周期率

1Niche construction can lead to stable coexistence of diverse genotypes in spatially structured population, which supports a stable polymorphism even without heterozygote superiority.(2)With habitat deterioration, niche construction accelerates the formation of steady polymorphism and hence impedes the harmful influences of environment on the population, which might embody a life-history strategy of organism under the unfavorable environment.(3)Niche construction results in the coexistence with alternative polymorphism through genotype-environment feedback and limited gene flow.(4)The niche-constructing organism is an active force to alter its environment and hence the direction of natural selection in order to better survival.(5)Spatial dynamics and distribution pattern of metapopulation are profoundly influenced by time-lagged niche construction.(6)Metapopulation size can reach a fixed level in the recency effect and equal weighting of time lag but is statistical stability in primacy effect, which implies the primacy effect is most remarkable.(7)The increment in the relative weightingof each generation\' niche construction and the length of time lag are significant factors for system destabilization.(8)Moderate capacity of positive niche construction benefits the metapopulation persistence.(9)The narrowing of niche breadth can decrease the metapopulation size and thereby increase the extinction risk.(10)The coupled function of time lag and niche construction make the system oscillation and generate the spiral wave, spiral-broken and circular wave in heterogeneous habitat.The spatial distributions of metapopulation and resource content are complementary due to a phase lag of their both frequencies.(12)Metapopulation persistence with niche construction depends not only on the balance between colonization and extinction, but also on the balance between the ability of niche construction and natural dissipation of habitat.(13)Metapopula-tion can survive under certain condition when the percent of suitable patches in habitat is lower than the ration of extinction to colonization.(14)Two thresholds exist in the process of transition of habitat quality dynamics from unsuitable to suitable, which include the intensity of niche construction and the initial condition of system.(15)Metapopulation size is positive correlated with the ability of positive niche construction, which means that organism or population who has strongly positive influences on their environment plays an important role to maintain the available habitat.

通过上述几个方面的研究，主要得出以下15条结论：(1)生态位构建可使空间结构种群，甚至是在没有杂合子优势的条件下，形成多种可能的稳定基因型分布模式；(2)随着环境的破坏与恶化，种群的生态位构建作用加速其较早形成稳定多态以阻碍环境对种群的不利影响，解释了有机体在不利环境下的一种生活史对策；(3)生态位构建作用通过基因型—环境反馈机制及有限的基因交流导致基因型多态的稳定共存；(4)有机体的生态位构建作用是一种积极的动力改变环境进而改变其自然选择的方向；(5)生态位构建的时滞作用对集合种群动态和空间分布产生深刻影响；(6)集合种群大小在时滞的崭新效应和等权重效应下达到一固定值，而在首位效应下达到统计稳定，表明首位效应的影响最显著；(7)首位效应下生态位构建相对权重的增量和时滞的长度是影响系统不稳定性动态的关键因素；(8)适中的生态位构建强度有利于集合种群的续存；(9)生态位宽度变窄会减少集合种群的数量从而增加其灭绝风险；(10)时滞和生态位构建的双重作用使系统产生周期振荡，并在异质性环境中产生稳定的螺旋波，破碎的螺旋波和环形波三种分布模式；(11)集合种群与资源含量的空间分布因为相滞而互补；(12)具有生态位构建的集合种群续存不仅取决于侵占率与灭绝率之间的平衡，而且依赖于生态位构建能力同其生境的自然消耗速率之间的妥协；(13)当生境中适合侵占的斑块比例小于其侵占率与灭绝率之比时，生态位构建作用促使集合种群在一定条件下续存：(14)生境斑块的状态从不适合到适合转变过程中存在生态位构建强度和系统初始条件这两个阈值；(15)集合种群的大小同正生态位构建能力正相关，意味着对环境具有较强正作用的有机体对维持有效生境起积极作用。

We can use the ellipsoidal model to calculate the relations of period derivation and braking index with average density.

