听话

The second person deixis can also be used as metalingual in Chinese daily talking for the purpose of drawing the attention of the addresser.

第二人称指示语在汉语的日常谈话中还可作为元语言使用，即作为一种呼语，起到提请听话人注意的作用，英语中没有这种用法。

If the contextual variables are related to the addressor, then the adaptation is viewed as being directed by"self"; if the contextual factors are connected with the hearer, the adaptation is regarded as being directed by"others".

如果语境变量是涉及到说话人，那么这种顺应就是自我引导的；如果语境因素是与听话人相关，那么这种顺应就是他人引导的。

Thus the translator as a negotiator is supposed to optimize the relevance of the original text or writer and the target readers: The translator produces the text that yields sufficient contextual effect and meanwhile whose readers do not have to spend unnecessary effort processing it. The paper explores the instances concerning the study of the following questions in translation theory:(1) the indeterminacy, open-endedness and the fuzziness characteristics of the text or meaning;(2) content and form, and (3) readers expectation.Starting with exploring the nature of the implicature, we find out its three characteristics: the strength of communication, communicating a range of ideas and responsibility. The combination of these characteristics can lead to poetic richness and beauty.

首先，本文以关联理论为指导分析了隐含意义的三个特点：第一，隐含意义的表达可以体现出不同的强度；第二，隐含意义可以表达多层意义；第三，说话人和听话人对隐含意义的理解负有不同的责任；听话人结合不同的语境对说话人的言语作出各种各样的理解，从而使言语产生丰富的语境效果，亦即使隐含意义呈现出诗学效果。

When motion is towards the location of the addressee,come is much preferable to go in English while both laiand quare common in use in Chinese.When motion is towards the location of the addressee at a past time,laimust be used in Chinese if the addressee is there at the time of utterance while qumust be used if the addressee is not there at the time of utterance.By contrast,come is used in English either when the addressee is there or when he is not there at the speaking time,while go is only used when the addressee is not there at the time of utterance. When both the speaker and the addressee serve as the figure,which is indicated by the phrases like with me/us/you in English and the phrases like he ni,he nimen,gen wo,gen womenin Chinese,come is much preferred to go for the figure"s motion,while in the same context,quis used for the figure"s motion.What"s more,come is more frequently used to indicate the figure"s movement towards a place where neither the speaker nor the addressee is located at the time of utterance,while quis often used in Chinese in the same case.

当移动体朝向听话人所在方位移动时，英语多用come，汉语可用"来/去"；当移动体在一个过去的时间朝向听话人所在方位移动时，汉语可用"来"表示听话人在说话时间仍在位移参照点，用"去"表示听话人在说话时间已不在位移参照点，而英语在两种情况下都可用come，用go则表示听话人在说话时间已不在位移参照点；当说话人和听话人一起作为移动体而句中主语只是说话人或听话人一方时，英语多用come，汉语多用"去"。

I do not know whether or not obedient, but I must obey, because I am not a rebellious child.

我不知道该不该听话，但我必须听话，因为我不是个叛逆的孩子。

The research reveals that linguistic politeness in arguments in American courts shares great similarities with that in Chinese courts; negative politeness strategies are most frequently employed by lawyers, followed by positive politeness strategies and off record strategies. It is also found that such linguistic means as hedge, impersonalize S and H, give reasons, give deference, rhetorical questions and include both S and H in the activity are most favored by Chinese and American lawyers.

中美律师在法庭辩论中最常用的是消极礼貌策略，其次是积极礼貌策略和非公开的礼貌策略；律师最常用的实现礼貌的语言形式依次是：模糊限制语、说话人和听话人非个人化、提供原因、表达尊重、设问以及把说话人和听话人都包括在同一项活动中等。

Listening, same as reading/writing/speaking, is an important and indiscerptible part of Chinese teaching in High School.

听话教学和读、写、说教学一样，是中学语文教学不可分割的重要组成部分，而实践中听话教学却一直没有受到应有的重视，高考也始终未将听话能力列入考查范畴。

Disobedient children, because you, not to listen to, ah, you can change and he said, do not him as a big child, but also he is as a little girl, multi-pet him, love him, when they talk to the children stand Think about the perspective of many, in fact, we are all from the children as they grow up, sometimes I can remember my mother called me, I feel the resistance, so the children now, I would like some more for him, and he stooped talk on his position, the children have to be more obedient, more than we wanted to be able to exchange it!

孩子不听话，是因为你的话，不受听啊，你可以换个方法和他说，别把他当作大孩子，还把他当成是小女孩，多宠他，爱他，说话时站在孩子的角度多想想，其实我们都是从孩子长大的，有时候我都能想起妈妈骂我时，我心里的反抗，所以，现在对孩子，我多为他想一些，弯下身子和他谈，站在他的立场，孩子反而要听话的多，希望有机会大家多交流吧！

Really think, live well failure, well failure, there is no ability to love my parents do not know what to do for them, I just want to, really want to give them a comfortable life to his old age, really want can do more for them, do not want them hard we worked hard for, but I find I'm so small, can do nothing good, really good failure, can not do more for the parents more, I did only obedient, obedient , sensible, then sensible, although I have been very sensible, very obedient, but, I still feel not enough.

真的觉得，活的好失败，好失败，没有能力为爱我的父母做什么，不知道能为他们做些什么，我只是想，真的想自己能给他们一个安乐的晚年，真的想能为他们做的多些，不想让他们在为我们辛苦操劳可是我发现我好渺小，好无能为力，真的好失败，不能为父母做的更多些，我所做的只能是听话，听话，懂事，再懂事，虽然我一直很懂事，也很听话，可是，我还是觉得不够。

The words used by the speaker may stir up unfavorable lections in the listener which interfere with his comprehension, hence, the transmission reception system breaks down.

语话人使用的语言有可能引起听话人产生不愉快的反应，从而影响了听话人的理解力，因此，语言交流出现了故障。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。