and shrubs is higher than other landscape type, but landscape dominance index of this area maintains on the lower level.

结果表明：分维数的大小反映了景观斑块面积、斑块数量和平均斑块面积等因素的相互作用，反映了排土场内景观斑块的不规则程度和复杂程度；乔灌混交地和灌木混交地保持着较高的分维数，新造复垦地和草地的分维数较低，其它景观类型的分维数则差别不大；植被景观受多种因子的影响，在南排土场、西排土场受地表物质组成和地形的影响为主，其多样性指数较高，在内排土场、西排扩大区受植被类型的影响为主；草灌混交地的景观多样性远高于其它现有的复垦植被区，但其景观优势度则保持在较低水平上。

The results showed that under increasing field temperature in the period from male tetrad to maturing stage, the grain yield of ND108 and YD13 decreased by 46.6% and 45.1%, leaf area index decreased by 15.4% and 11.5%, and net photosynthetic rate of ear leaf decreased by 22.85% and 18.14%, respectively, compared with the control.

结果表明：大喇叭口期到成熟期增温显著降低了夏玉米籽粒产量，ND108和YD13的籽粒产量分别较对照降低了46.6%和45.1%；叶面积指数平均值分别降低了15.4%和11.5%；穗位叶叶片光合速率平均值分别降低了22.85%和18.14%；两个玉米品种叶片的叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量显著降低，但对叶绿素a的影响更显著。

In different degree of saline and alkali conditions controlled in lab or under field, contents as followed were determined: the absorption, transportation and distribution of major cations Na~+, K~+, Ca~(2+and Mg~(2+) in indicator plant; organic solute, and antioxidase activities, including superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase POD characteristics of individual, population and community of the plant. Responses of the indicator plant to environment from physiological to community aspects were systemically discussed in this document.(1 Vegetional characteristics and edaphic indicators including bare patch index, dry biomass, percent cover by perennial plants, growth indicators of Leymus chinensis, soil organic matter and pH were sensitive to saline-alkali grassland degeneration.

运用室内控制和野外试验相结合的方法，调查和测定在不同土壤盐碱条件、不同季节里，主要元素Na~+、K~+、Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)在植物体内吸收、运输和分布的变化状况；研究不同土壤离子浓度下，指示植物体内渗透调节物质——脯氨酸和糖类、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶活性等指标的变化响应情况；研究不同盐碱梯度下，植物个体、种群、群落的特征；系统的从生理生态角度探讨指示植物对盐碱环境的响应：(1)植被特征指标：裸地指数、生物量、多年生植物覆盖率；羊草生长状况指标：土壤有机质含量、pH可作为松嫩平原退化评价的指标。

Methods: The authors conducted medical record reviews and telephone interviews of 106 consecutive patients with ACL reconstruction using quadrupled semitendinosus-gracilis autograft from 2004 to 2006. Data included anthropometric measurements (height, mass, gender, and age at the time of surgery). Hamstring diameter was obtained using cylindrical sizers in 0.5-mm increments and recorded in the patient's surgical record. Correlation coefficients and stepwise, multiple linear regression were used to determine the relationship between the outcome variable and the predictor variables (age, gender, height, mass, and BMI). Independent sample t tests were used to compare hamstring graft diameter between genders.

从2004年到2006年作者对106名相关的采用股四头肌半腱肌-股薄肌自体移植重建前十字交叉韧带的病人进行了病历综述和电话随访，资料包括人体测量结果(手术时的身高，体重，性别和年龄)，腘绳肌肌腱的直径用计算机圆柱分检器以0.5毫米的增值测量并记录在病人的手术病历中，相关系数和逐步，多个直线回归被用来确定结果变量和猜测变量(年龄，性别，身高，体重和体重指数)之间的关系，独立样本的t检验被用来比较不同性别之间的腘绳肌腱移植物的直径。

Polymorphic loci, polymorphic frequencies, Nei's index of phenotypic diversity and Shannon index were 228, 62.81%, 0.2781, 0.4092, respectively, among Changjiang population, and 269, 74.10%, 0.3077, 0.4493, respectively, among Minjiang population. The results suggested that the two East Sea eel populations had abundant genetic variation, and the Minjiang river population was lower than the Changjiang river population, which indicated that high levels of genetic variation existed in the natural populations of Chinese Anguilla japonica.

结果表明：6对选择性扩增引物共检测到363个位点其中闽江流域群体和长江口群体的多态位点数、多态位点频率、Nei's基因多样性系数、Shannon's信息指数分别为228和269、 62.81%和74.10%、 0.2781和0.3077、0.4092和0.4493，日本鳗鲡这两个群体均具有较丰富的遗传变异，但闽江流域群体的明显低于长江口群体。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。