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New parameter estimation Markov recursive algorithm for continuous stochastic linear system and bilinear system is proposed.

基于小波变换的连续随机线性和双线性系统参数辨识Markov方法分析研究了连续维纳过程在小波变换下的统计特性，给出了维纳过程的离散小波变换系数所构成的离散随机过程的协方差矩阵计算和估计方法，基此提出了线性和双线性连续随机系统参数辨识的Markov估计方法及其递推算法。

The company's leadership position in fundamental patents, technology, and know-how relating to RNAi has enabled it to form major alliances with leading companies including Medtronic, Novartis, Biogen Idec, Roche, Takeda, Kyowa Hakko Kirin, and Cubist.

该公司的领导地位，在基本专利，技术和技术诀窍有关RNAi技术，使它能够形式主要联盟与领先的公司，包括美敦力，诺华， Biogen Idec生物医药公司，罗氏，武田，协和发酵麒麟，和立体。

Events,Operation and Relation of Sets, Classical Probability, Geometrical Probability , Statistical Stability of a Frequency, Axioms of Probability, Conditional Probability, Total Probability Theorem, Bayes' Rule,Independent Events,Independent Repeated Trials, One Dimensional Random Variables, Discrete Random Variables, Distribution Function of a Random Variables , Continuous Random Variables, Normal Distribution, Distribution of a Function of a Random Variable, Multidimensional Random Variables, Joint Distribution Function, Marginal Distribution Function,Discrete Two—Dimensional Random Variables,Continuous Two—Dimensional Random Variables, Independent Random Variables, Distribution of Functions of Random Variables,Expectation,Variance, Covariance, Coefficient of Correlation, Bivariate Normal Distribution, Law of Large Numbers, The Central Limit Theorems, Sample and Population ,Chi—Squared, T and F Distributions , Sampling Distributions , Point Estimation , Interval Estimation , Testing Hypotheses , A Test of Significance for Parameters in a Single Sample From a Normally Distributed Population , A Test of Significance for Parameters in Two Sample From Normally Distributed Populations .

本课程的主要内容：概率的概念与运算、随机变量及其分布、随机变量的数字特征与极限定理、数理统计的基本概念、估计和检验的基本方法，随机事件与概率随机事件、事件的关系与运算、几何概率、统计概率等，条件概率、全概率公式、贝叶斯公式、事件的独立性、二项概率公式，随机变量的概念、离散型随机变量、随机变量的分布函数、连续型随机变量、随机变量函数的分布，多维随机变量及其分布函数、边缘分布函数、随机变量的独立性、二维随机变量函数的分布，数学期望、方差、协方差和相关系数、大数定律、中心极限定理，总体与样本， X 2-分布、 t-分布和 F-分布，统计量及抽样分布，假设检验的基本概念、单个正态总体参数的显著性检验、两个正态总体参数的显著性检验。

U in Fukien was the one of changing the religious education as the main into worldly education, as weU as changing Christian culture spread in China into the exchange between Chinese culture and western culture, also it was the process of Christianization coordinated with Chinese characteristics.

福建协和大学在闽办学的过程，是宗教教育为主向世俗教育为主的转变过程，是基督文化对华传布向中西文化交流为主的转变过程，更是基督化和中国化不断"协和"的过程。

The maximum principle of the optimal control for the stochastic systems described by Zakaj stochastic partial sifferential equationis proved by approximately minimum point theorem of E. Ekeland. The convexity and compactness of the set of control values is not assumed, and it is not necessary for the maximum principle about differentiability in control variables included in drift term of the stoch astic system and the integrand in index functional, and costate process satisfies the stochastic partial ...

在不假便定控制变量取值的集合是凸的和紧的，不要求随机系统的漂移项和指标泛函的被积函数关于控制变量具有可微性的情况下，用E，Ekeland的近似极小点定理证明了Zakai随机偏微分方程描述的随机系统的最优控制的最大值原理，和用很简洁的方法证明了协态过程满足一个随机偏微分方程。

This paper collects the data which reflect the population structure and per capita GDP of China from 1978 to 2006, utilizes the econometric analysis method of Johansen cointegration test and vector error correction model, combines the current condition and the result of the model, analyzes the effects of China's population structure on the economic growth and puts forward some suggestions.

