听觉神经

We found that individual sensorimotor neurons in freely behaving swamp sparrows expressed categorical auditory responses to changes in note duration, a learned feature of their songs, and that the neural response boundary accurately predicted the categorical perceptual boundary measured in field studies of the same sparrow population.

在田野调查纪录期间，他们发现在野外沼泽带鵐学习歌唱时，个体的感觉运动神经对外在变化表现明确的听觉反应，且神经反应的分界可以准确预测绝对感知的分界，此在相同的沼泽带鵐族群中可被侦测到的。

"Hearing entails the transformation of sound vibrations into nerve impulse s, which travel to the brain and are interpreted as sounds."

听觉必须将声音的振动转换成神经脉冲，送往脑部并解读为声音。

The dorsal raphe nucleus and auditory and vestibular pathway.

与听觉、前庭系统相关的中缝背核神经通路研究进展。

Singing behavior; higher vocal center; caudal nucleus; ventral hyperstriatum; hippocampus; song-control nucleus; song nuclei; area X; melatonin; gamma-aminobutyric acid; glutamic acid decarboxylase; vocal control circuitry; frequency sensitivity; organ of Corti; auditory feedback; neural plasticity; seasonal plasticity; neostriatum; anterior forebrain pathway; lateral magnocellular nucleus; anterior neostriatum; lMAN nucleus; medial nucleus; dorsolateral thalamus; robustus archistriatalis; robust nucleus; archistriatum; song motor control nucleus; vocal motor system; gila cells; nonlinear oscillatory dynamics

歌唱行为；较高级的发声中枢；尾部核；腹侧上纹体；海马；鸣唱控制核团；鸣唱核；X区域；N-乙酰-5-甲氧基色胺；γ-氨基丁酸；谷氨酸脱羧酶；发声控制回路；频率灵敏度；柯替氏器；听觉反应；神经可塑性；季节可塑性；新纹状体；前脑前端路径；侧面大细胞核群；前部新纹状体；lMAN核；内侧核；背外侧丘脑；古纹状体粗核；健康的核；原纹状体；鸣声运动控制核；发声运动系统；毒蜥细胞；非线性振动动力学首页上一页共有 12 条记录，本页从第 11 到第 12 条。

Neurotrophic factors is a kind of chemistry which can increase the survival rate of neurone and the growth of nerval spines, it is important in neurone development, neurite growth, transmitter synthesis and cell languish.

神经营养因子又具有促进听觉神经系统发育并维持其正常功能的作用，其作用贯穿于从听板形成直至Corti器毛细胞与传入、传出神经末梢纤维之间建立突触关系的全过程。

The intensity of orthographical, phonological and semantic neurons and the relation between them are different while dealing with Chinese and English given vision and hearing stimulation.

在视觉和听觉不同的刺激条件下，加工汉语和英语不同语言时，与形、音、义相关的神经集群的激活强度和联结强度都表现不同，说明汉语加工和英语加工在形、音、义的关系上表现不同。

Four aspects of research achievements include:(1)several imaging correction methods and strained estimation methods for biological tissues elasticity imaging were investigated as well as elasticity reconstruction and phantom, in vitro and in vivo elasticity imaging experiments;(2)in the fields of biological microsystem and perfusion evaluation for microvascular system, three kinds of microbubbles whose shell are albumin, sugar ester and surfactant respectively were designed and produced, then the methods to estimate the thickness of their shells were presented, moreover, the interacting mechanism of ultrasound contrast agents and tissues, as well as protein drug delivery under the condition of ultrasound sonification were studied in the molecular level;(3) At the aspect of high intensity focused ultrasound therapy system, we designed and constructed the 256-element HIFU transducers using 1-3 composite materials. And furthermore we developed the integrated HIFU system with 256-element HIFU transducers. And we made preliminary and important progresses in the research of HIFU bioeffect, lesion estimation, techniques of monitoring and imaging and characterizing of structure of HIFU transducer;(4)The real-time method of voice source regeneration based on compensative regulation of physiological parameters was investigated in the field of medical rehabilitation. We addressed the physiology and biophysics of vocalization, modeled voice source regeneration based on compensative regulation mechanism, and put forward an integrated evaluation about the speech rehabilitation and the regenerated voice source; Sixty-one archived journal papers were published, as well as ten in international journals, and eighteen publications were embodied by SCI.

