周期发育

Cell cycle is the cell through a series of orderly changes in the cells to achieve cell growth and proliferation process of cell cycle regulation and individual development, differentiation, growth, regeneration, aging and cancer cells is closely related to eukaryotic cell cycle mitosis two key processes, namely DNA replication and sister chromatid evenly assigned to the sub-cells.

细胞周期是指细胞通过一系列有序的细胞内变化，实现细胞生长和分裂增殖的过程细胞周期的调控与个体发育、分化、生长、再生、衰老以及细胞的癌变密切相关真核细胞有丝分裂周期有两个关键的过程，即DNA的复制和姐妹染色体均衡地分配到子细胞中。

Zigongdongdou, was used to investigate photoperiod effects on the development of terminal inflorescence of soybean, plant type and agronomic traits, with emphasis on the role of long-day in the formation of raceme. The plants were treated with short-day of 12h for 13 days to induce the initiation of terminal inflorescence, and then moved to 16h long-day treatment for 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 weeks, respectively. After LDT, plants were returned to SD condition.

为明确光周期特别是长日照对于短日照作物的生长发育及顶端花序发育的特殊重要作用，实验以光周期敏感的有限结荚习性晚熟品种自贡冬豆为材料，经过13天短日照处理(12小时)后，分别经过0、1、2、3、4、5周长日照处理，再在短日照处理下直到成熟，研究长日照对大豆顶端花序、株型及农艺性状的影响。

With this method, we had several important differences compared to the YDmodel. First, the ratio of daily increment of PDT and the deficit of both water and nitrogen was used to estimate the effect of environment. Second, a nonlinear function was adopted to describe vernalization and thermal effectiveness (instead of three-stage linear function). Third, sinusoidal function was used to describe photoperiod curve cluster for different cultivars.

本模型在YDmodel基础上的改进主要有3点：（1）将每日生理发育时间的增量乘以水肥丰缺因子，改为除以水肥丰缺因子表现水肥对大麦发育的影响，客观体现了大麦在水肥丰缺条件下的发育延迟或提早现象；（2）将三段线性函数改为非线性函数表达春化效应和相对热效应，确立了不同品种相对春化效应和相对热效应的曲线族；（3）将线性函数改为正弦函数表达不同品种光周期效应。

Previous studies have demonstrated that primary spermatocyte can undergo meiotic divisions in MI oocytes and the resulting embryos can develop to term. However, the success rate is very poor.

已经证明初级精母细胞在显微融入MI卵母细胞后可以完成减数分裂并且产生的胚胎可以发育到期，只是发育率还非常低，作为一种形式的核移植，细胞周期的同步化处理对于胚胎的发育具有重要意义。

E. staining and other techniques were used to elucidate the pattern of follicular development, atresia, changes in follicle number on the ovarian surface, proportions of apoptotic granulosa cells in follicles of different sizes and morphological changes of atretic follicles, as well as changes in serum estradiel and progesterone levels at different stages of the porcine estrous cycle.

为探讨猪发情周期不同时期卵泡发育和闭锁的规律及机理，本实验通过TUNEL原位标记、H.E。染色以及放射免疫测定等手段研究了猪发情周期不同阶段卵巢表面各类卵泡数量的变化、各类卵泡中颗粒细胞的凋亡比例、闭锁卵泡的形态变化以及发情周期各阶段血清孕酮及雌二醇水平的变化等问题。

The characteristics of the reproductive cycle in this specieswas the same as that of other typical Gastropoda animals.

瘤背石磺的生殖周期具有典型的腹足类动物的特征，性腺发育周期可以分为：休止期、增殖期、生长期、成熟期、排放期5个时期，生殖周期为1年，成熟和排放期在6月上旬到9月上旬，繁殖高峰期在7月上旬至8月上旬，10月后进入休止期。

The pattern of lunar cycle can be classified into three strategies:(1) Planulation of S. hystrix and P. damicornis showed clear lunar periodicity and the peak of larval release shifted with different months. The peak of planulation occurred around the full moon in winter then shifted gradually to the first quarter moon phase in summer. The phase shift of larval release may be related to the seasonal variation of seawater temperature and the sudden temperature drops caused by upwelling.(2) Planulation of S. pistillata showed clear lunar periodicity and the peak of larval release occurred around the full moon.

在月周期方面可分成三种生殖策略：(1)尖枝列孔珊瑚与细枝鹿角珊瑚释放幼生不但有明显的月周期，而且释放幼生的高峰会随著月份而移动，由冬季至夏季期间，高峰从满月前后转变至上弦月前后；再由夏季至冬季期间，高峰从上弦月前后转变至满月前后，而此变动形成一个完整的年周期，原因可能与海水温度影响配子发育和胚胎速度与夏季期间涌升流所造成的降温有关。

Effects of photoperiod on nymphal development were investigated in two subtropical populations of Periplaneta japanna living on Naha, Okinawa Islands (26N) and Hachijo island (N33N), Japan.

为弄清光周期对一种亚热带蜚蠊若虫发育的控制机理，检测了光周期对冲绳(26°N)和八丈岛(33°N)两个地理种群若虫发育的影响。

Oncidium on 15 hrs light period and night break treatments exhibited heavier fresh and dry weights, lower total soluble sugar content in pseudobulb because nutrient translocated for inflorescence development, however water content was no significantly different. After treatment of 9 hrs and 12 hrs light period, the total soluble sugar content in pseudobulb of Oncidium was higher than other treatments because of consuming less nutrient transfered from pseudobulb due to poor inflorescence development and the quality of inflorescence also showed worse.

以15小时电照周期处理与暗期中断处理之植株乾鲜重较重，含水量则无明显差异，而假球茎内的全可溶性糖含量则较其他处理组低，因为花序发育时，假球茎内的碳水化合物转移到花序，以提供花序发育所需之养分。9小时电照周期处理组与12小时电照周期处理组方面，因为其花序品质较差，消耗的养分较少，故其假球茎内的全可溶性糖含量较高。

Induction (diapasue and nondiapause; sex and non-sex) supervenes when summation surpasses the internal threshold. The review reports some characters of the photoperiodic counter in insects and mites, including the following aspects:(1) the accumulation of photoperiodic information during photoperiodic sensitive period of insects.(2) the thre...

本文报导了昆虫和螨类光周期计数器的一些特点，主要包括以下几方面的内容：(1)光周期信息的积累主要发生在光敏感期内；(2)光周期信息的积累存在一个阈值，即需要积累一定数量的长夜或短夜循环去诱导50%的个体发育或滞育；(3)光周期信息的积累受温度、地理纬度和食料的影响；(4)长夜和短夜循环的光周期信息积累的方式；(5)光周期信息的积累的数量反应和质量反应；(6)光周期计数器的内分泌调控。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失