启蒙者

Viewed from the perspective of modern history, this type of fiction was in the specious process firstly, and be given the role as a literary embodiment of enlightenment. It seems that country people were the "other" who was slept by the self-awareness of enlightenment. Villagers were signed as "country". This type of fiction actually incarnated the new culture ideology of May Four clerisy, therefore these enlightenment novels about "country" weren\'t "country literature", but "native literature" which didn\'t make effect of coming into country. However, their burden function and habit to ideology was inherited and extended by country novel.

单从对现代历史发展的镜像反映上看，它似乎最初曾被赋予了"启蒙"的文学载体的角色，好像乡村人是被启蒙的自我意识沉睡的"他者"，村民被符号化为"国民"，这种创作实际上体现的是五四知识分子的新文化意识形态，属于未对乡村发生参与效应的"乡土文学"，但是，它对意识形态的承载功能和习惯为乡村小说所接续并放大。

Questioner: Was this training the same type of initiatory training that was done with Egyptians?

发问者：这个练习是否与埃及人接受的启蒙练习属于同一种类型？

Its reason is various, both has initiation own chronic disease, and dopes with is going too far blindly including the romanticism modern repudiator.

其原因是多方面的，既有启蒙自身的痼疾，又掺杂着包括浪漫主义在内的现代批判者的盲目与过火。

The special thing about Liu's art is that his works are not expressions of general emotions (what is commonly known as 'follow the feelings'), or graceful skills, or utilitarian interpretations of practical questions the latter is originated from France in the 18th century and its revolutionary tradition, namely political and utilitarian behaviorism tradition. French didacticism philosophers in the 18th century, just like the early renaissant civic humanists, advocated active and vibrant way of life and fought against ruminative way. They were not interested in metaphysics, and cared about practical issues—moral, mental and social--in their lives. They were confident of human future and held undoubted faith in history progress.

刘永刚的艺术的独特之处，就在于其作品中的表现性，不是一般性的情绪化的表现，不只是我们通常认为的"跟着感觉走"，也不是技巧性的优雅表现，或是对现实问题的功利性的主题解释，后者来源于18世纪的法国及法国革命传统，即政治化、功利化的行动主义传统。18世纪的法国启蒙主义哲学家，像文艺复兴早期的公民人文者一样，崇尚积极活跃的生活，不赞成沉思默想的生活，对形而上学没有兴趣，关心此时此地的人生中的实际问题——道德的、心理的、社会的问题，他们对人类的前途充满了信心，对历史的进步具有毫不怀疑的信念。

As an enlightener cherishing the ultimate expectation of freedom and democracy of the world , he absorbed nourishment in the soil of spirit , by dong life long research .

作为一位对自由和民主怀着终极期望的世界化启蒙者，他始终不渝地坚守着那片精神息壤

Yet, once a worship of Confucian doctrine of Song and Ming dynasties and later a modern intellectual of liberalism, Mr. Cai was shown in his ideas to be deeply influenced by the tradition of "ideology first" on the one hand, and on the other hand, to be a unique modern enlightener, he reevaluated the traditional values according to the needs for survival in new conditions. So what he tried to do goes far beyond the explanatory power of the traditional ideology and the modernity, and rather, is an attempt to reconstruct them.

当然，我们亦发现作为一位曾经拜倒在宋明儒脚下而站起来的近代自山主义知识分于，他的美育观体现出他一方面深受&思想优先&这一传统意识的影响，另一方面扮演了独特的现代启蒙者角色：他依照观代生存需要来重新估定了传统价值，这显然不只是传统的思想道德范畴能够予以诠释的，而是一条探求如何实现传统重整的现代性理路。

The special thing about Liu's art is that his works are not expressions of general emotions (what is commonly known as 'follow the feelings'), or graceful skills, or utilitarian interpretations of practical questions the latter is originated from France in the 18th century and its revolutionary tradition, namely political and utilitarian behaviorism tradition. French didacticism philosophers in the 18th century, just like the early renaissant civic humanists, advocated active and vibrant way of life and fought against ruminative way. They were not interested in metaphysics, and cared about practical issues—moral, mental and social--in their lives. They were confident of human future and held undoubted faith in history progress.

刘永刚的艺术的独特之处，就在于其作品中的表现性，不是一般性的情绪化的表现，不只是我们通常认为的&跟着感觉走&，也不是技巧性的优雅表现，或是对现实问题的功利性的主题解释，后者来源于18世纪的法国及法国革命传统，即政治化、功利化的行动主义传统。18世纪的法国启蒙主义哲学家，像文艺复兴早期的公民人文者一样，崇尚积极活跃的生活，不赞成沉思默想的生活，对形而上学没有兴趣，关心此时此地的人生中的实际问题——道德的、心理的、社会的问题，他们对人类的前途充满了信心，对历史的进步具有毫不怀疑的信念。

However, modern writers, as "enlightenment", are inextricably linked with "Ghost" while they expel evil spirits and exorcises demons, with complicated "Ghost" and evil spirits of their own.

然而现代作家一方面打鬼、驱鬼，批判鬼魂迷信等鬼文化的同时，却又与&鬼&存在着千丝万缕的联系，而且作为&启蒙者&，其自身也有难以说清的&鬼&、&鬼气&。

There, in the Dales, our people revived the lost lore as best we could.

而对我们的人民来说，她却是一位启蒙者。

You spoke to me of the friends, the enlighteners of our common kind--I see but their cheats and deluders.

你对我说，他们是朋友，是大众的启蒙者，可是我只看见他们在干欺骗的蒙蔽的勾当。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