命题

Coase Theorem related to free exchange, Coase Theorem related to transaction cost and Coase Theorem related to complete competition rely on the definitions of" transaction cost"," free exchange" and" efficiency", which are related to logical fallacies.

自由交换版科斯命题、交易成本版科斯命题和完全竞争版科斯命题是否是同义反复或者逻辑谬误在于"交易成本"、"自由交换"和"效率"的定义，实际上属于是否逻辑谬误的问题。

Proposition logic takes the proposition as the fundamental research object mathematization logical system,propo- sition logic is the mathematical logic foundation,also is the theoretical basic of computer science and the technical.

命题逻辑是一个以命题为基本研究对象的数学化的逻辑系统，命题逻辑是数理逻辑的基础，也是计算机科学与技术的理论基础。

Disjunction normal form theorem in the modal logic system S5 is inductively proved, which can be used for representing complex modal formulas by means of conjunction and disjunction of simplest modal formulas with depth at most 1 in the system S5. As application, it is proved that a knowledge base could answer KB-queries if and only if it could answer queries of non-modal propositions and their negations, which is a basic problem on knowledge base.

研究了模态逻辑系统S5中的析取范式定理的归纳证明，给出了在S5中用深度至多等于1的最简模态公式通过析取与合取运算表示含有多重模态词的公式的方法，作为范式定理的应用，讨论了知识库中的一个基本问题，证明了知识库能够回答KB命题式问题的充要条件是该知识库能够回答相关的非模态命题及其否定命题的问题。

To the predicate calculus on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Logic, a symmetric synthetic method for finding the truth of IFL propositions using membership and hesitancy degree is proposed on the basis of the hypothesis of an equilibrium state of supportability and opposability of neutral evidences indicated in the intuitionistic index. The fundamental operation rules on IFL propositions are presented.

摘要针对直觉模糊逻辑及命题演算，基于直觉指数所表征的中立证据中支持与反对的程度呈均衡状态的假设，提出利用隶属度与犹豫度计算直觉模糊逻辑命题真值的对称合成方法，给出直觉模糊逻辑命题的运算规则。

Finally,a simplified case of BOFL,i.e.Boolean Operator Propositional Logicestablished on a Boolean algebra,is further discussed.A complete algorithmfor finding the true level and false level of a formula in BOPL,which subsumes the re-lated work by Wang H.in the propositional logic,is also provided.

对布尔算子模糊逻辑的简化情形一布尔算子命题逻辑作了进一步讨论，放宽了对真值域的要求，将布尔算子命题逻辑建立在布尔代数上，并推广了命题逻辑中的王浩算法，给出了一个完备的求给定公式恒真水平和恒假水平的机械推导算法。

In the field of propositional logic in computer logic, the Logic Equivalent of propositional is fundermental.

在逻辑语言的命题演算中，命题式的等价是一个基础性的问题，在判定命题式等价问题中，真值表示比较常用的一个方式。

This paper introduced the some theories of propositional logic, and gave the Computer implementation of the propositional logic calculations based on VC++.

本文在对数理逻辑领域的命题演算课题进行理论研究的基础上，对命题式的真值计算和一阶谓词命题式的前束范式化简进行了基于 VC++平台的编程实现。

Furthermore, we discuss the truth degree of the propositional formula in two-valued propositional logic system.

并对命题公式的蕴涵问题进行等价描述；对二值命题逻辑系统的程度化研究中命题公式的真度问题进行讨论。

Having combination of the theory of truth degree in metrology of logic with the theory of ∑-α-tautologies in fuzzy logic, which have been introduced by professor G.J.Wang, the theory of ∑Γ-truth degree was introduced, and its properties which induce a pseudometric on F were investigated. The results gained have complemented and enhanced the original theory, and the work delivers a new frame for fuzzy reasoning.

将模糊命题逻辑中的∑-α-重言式理论与计量逻辑学中的真度理论相结合，在经典二值命题演算系统L中引入了公式相对于有限理论的∑Γ-真度理论，较为详细地讨论了它们的性质，并利用∑Γ-真度的性质在公式集F上引入了ρΓ-伪距离，对原有的理论进行了加强和补充，为在模糊命题逻辑系统的有限理论中讨论结论的程度化问题奠定了基础。

It is necessarily true that questions are answerable in the same way as it is necessarily true that propositions are verifiable or falsifiable.

问题必定有答案，正如命题必定可证实或证伪。陈述语气的句子要陈述命题的话，必定有发现命题的对错的方法，而疑问句要陈述问题，必定有一些可能的答案和选择正确答案的方法。」他后来问我，同意不同意这个说法？

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失