吗啡作用

The affected chicks acquired the morphine conditioned place preference more quickly, and maintained it much longer. Experiment 3 showed that during E5-8, injecting delta receptor antagonist naltrindole reversed the learning and memory impairment caused by morphine while delta receptor agonist DPDPE impaired learning and partial memory function. On the other hand, mu opioid receptors had little effect. As for E17-20, given naloxonazine can reverse the increases of susceptibility to morphine, and the mu receptor agonist DAGO cause the increases of susceptibility to morphine. Delta receptors have no effect.

研究结果发现：经过对鸡胚发育不同时间段的吗啡给药，胚胎期发育E5-8阶段给予吗啡的小鸡学习记忆受损最为严重，表现为学习和记忆功能的严重下降；而E17-20时段吗啡给药的小鸡更容易获得吗啡CPP且保持时间更长。E5-8阶段给予delta受体拮抗剂natrindole能够翻转吗啡对学习和记忆的损害作用，并且给予delta受体激动剂DPDPE也损害学习和部分记忆功能，mu受体作用不大。E17-20阶段拮抗mu受体能够抑制成瘾易感性的增加，激动mu受体可以增加小鸡的成瘾易感性，delta受体没有明显作用。

The potency of morphine and the competitivity of the blockingeffect points to a specific mechanism at a receptor site ratherthan an unspecific membrane effect.

吗啡的效能竞争性制作用说明了吗啡作用于某一受体部位的机制，而非对细胞膜的非特异性作用。

Idazoxan could inhibit the MAO-B activity in vitro while agmatine and naloxone didn't have such effect.

大剂量吗啡对MAO-B活力也有抑制作用，且咪唑克生与吗啡的作用有协同。

Our results have shown that the analgesic effect of morphine administered to nucleus accumbens was blocked by intra-habenula injection of naloxone or ME antiserum, whereas the analgesic effect of morphine injected into habenula was attenuated by intra-PAG administration of naloxone or muscimol, and enhanced by bicuculline methochoride (BMC, an antagonist of GABA receptor).

本工作实验结果表明，在伏核内注射吗啡产生的镇痛作用可被缰核内注射NX或ME抗体所大部阻断，而缰核内注射吗啡产生的镇痛作用又可被PAG内注射NX或γ-氨基丁酸受体激动剂异鹅羔胺所削弱，被GABA受体阻断剂氯甲基荷包牡丹碱所增强。

Thus, the analgesic effect of morphine injected into PAG was significantly attenuated by β-EP AS injected into the nucleus accumbens, and vice versa. This antagonistic effect was totally abolished by lesioning of the ARH. Moreover the analgesic effect of morphine injected into nucleus accumbens could be blocked byβ-EP AS administered te amygdala or habenula.

在PAG内注射吗啡产生的镇痛作用可被伏核内注射β-EP抗体所削弱，损毁家兔的ARH后这一对抗效应基本消失；在伏核内注射吗啡产生的镇痛作用可被PAG内注射β-EP抗体所对抗，损毁ARH后上述对抗效应基本消失；伏核内注射吗啡产生的镇痛作用亦可被杏仁核内或缰核内注射β-EP抗体所阻断。

Among of them, NC (1-13) NH〓, NC (1-5) NH〓 had the equivalent hyperalgesic effects to NC, however, the effects of NC (1-13) NH〓 was lower than that of them. All of them could antagonize the effects of endomorphins -induced analgesia like NC.

其中NC（1-13）NH〓和NC（1-5）NH〓与NC的效果相当，但NC（1-13）NH〓的作用要弱于NC；NC（1-13）NH〓、NC（1-5）NH〓和NC（1-13）NH〓与NC一样可以对抗吗啡、内吗啡肽-1和内吗啡肽-2的镇痛作用。

This results in a 5.4-fold increase in the potency of intrathecal morphine.

这个导致了鞘内吗啡作用提高了5.4倍的结果。

These results indicate that the brain endogenous opioid system seems to play a major role in the modulation of the micturition threshold and the frequency, whereas in the spinal region, enkephalinergic neurons seem to control the activity of sacral preganglionic neurons.

这些结果显示，脑部之内吗啡系统的抑制作用，主要和排尿反射阂值之调控有关，而脊髓部位的内吗啡系统则可直接对副交感神经节前神经元造成抑制性作用。

Rabbits were equipped with intracerebral cannulae directing to two of the four nuclei.

我们在研究吗啡的中枢作用部位时发现，注射微量吗啡到家兔或大鼠的PAG、伏核、杏仁核或缰核内，可产生明显的镇痛作用；而将阿片受体阻断剂纳洛酮注入上述任一核团内，则能大部取消静脉注射吗啡产生的镇痛或电针引起的镇痛。

Methods The number of synaptic terminals in the unit area of neuropil of L4 spinal lamina Ⅱ was compared between morphine dependent and control rats,because there was no significant change in the crosscut area of L-4 spinal lamina Ⅱ of two groups of animal,which was estimated by aid of LM stereological method.

在此基础上，我们曾用吗啡依赖大鼠制作备用根模型(即切除动物一侧腰段背根和背根节，仅保留L4背根作为备用根)，目的是观察经过吗啡作用的大鼠脊髓产生的微环境变化，对备用根初级传入纤维侧支出芽和突触重建的影响。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。