而我们就可利用椭球模型来计算周期变率和制动系数同平均密度的关系；如果取平均密度约为2.2×10〓克/厘米〓，则周期变率约为5.4×10〓秒/秒，制动系数为-0.4。

Building socialist democratic politics with Chinese characteristics is the only way and important guarantee to jump out "rise and fall periodic law" and accomplish long term steadiness and continuous development of society.

建设有中国特色的社会主义民主政治，是跳出"兴亡周期率"，实现国家长治久安和社会永续发展的必由之路和重要保障

Rise and fall periodic law" is historical bewildering trap that monarchy or "man ruling can't jump out.

"兴亡周期率"是君主政治或"人治"所不能跳出的历史怪圈。

Result: Coefficient of Unguent of water-extraction and alcohol-precipitation method was 17. 2%, Coefficient of Unguent of chitosans clarification method was 12.8%, and macro-reticular absorbing resin method was 3.1%. They could clarify liquor of water-extraction.

结果：乙醇沉淀法所得的浸膏得率为17.2％，壳聚糖澄清法所得的浸膏得率为12.8％，大孔吸附树脂法所得的浸膏得率为3.1％，3种方法均能够较好地使水提液澄明，且后两者还能够在降低浸膏得率、保留有效成分、保证制剂稳定性方面优于前者，并能缩短生产周期，降低成本。

Result indicated the increase of destroyed zoogloea and enhancement of activities of enzymes of nitrogen-fixing, de-hydrogen as well as α-amylase, leading to a decrease of period of hydrogen-producing and an increase of rate of hydrogen-producing.

与对照组相比，可溶解性化学需氧量增加了4.5倍，溶出率提高了350.00%；COD降解率提高了12%，是自然降解率的1.19倍，产氢周期缩短至6.5d，最大产氢率为67.91mL/g，平均产氢率提高到21.6mL/g，是对照组的3.9倍，效果较好。

Testing for"K"、diffusivity"D"of wetland soil transmissivity and simulation of hydrologic processes of typical wetlands are made based on the indoor dynamic modeling experiment and the mathematic model simulations. The hydrologic response of river distinguish form that of the wetlands. And this is because that wetland has special hydrologic functions. The hydroperiod of wetlands is coincident with the precipitation period of watershed.

通过室内动态模拟实验测定了不同断面沼泽土壤的导水率K和扩散率D，水文数学模型RMA2模型和GIS相结合模拟了典型沼泽湿地的水文过程，河流和沼泽湿地的水文响向应具有明显的差异性，这是沼泽湿地水系统具有特殊水文功能的基础，沼泽的水文周期与流域降水周期是一致的。

In reply to Huang Yanpei′s question, Moa Tsedong pointed out that socialist countries had found a way out of the "historical cyclicity" that his policies are discarded when the man in powre is gone,i.

1945年7月毛泽东在回答黄炎培的提问时指出，社会主义国家已找到了从&人亡政息&的&历史周期率&中跳出来的新路，即发扬民主，加强对执政党及国家政权的监督。

There is usually a periodic rate cap, that limits the amount the rate can go up or down, irrespective of the index.

通常有一个周期率的上限金额比率限制，能升能降，不论指数。

The NT motor has a very low inertia for applications that demand high accel and cycle rates.

新台币电机有一个非常低的应用需求高的惯性加速度和周期率。

No clear conclusions can be made about the predictie alidity of specific measures, they found, except for criteria for the underuse of drugs for cardioascular disease.

除了心血管病不合理用药标准外，对于特定评价方法的预测效度没有明确的结论。

The third and last is that almost all of them, being infinite in number, have been impostures, and by idle and crafty brains merely contrived and feigned after the event past.

第三、即最后一点是：几乎所有这些不胜枚举的预言都是欺人之谈，都是在事件过后由无聊而狡猾的脑筋推测与凭空捏造的。