吸附化合物

Organic montmorillonite combines inorganic montmorillonites excellent dilatability, adsorption and dispersion with huge hydrophobic area, so it has very good affinity for organic substance and has been widely used in organic system.

模拟汽油体系的吸附脱硫实验表明，改性后的蒙脱土表面由亲水性转变为亲油性，体系中的含硫化合物被吸附到蒙脱土的层间，有机蒙脱土吸附脱硫的作用是分配作用和表面吸附共同作用的结果。

Humic acids, oxidizable fraction and lipids were the main fractions affecting the sorption capacity. The humic acids had the maximum adsorption capacity for nitrobenzene and aniline, the lipids naturally present in the soil strongly compete for hydrophobic sorption sites within the soil organic matter, and the adsorption capacity of mineral surface for nitrobenzene and aniline were only 2.31mg·kg-1 and 3.63mg·kg-1, respectively.

硝基苯和苯胺在湿地土壤中的吸附主要受腐殖酸、易氧化有机质组分和脂类化合物的影响，其中腐殖酸对硝基苯和苯胺具有最大的吸附容量；脂类化合物表现为与硝基苯、苯胺竞争土壤有机质结构中的吸附位点，去除脂类化合物后残余物的吸附量增大；矿物组分对硝基苯和苯胺的吸附是次要的，吸附容量仅为2.31mg·kg-1和3.63mg·kg-1。

In the sorption equilibrium experiments, the results showed that the equilibrium sorption coefficients for VOCs sorption on clay and organoclays decreased with increasing relative humidity, which proved that the existence and amount of water indeed suppressed the sorption capacities for clay and organoclays to sorb VOCs.

在平衡实验部分，挥发性有机化合物在黏粒或有机黏粒的吸附平衡常数皆随著相对湿度的增加而减小，证实水分的存在及多寡确实会抑制黏粒及有机黏粒对於有机化合物的吸附能力。

ABSTRACT Inhibition mechanism and the relations between inhibition efficiency and molecular structure of inhibition of carbon steel in chlorhydric acid by benzene nitriles whose inhibition is caused by chemical adsorption and quaternary ammonium salts whose inhibition is caused by physical adsorption are mainly studied from microscope through quantum chemistry calculation, and the relations between inhibition efficiency and molecular structure of inhibition of carbon steel in chlorhydric acid by benzene nitriles are studied by making use of model-constructing thought of grey theory in this paper.

本文主要通过量子化学计算，从微观角度研究了化学吸附型缓蚀剂苯腈类化合物和物理吸附型缓蚀剂季铵盐在盐酸溶液中对碳钢缓蚀的缓蚀机理和缓蚀性能与分子结构的关系；并运用灰色理论建模思想，研究了苯腈类化合物在盐酸溶液中对碳钢缓蚀的缓蚀性能与分子结构的关系。其中，通过量子化学计算，从微观角度研究物理吸附型缓蚀剂在盐酸溶液中对碳钢缓蚀的缓蚀机理和缓蚀性能与分子结构的关系，是在尝试着进行；而运用灰色理论建模思想，研究缓蚀剂缓蚀性能与分子结构的关系，是一项具有尝试性和开拓性的工作。

Aluminum phosphate (AlPO 4) can be prepared by solid state synthesis with different templates, aluminum chloride and ammonium diacid phosphate at low temperature (180℃) within a short time (2 h).

以氯化铝和磷酸二氢铵为原料，在模板剂存在下用固相合成方法合成了磷酸铝类化合物，合成的化合物通过化学分析、ICP测定、XRD和 IR图谱对其进行了表征，研究了化合物对铬离子吸附性能，实验表明这类化合物对铬离子有较好的吸附能

The reaction proceeds by ethene chemical adsorption to form the surface ethoxide and the C-C bond formation between the ethoxide and the second ethene molecule to form the butoxide product.

乙烯化学吸附生成的烷氧化合物与物理吸附的乙烯分子发生二聚反应生成新的C-C键同时生成新的烷氧化合物。

The results of the present research are as follows, The correlation between physico-chemical properties of organic compounds and their competitive power was studied, and it was indicated that organic compounds preferable to form H-bonding with organic matter of sorbents have stronger competitive power; Sorption behaviors of ionizable organic compounds in different species and their competitive power were examined, and the results showed that phenols and carbonxylic acids with benzyl circle have much stronger competitive power in molecular species than in ionized species, because negative charges of anionic forms can depressed their adsorption on the surface of the sediment; in contrast, organic bases such as aniline and p-chloroaniline show weaker competitive power in molecular species than in ionized species, and this is because both species of the organic bases could adsorb strongly onto the sediment; there is a correlation between competitive power of organic pollutants in multi-solute systems and their sorption isotherm nonlinearity in single-solute systems, and organic compounds whose sorption isotherms is linear in single-solute systems hardly have competitive power in multi-solute systems; Competitive sorption effects in more than two-solutes systems was studied, and it was exhibited that mixture of two cosolutes each of which could suppress sorption of nominal solute onto the sediment had synergistically competitive sorption effect on the nominal solute; A method about incorporating sorption/desorption of organic pollutants into river water quality model was developed, and discussion about degree of sorption/desorption effect on model prediction for different organic compounds was made, which will provide theoretical basis and practical processes for setting up more accurate water quality model.

