君主政体

Firstly, facing up the serious national crisis, the deficiency of governmental efficiency of ching dynasty made monarchy lose the legitimacy. Secondly, the poverty of the thoughts of absolute monarchic powers and the rise of nationalism offered the advantage for the spreading of republicanism. Thirdly, there were contradictions and defects in the thoughts of reformist, which weakened the ideas of monarchy and made for the establishment of republicanism. Finally, in the evolution of political thoughts history from 1840, the thought of revolution replaced the notion of reformism and dominated the ideology. The establishment of republicanism was an inevitable result of the transformation.

共和思想在中国的确立，首先是晚清政局、政治统治有效性缺失，导致传统专制政体的载体——君主制失去合法性基础的结果；其次，中国古代君主制度下绝对君权理论的匮乏和近代民族主义的兴起，为清末民初共和思想的肇兴提供了便利；再次，立宪派关于君主立宪的理论存在着极大的缺陷和矛盾，削弱了这一主张的效力，反而起到了为共和思想张目的作用；最后，从近代以来中国政治思想史的演变来看，革命观念取代改良思潮成为思想界的主流话语，共和思想的确立正是这一转变的必然结果。

In the Chinese history,there were certain standard dispositions thatexisted in the institution arrangement of the Chinese autocracy,which required thatthe monarch should be moral persons,they should get their power through theprocedure and the means of primogeniture,and the monarchical power was arrangedby the Heaven and fate.

文章指出，在中国的专制政体的制度安排中存在着这样一种规范结构，它包括君主必须具备起码的功德、必须按照嫡长子继承制的程序与方式取得权位，以及让人相信君权是天命或命运的安排等基本的条件和要求。

Whether those structures are monarchies, governments or businesses matters not.

是否这些结构是君主政体，各国政府或企业的事宜。

Political system 政治制度 Both Australia and England are Constitutional Monarchies with the Queen as the head of state.

澳大利亚和英国君主政体的宪法与英国女王作为国家元首。

Many European countries remain monarchise today ,including the UK and the Commonwealth,Denmark,Spain,Sweden,Norway,Netherlands,Belgium,Luxembourg,Liechtenstein and Monaco.

许多欧洲国家，包括英国及其联邦成员国，丹麦，西班牙，瑞典，挪威，荷兰，比利时，卢森堡，列支敦士登和摩纳哥在内，如今仍旧保持着君主政体。

At the heart of Westminster is Westminster Abbey, which has always been closely associated with the monarchy and is used for such state occasions as coronations and royal funerals.

威斯敏斯特城的中心耸立着威斯敏斯特教堂，与君主政体的活动有着密切的关系，如加冕礼仪和皇家葬礼这类活动。

Westminster Abbey has always been closely associated with the monarchy and is used for such state occasions as coronations and royal funerals.

西敏寺与君主政体的活动紧密联系，如加冕礼仪和皇家葬礼这类活动

From there, he fell in with a slightly hysterical clutch of hard-right priests and nationalists, one of whom gave him his first job, on a small Belgian Catholic newspaper, the Vingtième Siècle , which fervently supported the monarchy, Belgian missionaries in the Congo and Mussolini and loathed the Bolshevik atheists running Russia and "Judeo-American" capitalism.

在那里，他遇见了一些有点歇斯底里的强权牧师和民族主义者，其中有人给了他第一份工作，在一家比利时天主教报纸Vingtième Siècle工作。这份报纸坚决支持君主政体、位于刚果的比利时传教士及墨索里尼，憎恨布尔什维克的无神论者控制了俄罗斯和&犹太美洲人&资本主义。

In matters of government, Caligula favored a monarchy of Hellenistic type and accepted elaborate honors in Rome and in the provinces.

在政府的事物上，卡利古拉享受着希腊风格的君主政体并自罗马和各省得到相当的尊敬。

The new monarchy founded by Henry VII was of a totally new kind, based upon a new relation of class forces.

亨利七世建立的君主制是以一个新阶级关系为基础的，全新的君主政体。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。