呼吸道

objective to discuss perioperative complication and management of patient with high risk copd following esophagectomy.methods 45 patients with high risk copd underwent esophagectomy with epidural block combined with general anesthesia.perioperative treatment included smoking cessation,chest physiotherapy,prevention and control of infection of air way and appropriate bronchodilators of air way,breathing exercises,nutrition support and oxygen therapy.painkiller was instilled after surgery,early exercises,ensuring unobstruction of the air way,mechanical ventilation was applied when needed.results 3 had hypoxaemia in operation.after surgery,all patients had spo2 somewhat declined.6 had lung infection.6 were removed of bronchial secretion by bronchoscope.2 were supported by ventilator by using intubation.2 underwent tracheotomy.1 had disturbances of acid base balance and treated by using hydrochloric acid muriatic acid.all patients recovered rather smoothly and discharged from hospital.conclusion high risk copd is not the absolute contraindication of esophagectomy.active management before and after surgery ensures the safety and recovery of patients.

目的 探讨重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病简称慢阻肺病人食管切除术围手术期常见并发症及其处理。方法 45例重度慢阻肺的病人在全麻联合硬膜外阻滞下进行开胸食管切除手术，围手术期处理包括术前戒烟、胸部理疗、预防和控制呼吸道感染、解痉化痰、呼吸功能锻炼、营养支持和氧疗；术后硬膜外镇痛、早期锻炼、保持呼吸道通畅，部分病人予以呼吸支持。结果术中3例出现低氧血症。术后所有病人pao2均有不同程度的下降，6例出现肺部感染，6例行纤维支气管镜吸痰，2例通过气管插管给予呼吸机支持，2例行气管切开术，1例酸碱平衡紊乱使用盐酸精氨酸治疗。所有病人均痊愈出院。结论重度慢阻肺病人并非开胸食管切除手术的绝对禁忌证，积极的术前准备和严格的术后管理可减少和控制术后急性发作，有助于确保此类病人的围手术期安全和康复。

First, Some studies rule out severe respiratory disease and contain only nonfatal respiratory disease in the study population.

研究族群排除了较严重的呼吸道疾病而剩下非致命性呼吸道疾病的人来纳入研究。

Methods Volunteers of medical staff responsible for respiratory infection from 7 hospitals in Hubei province were enrolled. A self-report standard questionnaire was used to assess the general state of well-being and the frequency of airway infection during recent two years. Sera from the medical staffs and from the age-matched healthy subjects of nonmedical occupation were tested by ELISA for SCPIgG.

方法随机抽样湖北地区7所医院中经常接诊呼吸道感染患者自愿参加的健康医务人员，以问卷方式询问他们近2年发生呼吸道感染的机会；以ELISA法检测血清CP特异性免疫球蛋白G抗体，并与健康体检非医务成人SCPIgG抗体资料进行比较。

The patient after complete hemp drops after incidental tongue ministry of block larynx pharynx, the common cause that this is respiratory tract block [3] , often happen at pulling out the narcotic after tracheal spile, skeletal flesh is flabby medicine the patient that rudimental muscle strength has not recover completely [4] , as a result of ministry of old people mouth and pharynx ministry musculature is flabby, fat person cervical short, give out when breath lose by force the snore that differ, contain chirp news sometimes, expression is not block of complete respiratory tract [5, 6] , and pulse oxygen degree of saturation (SpO2) is shown undertake the gender drops.

全麻后患者轻易发生舌后坠阻塞喉咽部，这是呼吸道梗阻的常见原因[3]，常发生于拔除气管插管后麻醉药、骨骼肌松弛药残留肌力尚未完全恢复的患者[4]，由于老年人口部和咽部肌肉组织松弛，肥胖者颈部短，呼吸时发出强弱不等的鼾声，有时带有哨音，表现为不完全呼吸道梗阻[5，6]，而脉搏氧饱和度(SpO2)呈进行性下降。

The four-week twice immunized hamsters acquired anti-MP in-fection capacity in local respiratory tract,as a result that swab culuturepositise was belove that of unimmunization group,and that only onehumster's lavage fluid culture was positive in immunization group.How-ever,unimmunization group positive rate of swabs and lavage fluid cul-ture was very high.This hinted that local respiratory tract's anti-MPinfection capacity was weak at the primary infection and the ability de-veloped gradually.4.The sIgA change in broncheal-lung lavage fluid.

而未免疫组咽拭子和支气管肺泡灌洗液MP分离培养的阳性均很高，说明在初次感染时，呼吸道局部防御清除MP的作用差，但随着时间的推移，其灌洗液培养的周次阳性率有下降趋势，MP培养的滴度亦随之降低，说明在感染以后随着时间的推移，呼吸道局部逐渐产生了防御、清除MP感染的作用。

objective to analyze the strain distribution of the fungi causing lower respiratory tract infection and the correlated factors so as to provide referential information for early diagnosis and treatment.method retrospective study was made on 84 inpatients with lower respiratory tract fungous infection.results it was found that the incidence of blastomyces albicans infection tended to decline and the proportion of non-blastomyces albicans infection tended to rise.

目的 分析下呼吸道真菌感染菌种分布及主要相关因素，为早期诊治提供依据。方法对84例下呼吸道真菌感染住院患者相关资料进行回顾性分析。

Objective Exploring the method of improving the quality of respiratory tract burn in the basic hospital.Methods According to the state of illness,the nursing must be done during the bronchostomy with antibiotic appropriately.The nurition of alimentary canal and vein should be strengthened.

目的 探索提高基层医院呼吸道烧伤护理质量的方法方法根据病情做好气管切开术术后护理；适量使用抗生素；加强消化道以及静脉营养；做好呼吸道湿化以及排痰护理；加强心理疏导，调动患者战胜疾病的积极性。

Results:6 cases of group A and 24 cases of group B had endobronchitis and pneumonia,their difference was significant.

结果：术毕24h，A组呼吸道、肺部感染6例，B组呼吸道、肺部感染26例，A、B两组有显著统计学意义。

Results Total 19 times of postoperative respiratory complications occurred in 4 cases which included hepatopulmonary syndrome, pleural effusion, atelectasis, stethemia, pulmonary interstitial edema, pneumonia and tracheorrhagia.

结果 4例肝移植术后出现各种呼吸道并发症19例次，包括肝肺综合征、胸腔积液、肺不张、肺充血、肺间质水肿、肺感染及呼吸道出血。

In this study, oral tolerance was induced by tube-feeding transgenic mice with 0.5mg/day OVA protein daily, simultaneously sensitized by OVA protein with aluminum hydroxide. Oral-administered OVA protein (0.5mg/day for 5 or 10 consecutive days) resulted in significant lowered airway hypersensitivity as well as reduced inflammative cells infiltration, titer of serum OVA-specific IgE, IL-5 secretion in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and IL-4 secretion in splenocyte.

首先，本实验於小鼠中成功诱发了呼吸道过敏、大量OVA特异性IgE抗体生成、及嗜酸性白血球不正常聚集等现象；致敏前，同以连续管餵小鼠OVA抗原(0.5mg/day) 5天或10天后，结果显示皆能缓和呼吸道阻力、减低肺部发炎细胞浸润现象、降低血清中OVA特异性IgE抗体的生成量、也减少肺部冲洗液及脾脏细胞内第二型辅助T细胞(type II helper T cell， Th2)细胞激素的分泌(IL-4、IL-5)。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。