成果包括：（1）在生物组织弹性成像方面，研究了多种图像校正方法和应变估计方法，进行了弹性重构和仿体、离体及在体超声弹性成像实验研究；（2）在生物微系统和微血管血流灌注成像方面，制备了三种不同包膜超声造影微泡，研究了纳米包膜厚度检测与估计方法以及不同纳米包膜造影微泡断裂与药物释放机制，并在分子层次上开展了超声与生物组织相互作用机制以及蛋白质药物超声乳化微囊包裹的研究；（3）在阵列式高强聚焦超声治疗与监控成像技术方面，设计制作了新的HIFU换能器，解决了256阵元单焦点和多焦点合成HIFU治疗系统关键技术问题，并在HIFU生物效应与创伤性评价方法、HIFU过程监控成像技术和薄层复合结构与HIFU 换能器界面特性评价等方面的研究取得了初步而重要的进展，具有重要应用前景；（4）在语音听觉系统特别是嗓音康复方面，研究了基于发声系统补偿调节机制的实时多模式嗓音源再生方法和发声生理，建立基于神经、肌肉和空气动力系统的综合补偿调节模型，提出了相应的评价系统。

Four aspects of research achievements include:(1)several imaging correction methods and strained estimation methods for biological tissues elasticity imaging were investigated as well as elasticity reconstruction and phantom, in vitro and in vivo elasticity imaging experiments;(2)in the fields of biological microsystem and perfusion evaluation for microvascular system, three kinds of microbubbles whose shell are albumin, sugar ester and surfactant respectively were designed and produced, then the methods to estimate the thickness of their shells were presented, moreover, the interacting mechanism of ultrasound contrast agents and tissues, as well as protein drug delivery under the condition of ultrasound sonification were studied in the molecular level;(3) At the aspect of high intensity focused ultrasound therapy system, we designed and constructed the 256-element HIFU transducers using 1-3 composite materials. And furthermore we developed the integrated HIFU system with 256-element HIFU transducers. And we made preliminary and important progresses in the research of HIFU bioeffect, lesion estimation, techniques of monitoring and imaging and characterizing of structure of HIFU transducer;(4)The real-time method of voice source regeneration based on compensative regulation of physiological parameters was investigated in the field of medical rehabilitation. We addressed the physiology and biophysics of vocalization, modeled voice source regeneration based on compensative regulation mechanism, and put forward an integrated evaluation about the speech rehabilitation and the regenerated voice source; Sixty-one archived journal papers were published, as well as ten in international journals, and eighteen publications were embodied by SCI.

中文摘要：成果包括：（1）在生物组织弹性成像方面，研究了多种图像校正方法和应变估计方法，进行了弹性重构和仿体、离体及在体超声弹性成像实验研究；（2）在生物微系统和微血管血流灌注成像方面，制备了三种不同包膜超声造影微泡，研究了纳米包膜厚度检测与估计方法以及不同纳米包膜造影微泡断裂与药物释放机制，并在分子层次上开展了超声与生物组织相互作用机制以及蛋白质药物超声乳化微囊包裹的研究；（3）在阵列式高强聚焦超声治疗与监控成像技术方面，设计制作了新的HIFU换能器，解决了256阵元单焦点和多焦点合成HIFU治疗系统关键技术问题，并在HIFU生物效应与创伤性评价方法、HIFU过程监控成像技术和薄层复合结构与HIFU 换能器界面特性评价等方面的研究取得了初步而重要的进展，具有重要应用前景；（4）在语音听觉系统特别是嗓音康复方面，研究了基于发声系统补偿调节机制的实时多模式嗓音源再生方法和发声生理，建立基于神经、肌肉和空气动力系统的综合补偿调节模型，提出了相应的评价系统。

Objective To investigate the distribution of NGF in the cochleae of guinea pigs and to explore the mechanism of NGF in the auditory path ways.

目的 观察神经生长因子(nerve growth factor， NGF)在正常豚鼠耳蜗中的定位分布，为进一步研究其在听觉通路中的作用机制提供依据。

Rhythm has swinging cradle should be training new child vestibular balance after the first step, then, through the newborn can be turned prone exercises, as a pre-school preparation to climb through the hearing with the eyes, as the objects and the subsequent The combination of the rise, not only promoted the development of infants and neck muscles, but also with the management of audio-visual and other sensory nerve muscle contact.

摇篮有节律摆动应是锻炼新后儿前庭平衡能力的第一步，以后，通过对能转头的新生儿的俯卧练习，作为学爬前的准备，通过听觉与抬眼视物以及后来的抬头的结合，不仅促进了婴儿颈部肌肉的发育，也使视听等感觉与管理肌肉的神经联络。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了