吗啡

Objective: To explore the changes of CD80 and MHC Ⅱ expression in peritoneal macrophages of morphine-dependent and -abstinent mice.

目的：研究吗啡依赖对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞主要组织相容复合体Ⅱ和协同刺激分子CD80表达的影响。

From the synthesis of morphine and acetic anhydride derivatives of heroin history, so far, heroin still known as the "King of Drugs."

从吗啡与乙酐合成其衍生物海洛因的历史，到目前为止，海洛因仍被号称"毒品之王"。

In this study, we compared the efficacy and side-effectprofiles of morphine and hydromorphone at concentrations producingequivalent drug effect measured by pain score and miosis.

在这个研究中，我们比较在产生相同药物效应的药物浓度时，吗啡与氢化吗啡的效能和副作用特性。药物的效应通过疼痛评分和瞳孔缩小来确定。

The results obtained suggest that like the analgesic action of morphine, there is an antagonistic modulation by monoamines of morphineinduced respiratory depression, i. e. 5-HT and DA function as the depressant mediators and NE as an excitatory mediator, and that a central #alpha#-adrenergic system is involved in the action of morphine on the respiratory centers.

上述结果提示中枢内存在的单胺类拮抗性调制系统在吗啡的呼吸抑制效应中起一定作用，5-经色胺和多巴胺系统加强吗啡的呼吸抑制效应，去甲肾上腺素系统则相反，后者的作用是通过，一受体而不是户受体实现的。

The ipsilateral microinjection of γ aminobutyric acid of morphine hydrochloride into the nucleus tractus solitarius blocked partly the evoked bradycardiac and depressor responses without any influence on basal blood pressure and heart rate.

NTS内注射GABA受体拮抗剂荷苞牡丹碱可拮抗吗啡的上述作用，但吗啡受体拮抗剂纳络酮几乎不影响GABA对诱发压力感受性反射的阻断效应。

Morphine of rule dose can significantly increase SOBP, SOCA, SOF and CBDP, anisodumine and magnesium sulfate can resist the exciting role of morphine on SO.

常规剂量的吗啡，可提高胆总管压、SO基础压、收缩波幅及收缩频率；山莨菪碱、硫酸镁可以拮抗吗啡对SO的激动作用。

Methods The number of synaptic terminals in the unit area of neuropil of L4 spinal lamina Ⅱ was compared between morphine dependent and control rats,because there was no significant change in the crosscut area of L-4 spinal lamina Ⅱ of two groups of animal,which was estimated by aid of LM stereological method.

在此基础上，我们曾用吗啡依赖大鼠制作备用根模型(即切除动物一侧腰段背根和背根节，仅保留L4背根作为备用根)，目的是观察经过吗啡作用的大鼠脊髓产生的微环境变化，对备用根初级传入纤维侧支出芽和突触重建的影响。

In the present study, we investigated the dependence and psychological craving for morphine in rats using the conditioned place preference paradigm. On the other hand, to study the effect of morphine on hippocampal sensory gating (N40), double click auditory-evoked potential was recorded during the chronic morphine administration, withdrawal and re-exposure to morphine in rats.

本实验利用条件化位置偏好(conditioned place preference， CPP)模型来检测大鼠对吗啡依赖和心理渴求等过程；采用双声刺激听觉诱发电位来研究大鼠在慢性吗啡给予、戒断以及再给药过程中海马感觉门控(N40)的动态变化。

Methods Sixty mice were randomized into 6 equal groups and morphine was injected subcutaneously (9 mg/kg) for 6 consecutive days to induce CPP using a shuttle box.

采用位置偏爱箱法，连续皮下注射吗啡(9mg/kgb.w。) 6d，引起小鼠产生显著的条件性位置偏爱效应。实验分空白对照组、吗啡模型组9mg/kgb.w。

F of morphine and barbiturates and can enhance the analgesic effect of morphine, so that the central inhibition significantly enhanced.

吗啡与巴比妥类并用，可加强吗啡的镇痛作用，使中枢抑制显著增强。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。