郑娜(杭州电子科技大学，浙江杭州310018)摘要：本文搜集了我国1978-2006年的人口结构和人均GDP数据，利用Johansen协整检验和向量误差修正模型的计量经济方法，结合现实情况和模型的结果，分析了我国人口结构对经济增长的影响并提出相关建议。

Using China's data and India's data of 1965~2004,we analyze the long-run equilibrium relationship and the short-run dynamic process among energy consumption,technology and civil economic growth,by establishing VAR models,doing Johansen Cointegration and Vector Error Correction M...

通过检验中国和印度1965~2004年间的实证数据，运用VAR模型、Johansen协整检验和向量误差修正模型等方法，对两国的能源及技术与经济增长的长期关系和短期动态影响进行了比较分析。

within the framework of permanent income hypothesis or life-cycle theory, this paper applies johansen co-integration test, granger causality test and ols regression method in the empirical analysis and comparison of the impacts of stock price and housing price on consumption of china in 1997-2006.the results show that the wealth effects is weak and the effects of housing is larger than that of stock, then corresponding enlightenments are put forward.

文章在持久收入假说或生命周期理论模型的框架下，运用johansen协整检验、granger因果检验和ols回归方法对1997—2006年股价和房价影响我国消费的效应及其大小进行了实证研究和比较分析，结果发现资产的财富效应较弱且房价对消费的效应大于股价的效应，最后提出了相应的启示。

This thesis mainly discuss following issues, Theory and simple expressions for array covariance matrixes are derived when angular spread functions are symmetric distribution functions, i. e. the Uniform distribution, the Gauss distribution, the Laplace distribution and the Von Mises distribution, and a non-symmetric distribution function, i. e. the Gamma distribution. And the relation between the effective signal subspace and the array number, or and the nominal angle of the distributed source, the angular spread, the distributed functions, and the Signal-to-Noise Ratio is gained. The dimension of the effective signal subspace increases with increment of the array number. And it is more obvious to the non-symmetric distribution. The dimension of the effective signal subspace decreases with increment of the nominal angle. And the distributed source is equal to a point source as θ=π/2. The dimension of the effective signal subspace increases with increment of the angular spread.

本论文针对阵列信号处理中广泛存在的分布源现象，主要讨论了以下问题：推导了角度分布函数分别为对称的均匀分布、高斯分布、拉普拉斯分布、Von Mises分布和非对称的伽马分布时，分布源阵列接收信号协方差阵的严格模型和简化模型，得到了单个分布源的有效信号子空间随阵元数、分布源中心角、分布角、角度分布函数和信噪比的变化规律：随着阵元数的增加，对所有角度分布函数的有效信号子空间维数也随着增加，且非对称分布函数的有效信号子空间充满整个空间的可能性更大；随着分布源中心角逐步增加，有效信号子空间维数逐步减小，当θ=π/2时，等价于点源情形；随着分布源分布角逐渐加大，有效信号子空间维数也随之增加，直到有效信号子空间充满整个空间；随着信噪比的增加，有效信号子空间维数有一定程度的减少。

First,by choosing a control function for a local adaptive optimal neighborhood,the filter window is set in the region with similar normals to avoid the problem of shrinkage and over-smoothing.

首先通过自适应选取最优邻域控制函数来将滤波窗口限制在顶点法向量相近的区域，以防止滤波后模型的收缩和过光顺；然后运用协方差矩阵分析的方法，在最优邻域内计算出各采样点的法向量和曲率；最后以采样点滤波参考平面为基准，分别平滑采样点的法向量和位置，即先对采样点的法向量进行多边平滑，然后根据新的法向量来多边平滑输出各采样点的位置偏移量，最后在法向方向上移动该顶点，以达到降噪的目的。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。