呼吸的

This experiment was carried out during 2002~2004 in Shan-dong Agricultural University. The dynamic changes of respiratory metabolism in dormant bud of two nectarine cultivars, Wuyuehuo and Shuguang, which have different Chilling requirements, were studied in the experiment. The soluble sugar, starch, soluble protein and amino acid in flower bud and scale, temperature, regulator, and shading were tested to discuss their effects on the respiratory metabolism.

本试验于2002年10月至2003年12月在山东农业大学进行，以需冷量不同的油桃品种曙光、五月火为试材，测定了不同需冷量品种的油桃花芽冬季休眠期间呼吸代谢的动态变化，以及呼吸基质及蛋白质和氨基酸的动态变化，探讨了呼吸代谢与自然休眠的关系；同时又测定了温度、遮荫、除芽鳞片以及生长调节剂对呼吸代谢的影响效果，探讨了影响油桃休眠的外界因子。

In section of control of ventilation, students will learn respiration centers (medullary center, apneustic center, pneumotaxic center), and are required to master pulmonary stretch reflex (Hering-Breuer reflex), to understand other respiratory reflexes, to master the site and features of central chemoreceptor

了解节律性呼吸运动的起源。掌握肺牵张反射，了解其他呼吸反射。化学因素对呼吸活动的调节，掌握外周化学感受器与中枢化学敏感区的定位和功能特点，血液CO2、H+、O2浓度的变化对呼吸活动的影响及其作用机制。

Use intermittent positive pressure ventilation mode in ALI dogs, calculate Elastance and Resistance, then change to PAV, set the assist ratio 80％、60％、40％、20％randomly, Observe the changes of respiratory mechanics、blood gas analysis and hemodynamics during mechanical ventilation.

结果：随着辅助比例的增加气道峰压、气道平均压、潮气量、呼吸机呼吸功均增加，犬呼吸功减少。

It is now apparent that the "natural history" of acute respiratory failure is greatly influenced by the manner in which the lung is ventilated and that VILI contributes to the pathology of respiratory failure.

如今，已经明确的是，急性呼吸衰竭的发展过程主要受肺的呼吸方式，并且呼吸机所致肺损伤对呼吸衰竭的病理有一定的影响。

Compare the lung injury extent and the important physiological parameters to determine the optimal condition for rabbit ventilator induced lung injury, Choosing another 24 new Zealand rabbit, randomly divided into 4 groups:(1)conventional ventilation+PEEP group;(2)ventilator induced lung injury group: employ the experimental condition determined by the first part experiment;(3)VILI+HO-1 inducer hemin group:pre-treated with HO-1 inducer, the ventilation method is the same with VILI group;(4)VILI+HO-1 inhibitor Zn-PP group(Zn-PP group):pre-treated with HO-1 inhibitor, the ventilation condition is the same with VILI group.

第二部分24只家兔随机分为4组：(1)常规潮气量+PEEP组；(2)呼吸机所致肺损伤组：使用实验第一部分确定的最适条件；(3)呼吸机所致肺损伤+HO-1诱导剂干预组：预先给予氯铁血红素，通气条件同VILI组；(4)呼吸机所致肺损伤+HO-1阻断剂干预组：预先给予锌原卟啉，通气条件同VILI组。

Traditional machinery aerates send lung ventilator dependency pneumonic , lung ventilator (the happening of the complication such as ALI), remove machine difficulty to lung ventilator is depended on and be being sent. In June 2005 ~2007 year in December, we are used without achieve machinery to aerate auxiliary cure spends organic phosphor again toxic choline can high resemble and ARF 30 exemple, effect satisfaction.

传统机械通气致呼吸机相关性肺炎、呼吸机相关肺损伤等并发症的发生，并对呼吸机依靠而致撤机困难。2005年6月~2007年12月，我们采用无创机械通气辅助治疗重度有机磷中毒胆碱能危象并ARF 30例，效果满足。

"Although we expected marked improements in the apnea-plus-hypopnea index primarily in patients with hypopneas rather than obstructie apneas, lowered the index in all subjects,"

&尽管我们期望在呼吸减弱非阻塞性呼吸暂停患者中能显著改善呼吸暂停低通气指数，而此项治疗可降低所有受试者的这项指数。&

Aim:(1) The purpose of this study is to examine whether protein tyrosine kinase and AMPA receptor in the nucleus tractus solitarius and nucleus ambiguus were involved in the regulation of normoxia and hypoxia respiratory response by microinjection of PTK inhibitor and non-NMDA receptor antagonist;(2) To observe the change of number of phosphotyrosine immunopositive neurons in NTS and NA before and after hypoxia using immunohistochemical methods and whether tyrosine phosphorylation and GluR1 in postsynaptic membrane co-localize in NTS and NA neurons.

目的：(1)观察向家兔脑干孤束核或疑核内微量注射酪氨酸蛋白激酶阻断剂和谷氨酸AMPA受体阻断剂对常氧呼吸和低氧呼吸反应的影响，探讨PTK和AMPA受体在低氧呼吸反应中的作用。(2)观察低氧通气后NTS和NA磷酸化酪氨酸免疫阳性神经元的数量变化；观察磷酸化酪氨酸和AMPA受体亚单位GluR1在突触后膜共存的情况，推测在低氧呼吸反应中AMPA受体和PTK信号转导途径的关系。

Thus, the membrane of the neurons in the respiratory center and CRCs may own TASK-1, which can sense the change of H+ or CO2 of the extracellular fluid and enhance the output of the respiration by increasing the excitability of the neurons.

因此，我们推测TASK-1可能存在于呼吸中枢和/或中枢化学感受器，当细胞外H+或CO2增加时，可通过作用于该通道而增加呼吸相关神经元的兴奋性，使呼吸活动增强。

Students should have developed , the ability to make full use of lung capacity, and have practiced synchronising breath and movement before moving to the more demanding techniques involving breath retention.

呼吸技巧的习练应该是循序渐进的，学员最好培养呼吸意识以及充分利用肺活量的能力，在练习需要屏息的高级呼吸法之前必须习练如何将呼吸和动作相结合。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。