向量方程

The optimal control law obtained consists of linear analytic functions and a compensation term which is a series sum of the adjoint vectors. The analytic functions can be found by solving a Riccati matrix difference equation and a matrix difference equation. The compensation term can be obtained by a recursion formula that solves adjoint vector equations.

得到的最优输出跟踪控制律由状态向量的线性解析函数和伴随向量级数形式的补偿项组成，其解析函数由一次性求解Riccati矩阵差分方程和矩阵差分方程得到，补偿项由求解伴随向量差分方程的递推公式得到。

Chapter 1 gives a brief introduction to basic contents and methods of system identification and solutions of certain prob— lems met during the process of identificationIn chapter 2, the identification is accomplished by transforming the linear differential equation of a dynamic system into an algebraic form via block pulse functions .

第二章介绍采用正交函数BPF将含有未知参数的系统线性微分方程转化为代数向量方程求解，获取表征系统特性的传递函数或微分方程参数而达到辨识目的。

In analyzing the symmetrical element features of power system, the definition of circulator element and circulator node is developed.

通过对相分量法短路故障处理的分析，以定长度向量方程的多态相分量法为基础，提出了用于处理电力系统短路故障的残量变换法和残压变换法。

In cylindrical coordinate system,a modified mixed variational principle with viscous damping force is established and the corresponding state-vector equation is derived.

建立了圆柱坐标系下包含粘滞阻尼力的修正后的Hellinger-Reissner变分原理，推导了对应的状态向量方程。

As an application of continuous wavelet transform,we discuss the relationsbetween some differemtial equaltions and the integral equations by using thecontinuous wavelet transform in 〓,vector function space andabstract function space respectively;prove that they are equivalent not only in theweak topology but also in the strong topology.

作为连续小波变换的应用，分别利用〓上的，多元函数空间上的，向量函数空间上的和抽象函数空间上的连续小波变换分别得到了某些线性微分方程，某些线性偏微分方程，某些向量线性微分方程和某些抽象函数的微分方程分别等价于其相应的积分方程，证明了它们不仅在弱收敛意义下而且在范数收敛意义下是等价的。

In the vector equation ,; alternatively,.

在向量方程中，，上式也可变换成。

Thus this paper first introduces a general approach to continuous element methods for one-dimensional structures,in which the continuous element methods is computed numerically and directly from the transfer matrix from the state vector equation of motion of a structure.

因此，介绍一维结构的连续单元法的一般方法：由结构运动方程建立状态向量方程和利用单元传递矩阵得到单元的刚度矩阵。

The plastic deformation mechanism of the process is explained. The vector equations of the curved conical surface and the figure of the particle motion for the forming process of the bending tube are presented. The theoretical model of stress and strain fields of the forming process is deduced. The practical forming process of tubes of large diameter demonstrates the validity of the new type of design method of the ox-horned core bar and the computation formula of the length of the raw tube.

本文通过研究弯管成形瞬时应力、应变状态及演化过程，阐明了弯管成形过程受力变形特点及力学原理；提出了一种适合弯管变形分析的新单元及数值方法；建立了弯管成形过程应力、应变场&标准图象&；通过研究弯管成形过程金属流动规律及力学条件，阐明了本工艺塑性变形机理；建立了描述弯管成形过程的曲锥面向量方程及其质点运动学图象；推导了弯管成形过程应力、应变场理论模型；结合大口径弯管生产过程，验证了本文给出的新型牛角芯棒设计方法和管坯长度计算公式的正确性。

For the regular curves, we find two Killing fields for the purpose of integrating the structural equations of the p-elastic curves and express the p-elastica by quadratures in a system of cylind...

对于正则曲线的情形，我们发现了两个用于求解p-弹性曲线的结构方程的Killing向量场并用积分将p-弹性曲线在一个柱面坐标系中表示出来，而对仿射星形曲线的情形，我们用积分方法解出了欧拉-拉格朗日方程，利用Killing向量场及线性李代数s1(2，R)、s1(3，R)和s1(4，R)的分类将高阶结构方程降为一阶线性方程，因此我们用积分完全解出了中心仿射p-弹性曲线。

For the regular curves, we find two Killing fields for the purpose of integrating the structural equations of the p-elastic curves and express the p-elastica by quadratures in a system of cy...

对于正则曲线的情形，我们发现了两个用于求解p-弹性曲线的结构方程的Killing向量场并用积分将p-弹性曲线在一个柱面坐标系中表示出来，而对仿射星形曲线的情形，我们用积分方法解出了欧拉-拉格朗日方程，利用Killing向量场及线性李代数s1(2，R)、s1(3，R)和s1(4，R)的分类将高阶结构方程降为一阶线性方程，因此我们用积分完全解出了中心仿射p-弹性曲线。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。