呕吐

objective:to study the effect of tuting oral liquid on treating cisplatin-induced pigeon'vomiting.methods:the animal model was designed by injecting the chemical medicine cisplatin in pigeon's abdomen, vomiting reaction was observed by the vomiting times and delitescence.

目的：观察吐停口服液对顺铂所致家鸽呕吐的作用。方法：采用家鸽腹腔注射顺铂法制造呕吐模型，观察家鸽呕吐次数、呕吐潜伏期。

The test was designed to make animal models by injecting the chemical medicine cisplatin in pigeon's abdomen,observing the vomiting times and delitescence,and measuring the levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)in pigeon's blood and duodenum tissue by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection.

采用家鸽腹腔注射顺铂制造呕吐模型，观察家鸽呕吐频率及呕吐潜伏期；用高效液相色谱-电化学检测法检测家鸽血清、十二指肠组织中5-羟色胺(5-HT)的含量。

Vomiting was reportedin 11% and 22% of patients in the three and four risk factorgroups compared with 6% in the two risk factor group at 0–6h, and 13% and 27%(vs 0%) at 6–24 h, respectively.

在术后0－6h 时段内，三个危险因素组和四个危险因素组分别有11%和22%的病人发生呕吐，而两个危险因素组有6%的病人发生呕吐；在术后6–24 h 时段内，呕吐的发生率分别为13%和27%(比0%)。

In one classic 1950 study,… pregnant women suffering from severe morning sickness were given syrup of ipecac, which induces vomiting, and told it was a powerful new cure for nausea.

在1950年一项有名的研究中，实验者把能够引发呕吐的吐根糖浆制剂，给一组在早晨患有严重妊娠呕吐现象的妇女，告诉她们这是新的强效止吐剂，奇妙的是她们停止了呕吐

In one classic 1950 study,… pregnant women suffering from severe morning sickness were given syrup of ipecac, which induces vomiting, and told it was a powerful new cure for nausea. Amazingly, the women ceased vomiting.

在1950年一项有名的研究中，实验者把能够引发呕吐的吐根糖浆制剂，给一组在早晨患有严重妊娠呕吐现象的妇女，告诉她们这是新的强效止吐剂，奇妙的是她们停止了呕吐。

Healthy volunteers participated 6 experiments that were designed to test the sensory conflict theory of motion sickness, to observe the effect of the outside proprioceptive input on motion sickness and to make sure the influence of motion sickness susceptibility, automatic nerve activity and breed on experimental nausea and vomiting. The results were as follows: 1. Different intensity of visual and vestibular sensory conflict effected the onset of vection and rotation toleration time and the symptoms of nausea and vomiting, the more intensive of confliction, the more quickly onset of vection, the more short rotation toleration time, and the more serious symptoms of nausea and vomiting.

本研究针对上述问题设计了6个实验，以200名健康成年志愿者为被试，以转椅和转鼓作为诱发实验性晕动的装置，采用恶心评定量表、恶心问卷和晕动敏感史量表及自我运动错觉和旋转耐受时间为指标，旨在考察：（1）实验性恶心、呕吐症状的时间变化规律；（2）不同强度感觉冲突、不同体位因素对实验性恶心、呕吐的影响，验证晕动的理论假设；（3）晕动敏感史差异、人格因素、种族因素与实验性恶心、呕吐的关系。

Vomiting often seen in children before the irritability, vomiting may be seen in children with a painful facial expression, vomitus often dashing out from the stomach.

