向量和

The contourlet transform used in the system was constructed by dual tree complex wavelet transform followed by critically subsampled directional filter banks, sub-bands energy and standard deviations were cascaded to form feature vectors, and the similarity metric was Canberra distance.

该系统采用的复数轮廓波变换由双树复小波变换级联临界下采样方向滤波器构成，特征向量采用子带系数的能量和标准偏差连接而成，以Canberra 距离为相似度度量标准；比较了基于同样架构的基本轮廓波变换、无下采样轮廓波变换、半下采样轮廓波变换和CCT 纹理检索系统的性能。

Extended the semi-analytical finite element method into the Dugdale model of elastic-plastic fracture mechanics, the analytical elements based on the Dugdale model of mode Ⅰ and mode Ⅱ crack are constructed. The formulas for the stiffness matrices and load vectors of analytical elements are deduced.

将上面的半解析有限元法应用于弹塑性断裂力学中的Dugdale模型，分别构造了基于Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型Dugdale模型的裂纹解析元，并建立了解析单元的出口刚度阵和荷载向量的列式。

Using the Genetic Algorithm to solve a difficult problem –searching the eigenvalue and the eigenvector of a matrix.

对正矩阵和正对称矩阵的谱半径的下界作了修正。(2)应用遗传算法解决矩阵特征值和特征向量问题。

Difference vector is defined by which bad data and sudden load change can be identified under topology error condition.

在新息图网络中，定义了差别向量以及不良回路和突变回路的概念，进行拓扑错误情况下的坏数据和负荷突变的检测识别。

At the same time, SVM is also used to identify the well interpretation model. The most relative error of curve fitting is 0.9623%.

同时，将支持向量机用于试井压力恢复曲线的拟和，拟和的最大相对误差为0.9623％。

In order to solve the problem,We proposed a simple formula for computing paraxial travel time of single-way wave operator. The formula is based on the forward and inverse transform between time-space domain to frequency-wavenumber domain and from vector field to exponential manifold. The travel time are expressed as polynomials of the horizontal offset between the two points, and the single-square-root operator in frequency-wavenumber domain are expressed as polynomials of wavenumber. Coefficients of travel time polynomials and that of single-square-root operator are related each other and calculated by Lie algebraic integrand, exponential map and the saddle-point method.

针对此，基于时间空间域到频率波数域和向量场到指数流形上的正反变换，提出了计算单程波算子旁轴走时的简便公式，将走时表示成空间变量(地面点到地下相点的水平距离)的多项式，将频率波数域单平方根算子表示成波数的多项式，运用Lie代数积分、指数映射和鞍点法将走时多项式的系数与单平方根算子的系数联系起来，运用单平方根算子的系数计算走时多项式的系数。

In order to solve the problem, We proposed a simple formula for computing paraxial travel time of single-way wave operator. The formula is based on the forward and inverse transform between time-space domain to frequency-wavenumber domain and from vector field to exponential as polynomials of wavenumber. Coefficients of travel time polynomials and that of single-square-root operator are related each other and calculated by Lie algebraic integrand, exponential map and the saddlepoint method.

针对此，基于时间空间域到频率波数域和向量场到指数流形上的正反变换，提出了计算单程波算子旁轴走时的简便公式，将走时表示成空间变量（地面点到地下相点的水平距离）的多项式，将频率波数域单平方根算子表示成波数的多项式，运用Lie代数积分、指数映射和鞍点法将走时多项式的系数与单平方根算子的系数联系起来，运用单平方根算子的系数计算走时多项式的系数。

In this paper, mathematical analysis, linear algebra is more material as the foundation, on the basis of previous studies, will solve a number of the function extreme value methods, such as distribution method, elimination method, the discriminant method, mean inequality method, the geometric method, vector method and derivative method, and so to summarize, and on this basis is given for each method the corresponding examples to illustrate for readers to reference and understanding.

本文以数学分析、线性代数更教材为基础，在前人研究的基础上，将求解函数极值的若干方法，如配方法、消元法、判别式法、均值不等式法、几何法、向量法和导数法等等进行归纳总结，并在此基础上针对每一种方法给出相应的例子加以说明，以便读者参考和理解。

A set of automatic testing and fault diagnosis system for a certain control and change component is introduced. The realizing technique of hardware and software for automatic testing is discussed.

介绍了某控制转换装置测试仪的自动测试和故障诊断的设计思想，讨论了测试仪的硬软件设计中如何实现自动测试，以及利用FAN算法来计算故障定位测试向量的故障诊断思想和方法。

This paper proposes s new method to construct wavelets decomposing and reconstructing matrices of wavelet coefficients without iterative calculation in symmetrical extension for finite length signal ,and correspondingly gives the base vectors and basis images of 9/7 wavelet. The matrices can be used for image-partition processing based on wavelet method.

给出了对称延拓方式下有限长信号不需逐级计算而直接得到小波系数的分解矩阵和由这些小波系数重构原信号的重构矩阵的构造方法，并给出了常用的相应于9/7小波的分解矩阵和重构矩阵及其基向量，它们可广泛用于基于小波的图像分块处理中。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。