呼吸道

Reduce the risk of influenza and pneumococcal disease in older adults.

降低老年人感染呼吸道疾病的风险

Results Among the 48 patients infected with PM, 38 were respiratory infection. ICU was the main endemic area, accounting for 29.2%, followed by departments of respirology and neurosurgery. Of the 48 patients, 41 suffered various underlying diseases, and 38 with polymicrobial infection.

结果 48例嗜麦芽假单胞菌感染者中呼吸道感染最多，占38例；病区分布以重症监护室最多，占29.2%，其次为呼吸内科、神经外科。48例嗜麦芽假单胞菌感染病人多具有多种基础疾病及多菌种感染，其中有两种以上疾病者41例，多菌种感染者38例。

Methods 30 patients with chronic respiratory disease were randomly divided into two groups in a double-blind,parallel comparison study,16 patients in the group received Fudosteine tablets,400 mg,po,tid,and 14 patients in the control group received Ambroxol hydrochloride tablets,60 mg,po,tid,both were treated postprandially and for consecutively 7 days.

方法以盐酸氨溴索片为对照药，采用随机双盲、平行对照的试验方法，将30例有慢性呼吸道疾病的患者随机分为两组，即福多斯坦组16例和盐酸氨溴索组14例。福多司坦组给予福多司坦片，每次400 mg，tid，饭后服用；盐酸氨溴索组给予盐酸氨溴索片，每次60 mg，tid，饭后服用。

More in winter and spring festival onset, premorbid history of more than a viral infection, upper respiratory tract infections, rubella, measles, chickenpox, mostly; also available on the vaccine after the incubation period between infection and purpura more than 1 to 3 weeks.

多在冬、春季节发病，病前多有病毒感染史，以上呼吸道感染、风疹、麻疹、水痘居多；也可在疫苗接种后，感染与紫癜间的潜伏期多在1~3周内。

Results:There was no significant difference among A,B,C group in the terms of the incision,abdominal and pulmonic infection incidence rate,but there was significant difference in terms of the pollution rate of incision and abdominal cavity and the operation time.

具有以下因素之一者不列为本组研究对象：急性胆囊炎，术前有黄疸，糖尿病，免疫缺陷性疾病，术前长期服用激素类药物，有慢性呼吸道疾病史，术前3周内胆囊炎急性发作，孕妇肝硬化肝功能失代偿期。

Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, which was caused by the Bovine herpersvirus-1(BHV-1), was acute, pyrexic and contagious, and incurred great economic loss to the global cattle husbandry. IBR was listed as the B disease by OIE, and was the main object quarantined in the international trade and the animals imported to China.

牛传染性鼻气管炎(infectious bovine rhinotracheitis，IBR)是由I型牛疱疹病毒(bobine herpesivirus-1，BHV-1)引起牛的一种以上呼吸道炎症为主的急性、热性、接触性传染病，给全球养牛业造成了巨大的经济损失，被国际兽医局列为B类疾病，属我国进境动物和国际动物贸易重点检疫的对象。

Sex of vitamin D lack is rachitic the common disease that is infant period, frequently-occurring disease, vitamin D lack is divided outside can causing system of skeletal, nerve, muscle and haemal biochemistry change, still can immunize function drops, cause all sorts of infection, relapse especially respiratory tract is affected .

概要： 维生素D缺乏性佝偻病是婴幼儿时期的常见病、多发病，维生素D缺乏除可引起骨骼、神经、肌肉系统及血液生化改变外，还能使免疫功能下降，导致各种感染，尤其是反复呼吸道感染。

objective to investigate the infection of mycoplasma pneumoniae in children.methods the glutin agglutination rection was used, the diluting power of antibody of mycoplasma pneumoniae was more then 1:80, it was a positive sample.results 1 817 patients were detected, the positive rate was 30.7%,the female rate was higher than male rate, the highest rate were between three to six years old.conclusion mycoplasma pneumoniae is the main pathogen in children with respiratory tract infection, the positive rate was connected with age and nearly contact each other.

目的 了解肺炎支原体在青少年中的感染情况。方法采用明胶凝集的方法，若抗mp-igm滴度≥1：80，为阳性。结果共检测1817例，阳性率为30.7%，女性阳性高于男性，3～6岁的儿童阳性率最高。结论肺炎支原体的感染是青少年呼吸道感染的重要病原菌，阳性率与年龄有关，密切接触可引起局部流行。

A small number of patients have difficulties breathing and suffer from hoarseness because the refluxed fluid irritates the larynx and respiratory tract.

少数的病人会因为回流液刺激到喉部和呼吸道致使呼吸困难并且声音沙哑。

Results: There was no difference of age, BMI, AHI and pulse oxygen between the stricture group and the nonstricture group. The coronal and the arrow diameters of the stricture group were less than those of the nonstricture group. The thickness of the retropharyngeal and lateral pharyngeal wall, and the width and length of the tongue of the stricture group were larger than those of the nonstricture group.

结果：两组患者的一般临床资料无明显差别，舌后区狭窄组的舌后区呼吸道左右径、前后径明显小于非狭窄组，狭窄组的咽后壁、咽侧壁软组织厚度、舌体宽度、舌体长度和舌体截面积等CT测量数据明显大于非狭窄组。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。