呕吐之前往往可以见到小儿烦躁不安，呕吐时则可见到小儿带着痛苦的表情，呕吐物经常从胃中冲出来。

The introduction combines traditional Chinese and Western medicine below the experience of enteritis of noxiousness of fine ailment of remedial Tibet mastiff, in order to offer reference. 1 hair sick condition and clinical expression ill dog are 2~4 month more age young dog, majority is come on suddenly, anorexia or abandon absolutely, mental depressed, systemic symptom worsens quickly, produce acuteness sex vomiting and diarrhoea, puke is first feed rotten, afterwards is yellow or olive bubble mucus and hematic type thing, have diarrhoea dung has the sticky stiff thing of grey yellow, turn after for rare dung of effluvial shape of embedded mucous membrane, then shows hematic dysentery, because ill dog is acuteness vomiting and diarrhoea are rapid dehydration, eyeball cave in, temperature is shown two-way and calorific,℃ of the 40~41 at the beginning of disease, 1~2d falls it is normal to come, after 3~4d answer elevatory, die very quickly next, 4~5d of course of diseases, the temperature when on one's deathbed drops more to normal temperature the following. Bottom of stomach of dog of die in one's bed of 2 analyse check has haemorrhage sex inflammation, show cardinal, small intestine mucous membrane falls off, alvine wall attenuates, there is gules mucus inside, mix inside large intestine have show wine blood excrement and urine, there are a lot of haemorrhage places on mucous membrane, haemorrhage of rectum mucous membrane is more, mesentery lymph node enlargement, sometimes afterwards sends intussusception, alvine tangent plane bleeds, cardiac muscle is loose, color becomes weak, cystic plentiful, liver is qualitative fragile and brittle. 3 diagnose 3.1 epidemiology to diagnose this ill much hair at young dog, rather dog of epidemic disease have an inoculation feels the most easily, be affected directly or affect secondhand, basically pass enteron infection, this disease all can happen all the year round, but with cold...

下面介绍中西医结合治疗藏獒细小病毒性肠炎的心得，以供参考。1发病情况和临床表现病犬多为2~4月龄幼犬，多数为忽然发病，食欲减退或废绝，精神沉郁，全身症状急剧恶化，发生剧烈性呕吐和腹泻，呕吐物先为食糜，继为黄色或黄绿色泡沫黏液和血样物，泻粪有灰黄色的黏稠物，后转为恶臭的内含黏膜状稀粪，继而呈血痢，由于病犬剧烈呕吐和腹泻迅速脱水，眼球下陷，体温呈双向发热，病初40~41℃，1~2d降至正常，3~4d后又复升高，然后很快死亡，病程4~5d，临死时体温多下降至常温以下。2剖检病死犬胃底部有出血性炎症，呈深红色，小肠黏膜脱落，肠壁变薄，内有红色黏液，大肠内混有呈暗红色血液粪便，黏膜上有许多出血点，直肠黏膜出血较多，肠系膜淋巴结肿大，有时继发肠套叠，肠切面出血，心肌松软，颜色变淡，胆囊充盈，肝质脆而易碎。3诊断3.1流行病学诊断本病多发于幼犬，未免疫接种犬最易感，直接感染或间接感染，主要通过消化道感染，该病一年四季均可发生，但以寒。。。

Malformation of digestive tract may have esophageal atresia, duodenal atresia, intestinal malrotation, no anus, etc., in addition to vomiting and aspiration there are symptoms such as discharge, in the case of obstruction higher position, the frequent vomiting, obvious abdominal distention, or abdominal distension and emptiness; obstruction below the duodenum, with bile vomit; obstruction low position, vomiting occurred late in the vomit may have stool, abdominal distension significantly.

消化道畸形可有食道闭锁、十二指肠闭锁、肠旋转不良、无肛门等情况，除呕吐和无胎粪排出等共有症状外，如梗阻位置较高，则呕吐频繁，腹胀不明显，或上腹胀而下腹空虚；梗阻在十二指肠以下的，呕吐物含胆汁；梗阻位置低的，呕吐发生较晚，呕吐物中可有粪便，腹胀明显。

If the child for vomiting, vomiting volume more jet was like vomiting, vomiting of blood mixed yellow bile or black material, or a fever at the same time, especially convulsions, is unconscious and so on, should be immediately sent to hospital.

呕吐。假如孩子连续呕吐，呕吐量较多，呈喷射状呕吐，呕吐中掺有黄色胆汁或血样的黑色物，或者同时发烧，特别是抽搐、神智不清等，应立即送去医院。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失