君主统治

From 1349 Mistra was ruled by a succession of despots, who were usually younger relatives of the emperor in Constantinople; the Despotate was thus what is called an "apanage".

从1349年密斯特拉开始就被一连串的君主们所统治，通常是君士坦丁堡城内皇帝的年轻亲属们（经常是他们的王位继承者）：因此摩里亚君主国也就是所谓的"属地"。

This idea made its appearance as early as the reign of Philip the Fair, in some of the protests of that monarch against the policy of Boniface VIII.

这个想法提出其外观早在统治菲利普公平，在一些抗议，认为君主对政策的波尼法爵八世。

The eastern part fell to Louis the German, who was followed by several leaders until the death of Louis IV, called "the Child", the last Carolingian in the eastern part.

东部归为日耳曼路易，后来的统治着一直沿袭着他，直到路易十六的死亡，被叫做"孩子"，是在东部的最后的Carolingian王朝的君主。

When they are, it is easier to hold them, especially when they have not been accustomed to self-government; and to hold them securely it is enough to have destroyed the family of the prince who was ruling them; because the two peoples, preserving in other things the old conditions, and not being unlike in customs, will live quietly together, as one has seen in Brittany, Burgundy, Gascony, and Normandy, which have been bound to France for so long a time: and, although there may be some difference in language, nevertheless the customs are alike, and the people will easily be able to get on amongst themselves.

如果是同一地区的话，特别是如果那些国家的人们不是过惯了自由生活的话，那末保有这些国家是最容易的；而且只要灭绝过去统治他们的君主的血统，就能够牢固地保有这些国家了。由于在其他的事情上维持着他们的古老状态，而且在风俗习惯上没有什么不同之处，人们就会安然地生活下去。正如人们在布列塔尼、布尔戈尼、加斯科涅和诺曼底所看到的，这些地方已经长时期地归属于法国了；而且尽管语言有某些差异，可是习惯是相同的，因此它们很容易结合在一起。

Grand duchess of Luxembourg. Ascending to the throne in1919, she took her government into exile

夏洛特卢森堡大公国的女君主，1919年登基王位，在纳粹占领卢森堡期间，她曾组织流亡政府并通过定期的电台广播支持国民的斗争。1945年胜利返回祖国，一直统治到1984年

The struggle between the Papacy and the Empire, ending, as it did, in the downfall of the House of Hohenstaufen, put an end to the old conception of the universal monarchy presided over by the Emperor and the Pope.

随着霍亨施道芬王朝的覆灭，教皇和帝国的争斗走到了末路，由教皇和君王统治所有君主国家的旧观点也走到了尽头。

Sylla signalised his reconstitution of the republic by the Leges Corneliae; Julius Caesar contemplated vast additions to the Statute Law. Augustus caused to be passed the all-important group of Leges Juliae; and among later emperors the most active promulgators of constitutions are princes who, like Constantine, have the concerns of the world to readjust.

西拉用"哥尼流律"来宣布他的改造共和国；朱理亚·凯撒在"制定法"中作了大量增加；奥古斯多促使通过了最重要的"朱理亚律"；在以后的一些皇帝中，最积极于颁布宪令的是像君士坦丁那些要想统治世界事务的君主。

The Shah Dynasty found then lasted until now. Nepal was invaded by Britain in 1814 and forced to cede a vast expanse of territory to India which was controled by Britain at that time. Its diplomacy was supervised by Britain as well. During the period from 1846 to 1950 Nepal was controled by Rana Family . The fight aganist it intrigued by Nepali Congress brought the dormination of Rana Family to an end, and constitutional monarchy was put into practice. In February of 1959 ,Mahemdra Bir Bikram Shah Dev issued the first constitution of Nepal, the New Constitution was issued in 1962. Birendra , Bir Bikram Shah Dev ascended throne in1972, he dismissed the National Panchayat in the April 16, 1990,and he also issued the third constitution in Nov ember of the same year. Then the multi-party of constitutional monarchy was set up.

建立了沙阿王朝，延续至今。1814年英国入侵，尼泊尔被迫割让大片领土给英属印度，外交受英监督。1846年―1950年为拉纳家族统治时期。1950年11月，尼泊尔大会党等发起反拉纳的斗争，结束了拉纳的统治，并实行君主立宪制。1959年2月马亨德拉颁布尼泊尔第一部宪法。1962年颁布新宪法。1972年比兰德拉国王即位。1990年4月16日，比兰德拉国王解散全国评议会，同年11月颁布第三部宪法，实行君主立宪的多党制。

It is sad that out of the several thousands of documentations undertaken during the period, only the temple inscriptions now remain in a crude form and they bear silent testimony to the rule of this great monarch, who ruled during one of the most hazardous times in the world.

令人悲哀的是出于对期间开展documentations的数千只庙题词现在仍处于原油形式和他们成为无声的见证这一伟大的君主，谁统治期间统治的一个最危险的时候世界。

Greece has had a chequered history in the modern era. There was a civil war after 1945 between monarchists and communists. The military staged a coup in 1967; and voters abolished the monarchy after civilian rule was re-established despite the fact that the king had opposed the coup.

希腊的现代史是一段波折不断的历史。1945年后，希腊君主主义者与共产主义者之间爆发了内战。1967年，军队策划了一起政变；尽管国王反对政变，在文官统治重新确立之后选民还是废除了君主制度。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失