论文主要取得了以下研究成果。(1)有机化合物的吸附竞争能力与其物化性质具有相关性，易与沉积物有机质形成氢键的化合物其竞争能力也比较强；(2)可离子化有机化合物的吸附竞争能力与其存在形态有关。酚类、含苯环的羧酸类化合物，其离子态的吸附竞争能力远小于分子态，其机理为有机酸阴离子所带的负电荷抑制了表面吸附能力，主要发生分配作用；而苯胺类化合物，其离子态和分子态都表现出显著的竞争能力，而且离子态的竞争能力略强于分子态，原因在于有机碱阳离子所带的正电荷促进了其表面吸附能力；有机化合物竞争能力的强弱与其单组分吸附等温线的非线性程度具有一定的相关性，吸附等温线近似为线性的化合物没有或只具有微弱的竞争能力；(3)对目标有机化合物的吸附具有竞争效应的有机化合物混合后，将对目标有机化合物的吸附产生协同竞争效应；(4)以京杭运河为例，率先提出了将有机污染物的吸附／脱附作用及水文水力参数耦合到水质模型中的方法，并讨论了吸附／脱附作用对不同有机污染物预测模型的影响，为建立更准确的水质模型及进行更客观的风险和生态评估提供了参考依据。

It is shown that the of the porous carbon towards (I_2) depends on the pore volume of the porous carbon; the adsorption of the porous carbon towards phenolic compounds depends on the density of carboxylic and lactonic groups on the surface of the porous carbon; the adsorption of the porous carbon towards Cr d...

发现多孔炭对酚类化合物及Cr的吸附以化学吸附为主，其中对酚类化合物的吸附由羧基与内酯基的表面密度合量决定，对Cr的吸附由表面官能团中羧基和内脂基含量的合量决定；多孔炭对I2的吸附以物理吸附为主，由孔容决定。

Because of this property, water is preferentially adsorbed by these surfaces, and large organic compounds cannot compete with strongly held water for adsorption sites on the clay surfaces. Thus, Na-clays are ine_ective sorbents for small organic molecules. However, it is possible to modify the surface properties of clays greatly by neutralizing the anionic framework of layer silicates by using positively charged organic species such as alkylammonim ions. In the modi_ed form (HDTMA-bentonite), the clay surface may become organophilic and interact strongly with organic compounds. Textile dyes represent a relatively large group of organic chemicals. In an HDTMA-bentonite-dye system it is possible that adsorption may be enhanced by the hydrophobic interaction between the adsorbed dye molecule and HDTMA-bentonite.

O组给予亲水的性质到矿物表面，因为这水是吸附在这些表面，和大的有机化合物不能比有坚强的为了吸附位置在泥土表面，因而，Na—泥土是ine_ective吸附剂为了小的分子，希，它是可能的到更改的表面属性，泥土非常在抵销anionic层硅酸盐在用的结构 Positively负荷的物种例如alkylammonim离子，在mod i_ed形状，泥土表面可能变成organophilic和互相作用坚强地有机化合物，织物染料表现相关的大的组化学的，在HDTMA—斑脱土—染料系统它是可能的那吸附可能是提高在交互作用在中间吸附染料分子和HDTMA—斑脱土，interlamellarHDTMA的间隔—斑脱土是获得在substracting泥土层从的厚度实验上坚决的基础的间隔（d001）。

Their corrosion inhibition action of stainless steel in hydrofluoric acid is studied by adsorption theory and electrochemical polarization-curve method,the mechanism of corrosion inhibition action is analyzed.the result shows that the single molecule layer of these compounds is adsorbed on the surface of the stainless steel and followed Langmuir isothermal equation. the adsorption procedure of propiolic alcohol is endothermic reaction, the adsorption ability and corrosion inhibition efficiency increased when temperature rised. The adsorption procedure of other three compounds are all exothermic reaction , the adsorption ability and corrosion inhibition efficiency decreased when temperature increased.

实验结果表明：这几种物质在不锈钢表面产生单分子层吸附，并且满足Langmuir吸附规律，丙炔醇的吸附过程为吸热反应，随着温度的升高，吸附能力增强，缓蚀率升高；其它三种化合物的吸附过程均为放热反应，温度升高，吸附能力下降，缓蚀率降低。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。